Gentiana acaulis

Gentiana acaulis, the stemless gentian,<ref>Lena Struwe (Editor), Victor A. Albert (Editor), Gentianaceae, Cambridge University Press, 2002; Template:ISBN</ref> or trumpet gentian,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the family Gentianaceae, native to central and southern Europe, from Spain east to the Balkans,<ref name="FloraEuropaea">Template:Cite book</ref> growing especially in mountainous regions, such as the Alps and Pyrenees,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> at heights of Template:Convert.

Description

It is a perennial plant, growing up to a height of Template:Convert tall and forming a mat up to Template:Convert wide.<ref name="RHS"/> The leaves, which can be lanceolate, elliptical or obovate,<ref name="FloraEuropaea"/> are evergreen, 2–3.5 cm long, in a basal rosette, forming clumps. The trumpet-shaped terminal flowers are blue with olive-green spotted longitudinal throats.<ref name="RHS"/> They grow on a very short peduncle, 3–6 cm long. The flower stem is often without leaves, or has 1 or 2 pairs of leaves. It likes full sun, is fully hardy and flowers in late spring and summer.

The minute single crystals observed in its leaves are not true raphides.Template:Sfn

Horticulture

This plant, like others of its genus, is valued in cultivation for the unusually pure intense blue of its blooms. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.<ref name="RHS">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Etymology

The Latin specific epithet acaulis means "short-stemmed".<ref name=RHSLG>Template:Cite book</ref>

Taxonomy

The closely related Gentiana clusii, often called by the same common name as this species, differs in its preference for limy (alkaline) soils. It also has shorter leaves and the flowers have no olive-green stripes.

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic research suggests G. acaulis is sister to a clade containing 4 other Gentiana species: G. verna, G. bavarica, G. nivalis, and G. utriculosa.Template:R

Culture

A depiction of a gentian flower can be seen on the obverse side of Austrian € 0.01 euro coins.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Images

• File:Gentiana acaulis (34797333066).jpg
• File:GentianaAcaulisRannoch.jpg
• File:Gentiána.jpg
• File:Gentiana acaulis L ag1.jpg
• File:Gentiana acaulis (stemless gentian).jpg

Bibliography

• Template:Cite journal