George Adamson

Template:Short description Template:For Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox person George Alexander Graham Adamson MBE (3 February 1906 – 20 August 1989), also known as the Baba ya Simba ("Father of Lions" in Swahili),<ref name="Father of Lions">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> was a British wildlife conservationist and author based in Kenya. His wife Joy Adamson related in her best-selling book Born Free (1960) (in 1966 made into a film) the couple's life with Elsa the Lioness, an orphaned lioness cub they raised and later released into the wild.

Life

George Alexander Graham Adamson was born on 3 February 1906 in Etawah, India,<ref name="www.fatheroflions.org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> to English and Irish parents. He was educated at Dean Close School, Cheltenham, England, and moved to work on his father's coffee plantations in Kenya in 1924. After the death of his parents he worked in a series of jobs, which included gold prospector, goat trader and professional safari hunter,<ref name=EB1990YB>Template:Cite book</ref> before joining Kenya's wildlife department in 1938,<ref name="EB1990YB"/> working as a game warden. Six years later he married Friederike Victoria "Joy" Gessner.<ref name="EB1990YB"/> (who became the best-selling author Joy Adamson). It was in 1956 that he raised the lioness cub, Elsa, which he later released into the wild, which adventure became the subject of his wife's best-selling book Born Free (1960), later in 1966 made into the feature film Born Free.

Adamson retired as a Senior Wildlife Warden of the Northern Frontier District Province of Kenya (Meru National Park area) in 1961 and devoted himself to raising lions that could not look after themselves and training them to survive in the wild. In 1970, he moved to the Kora National Reserve in northern Kenya to continue the rehabilitation of captive or orphaned big cats for eventual reintroduction into the wild. George and Joy separated that same year, but continued to spend Christmas holidays together until she was murdered on 3 January 1980.

Death

On 20 August 1989, George Adamson was murdered near his camp in Kora National Park, by Somali bandits, when he went to the rescue of his assistant and a young European tourist in the Kora National Park. He was 83 years old. George is buried in the Kora National Park next to his brother, Terrance and two lions named: Super Cub and Mugie, a lion released in Kora after George's death.<ref name="www.fatheroflions.org"/>

Film and television

• Elsa the Lioness (1961), a documentary introduced and narrated by David Attenborough, it followed the Adamsons as they visited Elsa and her cubs in the wild, shortly before her death, and tended to her injuries following a fight with another lioness.<ref>https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b00v1xk5/elsa-the-lioness (note that the description here can be confusing - whilst Attenborough did visit Kenya, he is never seen with the Adamsons or the lions, he simply introduces the show from a television studio and provides the narration throughout)</ref>
• Born Free (1966), based on the book of the same name by Joy Adamson about Elsa the Lioness, that was rehabilitated into the wild, but remained in a friendly relationship with the Adamsons. The film stars Virginia McKenna as Joy Adamson and Bill Travers as George Adamson. George Adamson served as Chief Technical Advisor.
• The Lions Are Free (1967) is the true story of what happened to the lions Boy, Girl, Ugas, Mara, Henrietta and Little Elsa, and other lions which starred in Born Free. George Adamson rehabilitated many of these lions after Born Free was completed. It is a documentary-style film about George Adamson and his lions.
• An Elephant Called Slowly (1969) is a travelogue featuring George Adamson, Bill Travers and Virginia McKenna.
• Lord of the Lions...Adamson of Africa was filmed in the Kora Reserve in Kenya only months before George was murdered (about 53 minutes)
• Living Free (1972) is the sequel to Born Free; it stars Nigel Davenport as George Adamson and Susan Hampshire as Joy Adamson.
• Christian the Lion (1972) is a documentary of Christian the lion and his journey to George Adamson; it was written, produced and directed by Bill Travers and James Hill, the director of Born Free.
• Born Free (1974 television series) is a loose adaptation starring Gary Collins and Diana Muldaur.
• To Walk With Lions (1999), a feature film, starred Richard Harris as George Adamson.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
• "The Born Free Legacy" is a BBC documentary from 2010.
• "Elsa's Legacy: The Born Free Story" is a Nature PBS documentary episode from 2011.

Bibliography

• Bwana Game: The Life Story of George Adamson, Collins & Harvill (April 1968), Template:ISBN
• A Lifetime With Lions, Doubleday (1st ed. in the U.S.A.) (1968), ASIN B0006BQAZW
• My Pride and Joy: Autobiography, The Harvill Press (22 September 1986), Template:ISBN

Further reading

• Sandy Gall, George Adamson: Lord of the Lions (Nov 1991), Grafton, Template:ISBN
• Adrian House, The Great Safari: The Lives of George and Joy Adamson, (1993), William Morrow & Company, Template:ISBN

External links

• George Adamson Website featuring photos, letters and much information on George Adamson.
• George Adamson Wildlife Preservation Trust
• Profile of Joy & George Adamson
• Animated website for kids. Meet Dotty Rhino & her friends who live in Mkomazi, a real-life game reserve in Africa.
• WildLifeNow – African Wildlife Preservation Trust website
• Born Free Foundation website
• Gary Hodges Wildlife Art – drawing of George Adamson with Boy and Christian by artist Gary Hodges for George's memorial service.
• Christian the Lion, Ace Bourke & John Rendall