Glycine (plant)

Glycine is a genus in the bean family Fabaceae. The best known species is the cultivated soybean (Glycine max). While the majority of the species are found only in Australia, the soybean's native range is in East Asia.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> A few species extend from Australia to East Asia (e.g., G. tomentella and G. tabacina). Glycine species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species: the engrailed, nutmeg and turnip moths have all been recorded on soybean.

Taxonomy

The genus name Glycine has had a tangled taxonomic history.<ref name=HymoNewe81/> It was first introduced by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.<ref name=IPNI_30007039-2/> Linnaeus listed eight species. The first was Glycine apios, for which he gave the pre-Linnaean synonym "Apios americana".<ref name=Linn53p753/> The genus name is derived from the Greek glykys, meaning 'sweet'.<ref name=HymoNewe81/> Linnaeus's Glycine apios, now accepted as Apios americana, has edible roots, which were used as food by Native Americans in the United States.<ref name=CarlWoll04/> In 1966, Bernard Verdcourt discovered that the designated type species of Linnaeus's genus, Glycine javanica, was actually a member of the genus Pueraria with an abnormal inflorescence. Linnaeus's eight species are now placed in seven genera other than Glycine. Verdcourt proposed that since Linnaeus's Glycine was so confused, the genus should instead be based on the species Glycine clandestina, first described by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1802.<ref name=Verd66/><ref name=HymoNewe81/> The proposal was agreed in 1978, and Glycine L. is a rejected name in favour of the conserved name Glycine Willd.<ref name=IPNI_128950-3/> A consequence of the changes is that the justification for the genus name no longer exists, since none of the species with edible roots are now placed in Glycine.<ref name=HymoNewe81/>

Species

Template:As of, Plants of the World Online accepted 28 species.<ref name = powo/>

Subgenus Glycine<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref>

• Glycine albicans Template:Small
• Glycine aphyonotos Template:Small
• Glycine arenaria Template:Small
• Glycine argyrea Template:Small
• Glycine canescens Template:Small
• Glycine clandestina Template:Small
• Glycine curvata Template:Small
• Glycine cyrtoloba Template:Small
• Glycine dolichocarpa Template:Small
• Glycine falcata Template:Small
• Glycine gracei Template:Small
• Glycine hirticaulis Template:Small
• Glycine koidzumii Template:Small
• Glycine lactovirens Template:Small
• Glycine latifolia Template:Small
• Glycine latrobeana Template:Small
• Glycine microphylla Template:Small
• Glycine montis-douglas Template:Small
• Glycine peratosa Template:Small
• Glycine pescadrensis Template:Small
• Glycine pindanica Template:Small
• Glycine pullenii Template:Small
• Glycine remota Template:Small
• Glycine rubiginosa Template:Small
• Glycine stenophita Template:Small
• Glycine syndetika Template:Small
• Glycine tabacina Template:Small
• Glycine tomentella Template:Small

Subgenus Soja (Moench) F.J. Herm.

• Glycine max Template:Small (the soybean)
• Glycine soja Template:Small

References

Recent taxonomic references

• Barrett, R. L. and M. D. Barrett. (2015). Twenty-seven new species of vascular plants from Western Australia. Nuytsia 26, 21–87.
• Pfeil, B. E., et al. (2006). Three new species of northern Australian Glycine (Fabaceae, Phaseolae), G. gracei, G. montis-douglas and G. syndetika. Australian Systematic Botany 19, 245–258.
• Pfeil, B. E. and L. A. Craven. (2002). New taxa in Glycine (Fabaceae: Phaseoleae) from north-western Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 15, 565–573.
• Pfeil, B. E., et al. (2001). A review of the Glycine clandestina species complex (Fabaceae, Phaseoleae) reveals two new species. Australian Systematic Botany 14, 891–900.
• Pfeil, B. E. and M. D. Tindale. (2001). Glycine. in Flora of NSW, revised edition. Vol. 2. Harden, G. (ed.). Sydney, NSW University Press.
• Doyle, J. J., et al. (2000). Confirmation of shared and divergent genomes in the Glycine tabacina polyploid complex (Leguminosae) using histone H3-D sequences. Systematic Botany 25, 437–448.
• Tindale, M. D. and L. A. Craven. (1993). Glycine pindanica (Fabaceae: Phaseolae), a new species from west Kimberley, Western Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 6, 371–376.
• Tindale, M. D. and L. A. Craven. (1988). Three new species of Glycine (Fabaceae: Phaseolae) from North-western Australia, with notes on amphicarpy in the genus. Australian Systematic Botany 1, 399–410.
• Tindale, M. D. (1986). Taxonomic notes on three Australian and Norfolk Island species of Glycine Willd. (Fabaceae: Phaseolae) including the choice of a neotype for G. clandestina Wendl. Brunonia 9, 179–191.
• Tindale, M. D. (1984). Two new eastern Australian species of Glycine Willd. (Fabaceae). Brunonia 7, 207–213.
• Newell, C. A. and T. Hymowitz. (1980). A taxonomic revision on the genus Glycine subgenus Glycine (Leguminosae). Brittonia 32, 63–69.
• Hermann, F. J. (1962). A revision of the genus Glycine and its immediate allies. Tech. Bull. U.S.D.A. 1268.

Older taxonomic references

• Hayata. (1920). Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 29.
• Bentham, G. (1864). Glycine. Fl. Austral. 2: 242–245.