Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox newspaper
The Template:Lang (Template:IPA; FAZ; "Frankfurt General Newspaper") is a German newspaper founded in 1949. It is published daily in Frankfurt<ref name=gh>Template:Cite web</ref> and is considered a newspaper of record for Germany.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Its Sunday edition is the Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung (Template:IPA; FAS).
The paper runs its own network of correspondents. Its editorial policy is not determined by a single editor, but cooperatively by four editors.
History
The first edition of the FAZ appeared on 1 November 1949;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> its founding editors were Hans Baumgarten, Erich Dombrowski, Karl Korn, Paul Sethe and Erich Welter.<ref>Template:Cite thesis</ref> Welter acted as editor until 1980. Some editors had worked for the moderate Frankfurter Zeitung, which had been banned in 1943. However, in their first issue, the FAZ editorial expressly refuted the notion of being the earlier paper's successor, or of continuing its legacy:
Until 30 September 1950, the FAZ was printed in Mainz.
Traditionally, many of the headlines in the FAZ were styled in blackletter format, and no photographs appeared on the title page. Some of the rare exceptions were a picture of celebrating people in front of the Berlin Reichstag on 4 October 1990 (German Unity Day), and two pictures in the edition on 12 September 2001 (one day after the September 11 attacks) showing the collapsing World Trade Center and American president George W. Bush.
In the early 2000s, FAZ expanded aggressively, with customized sections for Berlin and Munich.<ref name="LandlerNYT2004">Template:Cite news</ref> An eight-page six-day-a-week English-language edition was distributed as an insert in The International Herald Tribune (which is owned by The New York Times Company); the articles were selected and translated from the same day's edition of the parent newspaper by the FAZ staff in Frankfurt.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> However, FAZ groupTemplate:Which suffered a loss of 60.6 million euros in 2002. By 2004, the customized sections were scrapped. The English edition shrank to a tabloid published once a week.<ref name="LandlerNYT2004"/>
On 5 October 2007, the FAZ altered its traditional layout to include color photographs on the front page, and replaced blackletter typeface outside the nameplate. Due to its traditionally sober layout, the introduction of color photographs was controversially discussed by FAZ readers, becoming the subject of a 2009 comedy film.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
As of 2024, the FAZ is produced electronically using the IBM Networked Interactive Content Access (NICA) software and Unisys Hermes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> For its characteristic comment headings, a digital Fraktur font was ordered. This font has since been abandoned, due to the above-mentioned change of layout.
After introducing the new spelling prescribed by German orthography reform of 1996 on 1 August 1999, the paper returned to the old spelling exactly one year later, declaring that the reform had failed to achieve its primary goals of improving language mastery and strengthening the unity of the language.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> After several changes had been made to the new spelling, FAZ accepted it and started using it (in a custom version) on 1 January 2007.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In December 1999, future German Chancellor Angela Merkel published an article in the Template:Lang, lamenting the "tragedy" that had befallen the party (CDU donations scandal), blaming former Chancellor Helmut Kohl and urging a new course.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On 16 February 2000, Leader of the CDU since 7 November 1998, stepped back, and Merkel became his successor.
Orientation
Template:Conservatism in Germany Its political orientation is liberal-conservative,<ref name="enzensberger">Enzensberger, Hans Magnus (16 October 2007). "Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen". (in German). Deutschland Radio.</ref> occasionally providing a forum to commentators with different opinions.
In the 2013 elections the paper endorsed the CDU/CSU alliance.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Ownership
The company has the legal form of a GmbH (company with limited liability); the independent Template:Interlanguage link (Fazit-Foundation) is its majority shareholder, holding 93.7% of shares.<ref>Annual report of FAZIT Foundation at ebundesanzeiger.de</ref> The FAZIT-Stiftung was created in 1959 by the transformation of the then FAZ owner Template:Langx into a private foundation. It is 'owned' by up to nine persons who can't sell or buy their share but have to transmit it free of charge to a successor which is co-opted by the remaining shareholders. The foundations statute prescribes that only such persons shall be co-opted as new member, who "by their standing and personality" can guarantee the "independence" of the FAZ. The current group of seven is composed of active or former CEOs, company owners, board members, and corporate lawyers. The foundation also owns more than 90% of the shares of the company 'Frankfurter Societät' which in turn is owner of the printing enterprise 'Frankfurter Societätsdruckerei' and the regional paper Frankfurter Neue Presse.
Circulation
The F.A.Z. is one of several high-profile national newspapers in Germany (along with Süddeutsche Zeitung, Template:Lang, Frankfurter Rundschau and Die Tageszeitung). In 2011, it counted 40 foreign correspondents among its staff.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> All in all, over 800 people are working for FAZ.<ref>www.frankfurterallgemeine.de (retrieved 16 August 2025)</ref>
The 1993 circulation of the paper was 391,013 copies.<ref name=phum>Template:Cite book</ref> In 2001, it had a circulation of 409,000 copies.<ref name=adsm>Template:Cite news</ref> The 2007 circulation of the daily edition was 382,499 copies.<ref name=eu7>Template:Cite web</ref> The 2016 (IVW II/2016) circulation of the daily edition was 256,188 copies.<ref name=eu16>Template:Cite web</ref>
Bans
In 2006, the FAZ was banned in Egypt for publishing articles which were deemed as "insulting Islam".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In February 2008, the paper was again banned in Egypt due to the publication of cartoons depicting Muhammad.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In November 2012, the paper provoked strong criticism in Spain because of its stance against Spanish immigration to Germany during the economic crisis.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In July 2019, the FAZ website, along with other major German media, including Spiegel Online, was blocked by China's Great Firewall. The reasons for the ban remain unclear, but FAZ believed it was possibly due to its reporting on the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Notable contributors
- Muhammad Asad
- Template:Ill
- Template:Ill
- Eleonore Büning (music critic)
- Dietmar Dath
- Marc Degens
- Template:Ill
- Joachim Fest (former editor)
- Template:Ill (former editor)
- Template:Ill
- Andrea Petkovic
- Template:Ill
- Florian Illies
- Daniel Kehlmann
- Barbara Klemm (photographer)
- Carsten Knop
- Christian Kracht
- Karl Lagerfeld (designer)
- Ernst Nolte
- Template:Ill
- Marcel Reich-Ranicki
- Template:Ill (see Template:Ill)
- Johann Georg Reißmüller (former editor)
- Frank Schirrmacher
- Werner Spies
- Udo Ulfkotte (former editor)
See also
References
Further reading
External links
- Pages with broken file links
- Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
- 1949 establishments in West Germany
- Centre-right newspapers
- Conservative liberalism
- Conservative media in Germany
- Daily newspapers published in Germany
- German-language newspapers
- German news websites
- Liberal conservatism
- Liberal media in Germany
- Mass media in Frankfurt
- Mass media in Mainz
- Newspapers established in 1949
- Publishing companies established in 1949