Grays, Essex

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Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox UK place Grays (or Grays Thurrock)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> is the largest town in the borough and unitary authority area of Thurrock, in the ceremonial county of Essex, England. The town, which is both a former civil parish and one of Thurrock's traditional Church of England parishes, is located on the north bank of the River Thames.

It is approximately Template:Convert to the east of central London, and Template:Convert east of the M25 motorway. Its economy is linked to Port of London industries, its own offices, retail and the Lakeside Shopping Centre at West Thurrock.

History

Archaeological evidence indicates that the area now occupied by Grays has been inhabited by humans since the Palaeolithic period.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Samuel Pepys recorded in his diary that he visited Grays on 24 September 1665 and apparently bought fish from the local fishermen.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Parts of Grays and Chafford Hundred are set within three Victorian chalk pits; the largest two are the Lion Gorge and the Warren Gorge. Another area of the Chafford Hundred residential development is built on a Victorian landfill site.

In 1931 the parish had a population of 18,173.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On 1 April 1936 the parish was abolished to form Thurrock.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Thurrock Town Hall on New Road in Grays was built in the 1980s;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> work on an extension began in January 2020.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 23 October 2019, the bodies of 39 people were found in the back of a lorry at Waterglade Industrial Park in Eastern Avenue. They are believed to have been victims of human trafficking, or migrants being smuggled into Britain. The vehicle, registered in Bulgaria, was thought to have travelled to the UK through Purfleet from Zeebrugge. A 25-year-old lorry driver from Northern Ireland was arrested by Essex Police on suspicion of murder<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and pleaded guilty to manslaughter in April 2020.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Essex Police launched an investigation afterwards and the lorry was moved to the nearby Port of Tilbury.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It is the biggest murder investigation in the history of Essex police. On 26 May 2020, a total of 26 further suspects, most of them Vietnamese nationals, were arrested in Belgium and France.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Origin of the name

The origin of the name "Grays Thurrock" comes in two parts. Thurrock is a Saxon name meaning "the bottom of a ship".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The element "Grays" comes from Henry de Grai, a descendant of the Norman knight Anchetil de Greye,Template:Citation required who was granted the manor of Grays Thurrock in 1195 by Richard I.

Geography

Grays contains the wards and residential areas of Grays Riverside, Grays Thurrock, Stifford Clays, Little Thurrock Blackshots, Little Thurrock Rectory and Chadwell St Mary.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Parts of Chafford Hundred and North and South Stifford are also in Grays.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The nearest places to Grays are:

Landmarks

  • Thameside Theatre
    Thameside Theatre
  • Grays Beach with the Tilbury Docks in the background
    Grays Beach with the Tilbury Docks in the background
  • The Dell
    The Dell
  • Thurrock Yacht Club
    Thurrock Yacht Club
  • The State Cinema
    The State Cinema
  • Beginning of the Derby Road Bridge
    Beginning of the Derby Road Bridge
A map of the town from 1946

Local sites of interest include the Thameside Theatre, the Thurrock History Museum, Grays Beach, The White Hart, and the former State Cinema.

The Dell was one of the earliest houses in Britain to be built of concrete.<ref name=wallace-website>Template:Cite web</ref> It was built on the instructions of Alfred Russel Wallace, who lived in the town from 1872 until 1876.

From the top of the Derby Road Bridge in Grays one can look down to Thurrock Yacht Club, Grays Beach children's playground and the River Thames.

As well as Thurrock Yacht Club, Grays Beach is the site of the local landmark The Gull, a lightship built in 1860, which has lain on the foreshore for decades and is now in a serious state of dilapidation. The light from The Gull has now been removed, restored and installed on the foreshore of the yacht club.

The Thameside Theatre was built in 1971 and is the only theatre in Thurrock.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In July 2021 Thurrock Council declared it to be surplus to budget requirements and announced plans for its closure.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Labour opposition in the council opposed the plans and an online petition calling for its preservation was signed by over 1000 residents.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Grays native Russell Brand gave his support to saving the theatre on an Instagram post and pledged to perform a show there to help prevent its closure.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In January 2022 Thurrock Council announced that they supported a counter proposal that will see the theatre remain open under community ownership.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> A group dedicated to saving the theatre began negotiating with the council, and had to provide it with an affordable business plan for the theatre by 13 July 2022.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, after an unnamed organisation expressed interest in buying the theatre, the council has delayed the deadline to September to allow it to put forward an alternative business plan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The town is approximately Template:Convert to the east of London on the north bank of the River Thames and Template:Convert east of the M25 motorway. Its economy is linked to Port of London industries, its own offices, retail and Lakeside, West Thurrock. Its variously used riverside (from homes through wild bird-habitat marshland to importation, storage and distribution) faces Broadness Lighthouse in Kent.<ref name="os">Grid square map Template:Webarchive Ordnance survey website</ref>

Education

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Primary education

Primary schools in Grays include:

Quarry Hill Primary and Pre School and Thameside Primary School were formed from the amalgamations of failing infant and junior schools.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Since then, both schools have received favourable grades from education watchdog Ofsted.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Belmont Castle Academy was renamed in honour of Belmont Castle, a demolished gothic mansion that was located on the school site.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Gateway Primary Free School is situated on the site of Gateway Academy,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and is the only primary school with free school status in Grays.

A Christian private school, The Light Christian School, opened in Grays in 2025.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Secondary education

Secondary schools in Grays include:

Since 2007, all of these schools have had specialist school status.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Gateway Academy and Hathaway Academy have specialisms in the arts. In the case of Hathaway Academy, these include digital media and the performing arts.<ref name=":22">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="web.archive.org">Template:Cite web</ref> Gateway Academy also specialises in design and engineering.<ref name=":22" /> William Edwards School and Orsett Heath Academy share a sports specialism,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> with both schools utilising the ability to admit 10% of their intake by academic aptitude in this subject,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> an ability granted to all sport specialist schools.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Grays Convent High School maintains a language specialism<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Thames Park Secondary School has specialisms in artificial intelligence and digital technology.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref>

Gateway Academy was formed in 2003 from a fresh start merger of Torells School in Grays and St Chad's School in Tilbury.<ref name=":12">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":11">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":13">Template:Cite web</ref> The Torells School site has since been demolished and replaced by the sites of two special schools, Treetops School and Treetops Free School.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Comedian Joe Pasquale and Olympic medallist Fatima Whitbread both attended Torells School.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Whitbread 152">Template:Cite book</ref> Footballers Chris Cohen and Max Porter went to William Edwards School.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":3">Template:Cite web</ref> Actor, YouTuber and comedian Russell Brand attended the Grays School, making his acting debut at one of the school's Bugsy Malone productions.<ref>Brand, Russell, "My Booky Wook", Hodder & Stoughton, 2007</ref> Grays Convent High School was attended by journalist and former Thurrock MP candidate Polly Billington and runner Jessica Judd.<ref name=":4">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":5">Template:Cite web</ref>

All of these schools are coeducational academies or free schools, with the exception of Grays Convent High School, which is instead a voluntary aided Catholic school for girls.

Further education

A sixth form was operated by Gateway Academy before 2014, but it closed that year.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2011, Ofsted deemed the sixth form as satisfactory, which meant it required improvement. This was primarily because of concerns over the number of students dropping out, which was above average.<ref name=":22" /> Hathaway Academy intended to open a sixth form some time before the 2014/2015 academic year,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> but this never came to fruition.

Thurrock Technical College opened in 1952 on Dell Road. Between 1954 and 1957 the college was based in parts of the site of Grays County Technical High School (which would become Grays School) and Grays Hall. In 1960 it reopened on Woodview Road, later establishing a second campus in Aveley.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The college later merged with Basildon College to form Thurrock and Basildon College, with the Woodview Campus remaining in operation. The college then amalgamated with South East Essex College of Arts and Technology in 2010, forming South Essex College.<ref>Welcome to the College Template:Webarchive, South Essex College, UK.</ref> The Thurrock Campus relocated from Woodview Road to a new complex in Grays town centre in September 2014.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The local sixth form college is USP College Palmer's Campus.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Palmer's dates back to 1706, when the merchant William Palmer founded a charity school for "ten poore children" of the parish of Grays Essex. The school was located in the local churchyard and evolved into a boys' school. In response to the enactment of the Elementary Education Act 1870, the school reopened on a new site on the hill above the town in 1874. A girls' school opened on the site in 1876.<ref>Herbert Brooks, William Palmer and his School. Being an account of the founder of Palmer's Charity at Grays Thurrock, Essex (Colchester, 1928).</ref> Both schools were grammar schools,<ref>Lord Strang, 'Fifty Years Ago', in J. R. Hayston (ed.), 250 Years on. To commemorate the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the trust deed by which William Palmer endowed in 1706 a school in Grays Thurrock (1956), p. 59. See also Strang's autobiography, Home and abroad (1956)</ref> operating on the same site until 1931, when the girls' school relocated to Chadwell Road.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> From this time, Palmer's became a public school. This meant that students were no longer admitted on academic performance regardless of background and were instead admitted by fee. This was reversed in 1944, however wealthier students were still prioritised, even if they failed the 11+ exam required for enrolment. In 1971 the girls' school began its conversion into a sixth form college,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> reopening as Palmer's College in 1972 after it amalgamated with the boys' school and Aveley County Technical High School. The college merged with Seevic College in August 2017, forming USP College.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

There is also Thurrock Adult Community College which is located in multiple venues and community hubs across Thurrock and used to be based from Richmond Road in Grays.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Transport

Grays has good road links, being close to the A13 road and the M25 motorway. The A126 London Road is the main road which links Grays town centre with Lakeside Shopping Centre, Purfleet and Tilbury.

Grays railway station runs through the centre of the built-up core and is served by c2c services to London Fenchurch Street to the west and Shoeburyness to the east. The typical journey time into London is 35 minutes.

Grays bus station, outside the railway station, is a hub for most bus services in Thurrock. The bus services are operated by Ensignbus, First Essex and NIBS Buses.

Media

The town is served by BBC London and ITV London with television signals received from Crystal Palace TV transmitter,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> BBC South East and ITV Meridian can also be received from Bluebell Hill TV transmitter.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Local radio stations are BBC Essex, Heart East, Radio Essex, Gateway 97.8,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Thames Delta Radio, a community based radio station.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Thurrock Gazette is the town's local weekly newspaper.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Sports

The area's local football team is Grays Athletic, previously based in Grays but now in nearby Tilbury, which plays non-League football and has won the FA Trophy twice.<ref name=FCHD>Template:Fchd</ref>

Notable people

Actors and authors

Athletes

Politicians and nobility

Singers

Other

Notes

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References

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Further reading

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