Gloydius

Gloydius is a genus of pit vipers endemic to Asia, also known as Asian moccasins or Asian ground pit vipers. Named after American herpetologist Howard K. Gloyd,<ref>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. Template:ISBN. (Gloydius, p. 102).</ref> this genus is very similar to the North American genus Agkistrodon. 24 species are currently recognized.<ref name="ITIS">{{#if:634414 | {{#invoke:template wrapper|wrap|_template=cite web|_exclude=id,ID,taxon

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Geographic range

Species of Gloydius are found in Russia, east of the Ural Mountains through Siberia, Iran, Himalayas from Pakistan, India, Nepal, China, Korea, Japan and the Ryukyu Islands.<ref name="McD99"/>

Species

Species<ref name="ITIS"/>	Taxon author<ref name="ITIS"/>	Subsp.*<ref name="ITIS"/>	Common name<ref name="Gum04">Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S (2004). Asian Pitvipers. First Edition. Berlin: Geitje Books. 368 pp. Template:ISBN.</ref>	Geographic range<ref name="McD99"/>
G. angusticeps	J. Shi, Yang, Huang, Orlov & P. Li, 2018	0	Zoige pit viper	China, (Sichuan, Qinghai, and Gansu).
G. blomhoffii	(H. Boie, 1826)	0	Japanese mamushi	Japan.
G. brevicauda	(Stejneger, 1907)	0	Short-tailed mamushi	North Korea, South Korea, and China.
G. caraganus	(Eichwald, 1831)	0	Karaganda pitviper	Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan.
G. caucasicus	(Nikolsky, 1916)	0	Caucasian pitviper	Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, and Afghanistan.
G. chambensis	Kuttalam, Santra, Owens, Selvan, Mukherjee, Graham, Togridou, Bharti, Shi, Shanker & Malhotra, 2022<ref name=EJT>Template:Cite journal (Gloydius chambensis, new species).</ref>	0	Chamba pitviper	Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh.
G. changdaoensis	L. Li, 1999	0		China.
G. cognatus	(Gloyd, 1977)	0	Alashan pitviper	China.
G. halysT	(Pallas, 1776)	4	Siberian pitviper	Russia, east of the Ural Mountains through Siberia, Iran, Mongolia to northern and central China, as well as the southern Ryukyu Islands.
G. himalayanus	(Günther, 1864)	0	Himalayan pitviper	Along the southern slopes of the Himalayas from northeastern Pakistan, to northern India (Kashmir, Punjab) and Nepal. Found at 1524–3048 m altitude.
G. huangi	K. Wang, Ren, Dong, Jiang, Shi, Siler & Che, 2019	0	Lancang Plateau viper	Tibet.
G. intermedius	(Strauch, 1868)	0	Central Asian pitviper	Southeastern Azerbaijan, northern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, northwestern Afghanistan, southern Russia, northwestern China and Mongolia.
G. lateralis	Zhang, S. Shi, C. Li, Yan, P. Wang, Ding, Du, Plenković-Moraj, Jiang & J. Shi, 2022	0		Jiuzhaigou County, China.<ref>Template:Cite journal (Gloydius lateralis, new species).</ref>
G. lipipengi	J. Shi, J-C. Liu & Malhotra, 2021	0	Nujiang pit viper	China.
G. liupanensis	N. Liu, Z. Song & Luo, 1989	0		Gansu, China.
G. monticola	(F. Werner, 1922)	0	Likiang pitviper	The mountains of northern Yunnan in China.
G. qinlingensis	(M. Song & F. Chen, 1985)	0		Shaanxi, China.
G. rickmersi	Wagner, Tiutenko, Borkin & Simonov, 2015	0		Kyrgyzstan
G. rubromaculatus	J. Shi, P.Li & J. Liu, 2017	0		Tibetan Plateau.
G. saxatilis	(Emelianov, 1937)	0	Rock mamushi<ref name="G&C90">Gloyd HK, Conant R (1990). Snakes of the Agkistrodon Complex: A Monographic Review. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 614 pp., 52 plates. LCCN 89-50342. Template:ISBN.</ref>	Russia (eastern Siberia), northeastern China and North and South Korea.
G. shedaoensis	(Zhao, 1979)	0	Shedao island pitviper	Shedao Island, off the coast of Liaotung, China.
G. stejnegeri	(Rendahl, 1933)	0	Gobi pitviper	China and Mongolia.
G. strauchi	(Bedriaga, 1912)	0	Strauch's pitviper	The Tibetan Plateau in the provinces of Tsinghai and western Szechwan, China.
G. swild	J. Shi & Malhotra, 2021	0		China.
G. tsushimaensis	(Isogawa, Moriya & Mitsui, 1994)	0	Tsushima Island pitviper	Tsushima Island, Japan.
G. ussuriensis	(Emelianov, 1929)	0	Ussuri mamushi	Far east Russia (Primorskiy Kray), northeastern China, North and South Korea, as well as Quelpart Island.

(*) Not including the nominate subspecies.
(^T) Type species.

In the above list, a taxon author in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a different genus.

Taxonomy

Due to the strong morphological similarity, these snakes were classified in the genus Agkistrodon until very recently. However, by 1999 cladistic studies clearly showed that Agkistrodon did not form a clade (indeed, it was not even paraphyletic) and was thus split into several genera.

A new species, G. tsushimaensis, was described by Isogawa, Moriya & Mitsui (1994). It is referred to as the Tsushima island pitviper and is found only on Tsushima Island, Japan.

Further reading

• Hoge AR, Romano-Hoge SA (1981). "Poisonous Snakes of the World. I. Checklist of the Pitvipers: Viperoidea, Viperidae, Crotalinae". Memórias do Instituto Butantan 42/43: 179-309. (Gloydius, new genus).
• Isogawa, Kiyoshi; Moriya, Akira; Mitsui, Sadaaki (1994). "A new snake from the genus Agkistrodon (Serpentes: Viperidae) from Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture". Japanese Journal of Herpetology 15: 101-111. (Agkistrodon tsushimaensis, new species).

External links

• Template:NRDB genus
• Taxonomy comparison by Dr. Wolfgang Wüster at Dr. Brian Grieg Fry's Int'l Venom & Toxin Database. Accessed 25 July 2007.

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