German submarine U-537
German submarine U-537 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} during World War II. Her keel was laid down on 10 April 1942 by Deutsche Werft in Hamburg. She was commissioned on 27 January 1943 with {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} Peter Schrewe in command. Schrewe commanded the boat for nearly two years, until her loss.<ref name="uboatnet"/>
U-537 conducted three patrols and holds the distinction of making the only armed German landing in North America during World War II, when her crew installed the automatic Weather Station Kurt in Martin Bay, Labrador on 22 October 1943.<ref>Thorne, R.G. (2004). A Cherished Past: Newfoundland's Front Row Seat to History. St. John's, NL/Thorton Publishing Ltd. (pp. 82-88)</ref> She was then sent to the Far East. On 10 November 1944 in the Java Sea east of Surabaya, U-537 was sunk with all hands—58 officers and men—by torpedoes from Template:USS.<ref name="uboatnet"/>
Design
German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-537 had a displacement of Template:Convert when at the surface and Template:Convert while submerged.Template:Sfn The U-boat had a total length of Template:Convert, a pressure hull length of Template:Convert, a beam of Template:Convert, a height of Template:Convert, and a draught of Template:Convert. The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of Template:Convert for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of Template:Convert for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two Template:Convert propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to Template:Convert.Template:Sfn
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of Template:Convert and a maximum submerged speed of Template:Convert.Template:Sfn When submerged, the boat could operate for Template:Convert at Template:Convert; when surfaced, she could travel Template:Convert at Template:Convert. U-537 was fitted with six Template:Convert torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|Template:Convert SK C/32 naval gun]], 180 rounds, and a [[3.7 cm SK C/30|Template:Convert SK C/30]] as well as a [[2 cm FlaK 30|Template:Convert C/30]] anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.Template:Sfn
Service history
First patrol
U-537 left Kiel on 18 September 1943 and sailed to Bergen, Norway, departing from there on her first patrol on 30 September. She sailed across the North Atlantic, and on 22 October she set up Wetter-Funkgerät Land-26 (code-named "Kurt") automatic weather station in Martin Bay, Labrador. The weather station was only discovered by accident by Canadian authorities in 1981.<ref name="uboat" >{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref>
While on anti-shipping patrol off Newfoundland on 31 October, the U-boat was attacked by a Canadian Hudson aircraft from No. 11 Squadron RCAF, which fired eight rockets, all missing. On 10 November a Canadian Catalina aircraft from No. 5 Squadron RCAF attacked her with four depth charges off Cape Race. The U-boat escaped unharmed, but the next day another Catalina of 5 Squadron attacked with four depth charges which slightly damaged the submarine. Surface ships then joined the hunt, but all failed to locate her, and U-537 arrived safely at Lorient on 8 December.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Second patrol
U-537 sailed from Lorient on 25 March 1944 and traveled around Africa, and then crossed the Indian Ocean to Batavia, which she reached on 2 August after a voyage of 131 days.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Third patrol
U-537 left Batavia for Surabaya in Indonesia on 1 October 1944, and began her third and final patrol on 9 November.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On 10 November, she was spotted and sunk with all hands — 58 officers and men — in the Java Sea, at position Template:Coord, by torpedoes from Template:USS in one of the few instances of an American submarine attacking a German vessel in World War II.<ref name="uboatnet"/> U-537 was one of ten German U-boats lost in Asian or East African waters during the war.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
References
Bibliography
External links
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Template:German Type IXC/40 submarines Template:November 1944 shipwrecks