Goodbye (Cream album)

Goodbye (also called Goodbye Cream)<ref name=gingerbaker>Template:Cite web</ref> is the fourth and final album by Cream, with three tracks recorded live, and three recorded in the studio. The album was released after Cream disbanded in November 1968.<ref name="The Farewell">Template:Cite web</ref>

Background and recording

Just before Cream's third album, Wheels of Fire, was to be released, the group's manager Robert Stigwood announced that the group would disband after a farewell tour and a final concert at the Royal Albert Hall in November.<ref name="Crossroads">Template:Cite book</ref> The group started their farewell tour on 4 October 1968 in Oakland, California<ref name="Crossroads" /> and 15 days later on 19 October the group performed at The Forum in Los Angeles where the three live recordings on Goodbye were recorded with Felix Pappalardi and engineers Adrian Barber and Bill Halverson.<ref name="notes" /> Just after their farewell tour concluded in November (and just prior to the final Royal Albert Hall show on 26 Nov), Cream recorded three songs over three days at Wally Heider Studios in Los Angeles with producer Felix Pappalardi and engineer Damon Lyon-Shaw, with overdubs at IBC Studios in London a month later. Each of the three songs was penned by a different member of the band. To augment the sound, the songs "Badge" and "Doing That Scrapyard Thing" featured Eric Clapton playing guitar through the Leslie speaker of a Hammond organ,<ref name="Crossroads" /> while all three recordings featured keyboard instruments played by either Jack Bruce or Felix Pappalardi.<ref name="notes" /> Present at the Wally Heider sessions on 21 November was George Harrison, credited on the album sleeve for contractual reasons as "L'Angelo Misterioso", who contributed rhythm guitar to "Badge", the song he co-wrote with Clapton.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In a 1969 Rolling Stone interview, producer Phil Spector told a possibly apocryphal story about how Atlantic Records head Ahmet Ertegun caused the album to happen: "Like the Cream are breakin' up, and he said, 'like man you have to do a final album for me.' They said, 'Why man, we hate each other,' or somethin' like that. Ahmet said, 'Oh no man, you have to do one more album for me. Jerry Wexler has cancer, and he’s dyin' and he wants to hear one more album from you.' So they go in, make the album and he says, 'Like man, Jerry Wexler isn’t dyin', he’s much better, he’s improved.'”<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Compiling, artwork, and packaging

The original plan for Goodbye was to make it a double album, with one disc featuring studio recordings and the other with live performances, like Wheels of Fire. With a lack of quality material on hand, however, the album was only one disc with three live recordings and three studio recordings.<ref name="Crossroads" />

The original LP release of the album was packaged in a gatefold sleeve with art direction handled by Haig Adishian. The outer sleeve featured photography by Roger Phillips with a cover design by Alan Aldridge Ink Studios featuring the group doing a showbiz soft shuffle with top hats and silver silk tails, while the inner sleeve featured an illustration of a cemetery by Roger Hane that had the song titles on tombstones.<ref>Template:Cite AV media notes</ref> A compact disc reissue of the album for the Cream Remasters series in 1998 featured an inlay photograph and had the inner-sleeve illustration in the liner notes of the album.<ref name="notes" />

Release

Goodbye was released on 5 February 1969 by Atco Records in the United States, debuting in the Billboard chart on 15 February<ref name="Joel Whitburn's Online Record Research">Template:Cite web</ref> and a month later in Europe by Polydor Records. It debuted at No. 1 in the United Kingdom on 15 March, staying in that position for four non-consecutive weeks,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and peaked at No. 2 in the United States. A single, "Badge", was released from the album a month later and hit No. 18 on the UK charts. Interest in the now-defunct group was so intense at this point that the album's release pushed two of the group's earlier albums, Fresh Cream and Disraeli Gears, to both peak at No. 7 on the UK chart in late February 1969.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Critical reception

Template:Album ratings The album was received well by New Musical Express, whose Nick Logan wrote an article-long review discussing each track. He praised the version of "I'm So Glad" for "being as good as they've ever done it and suffice to say the musicianship is stunning", called "Badge" "compelling listening", and pinpointed "What a Bringdown" as Jack Bruce's favorite of the studio tracks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Melody Maker wrote: "no drum solos on this one, but all three are in superb form".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Record Mirror was slightly less enthusiastic, calling the album "a worthwhile souvenir though nothing superastonishing to fill us with desperate regrets it's all over", and naming "What a Bringdown" as the best track and "a mild knockout".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In the United States, Cashbox penned a short review, which simply stated that "the group has a reservation for the charts with this set, and should claim it in short order".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In a contemporary review for Rolling Stone, music critic Ray Rezos felt Cream deserved to depart with a better album. He wrote that most of the live songs sounded inferior to the original recordings and that the studio tracks were marred by the same flaw as on Wheels of Fire, namely the presence of blues playing on songs whose compositions were not blues in his opinion.<ref name="RS">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Nonetheless, Goodbye was voted the 148th best rock album of all time in Paul Gambaccini's 1978 poll of 50 prominent American and English rock critics, issued as the book Critic's Choice: Top 200 Albums.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

In a retrospective review for AllMusic, senior editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine called Goodbye a work of "hard, heavy rock" and "strong moments" rather than cohesiveness, with live music that is generally better than on Wheels of Fire and a side of studio recordings that also found Cream "at something of a peak".<ref name="AM"/> Robert Christgau also reacted favourably to the album, citing it as his favourite record from the group.<ref name="Christgau">Template:Cite web</ref> J. D. Considine was less impressed in The Rolling Stone Album Guide (1992), deeming Goodbye an incomplete record with "exquisite studio work" but mediocre live performances.<ref name="Considine"/>

Track listing

• Sides one and two were combined as tracks 1–6 on CD reissues.

Notes:

• [1–3] recorded live at The Forum, Los Angeles, 19 October 1968.
• Original pressings of the album (as well as the single) list composer credit on "Badge" to Clapton alone.
• "Anyone for Tennis" was originally released as a non-album single, as well as by Atco on the soundtrack album to the film The Savage Seven (catalogue no. SD 33-245, 1968). The song was subsequently sometimes included on pressings of Wheels of Fire (1968) and later pressings of Goodbye by Polydor.

Personnel

Cream

• Ginger BakerTemplate:Snddrums Template:Small, backing vocals Template:Small, percussion Template:Small
• Jack BruceTemplate:Sndbass guitar Template:Small, lead vocals Template:Small, piano Template:Small, organ Template:Small
• Eric ClaptonTemplate:Sndguitars Template:Small, lead vocals Template:Small backing vocals Template:Small

Additional musicians

• L'Angelo Misterioso (George Harrison)Template:Sndrhythm guitar Template:Small
• Felix PappalardiTemplate:Sndpiano Template:Small, Mellotron Template:Small, bass Template:Small

Recording

• EngineersTemplate:SndBill Halverson, Adrian Barber, Damon Lyon-Shaw

Charts

Template:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chartTemplate:Album chart

Chart (1969–1970)	Peak position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)<ref name=AUS>Template:Cite book</ref>	6
Finnish Albums (Suomen Virallinen)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	3
French Albums (SNEP)<ref>Template:Cite web Select Cream from the menu, then press OK.</ref>	3