Gregor McGregor

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Early life

McGregor was born on 18 October 1848 in Kilmun, Argyll, Scotland. He was the son of Jane and Malcolm McGregor. His father was a gardener, and in 1854 the family moved to County Tyrone, Ireland, where he became the chief gardener to Sir Gerald Aylmer (one of the Aylmer baronets).<ref name=adb>Template:Australian Dictionary of Biography</ref> McGregor left school at a young age to join his father. He later spent two years working as an agricultural labourer in England, and then returned to Scotland to work in the Glasgow shipyards.<ref name=bio>Template:Cite Au Senate</ref>

In 1877, McGregor immigrated to South Australia. He initially worked as an agricultural labourer, and for a period he was employed by Richard Baker, one of his future Senate colleagues.<ref name=bio/> In 1885, McGregor moved to Victoria and found work as a stonemason. He returned to South Australia in 1891 and continued working in the construction industry. He was active in the United Builders' Labourers Society, and in 1892 was elected to the United Trades and Labour Council of South Australia.<ref name=adb/> He also became a justice of the peace.<ref name=bio/>

Early political involvement

In 1893, McGregor became president of the United Political Labor League, a forerunner of the modern Labor Party. He was elected to the South Australian Legislative Council the following year, becoming one of the first members of his party in any Australian parliament.<ref name="SA parl">Template:Cite SA-parl</ref> In the Legislative Council, McGregor advocated for new workers' rights, but was also known for his opposition to South Australian involvement in the Boer War and as "a fervent protectionist who espoused the sanctity of White Australia".<ref name=adb/>

Senate

File:Labor 1901b.jpg

Group photograph of all Labor MPs elected at the inaugural 1901 election, including future prime ministers Chris Watson, Andrew Fisher, and Billy Hughes. McGregor is seated in a chair at front, third from left.

At the inaugural 1901 federal election, McGregor was elected to the Senate as one of six South Australian senators, and the only one from the Labor Party.<ref name=adb/> He was the final senator to be elected, recording only 644 more votes than his nearest opponent, Andrew Kirkpatrick. However, when he was re-elected in 1903 and 1910 he topped the poll, winning more votes than any other South Australian candidate.<ref name=bio/>

When the Labor caucus met for the first time after the 1901 election, McGregor was elected as the party's inaugural Senate leader. His party held the balance of power, and he soon told the Senate that "we are for sale". Chris Watson, Labor's first leader, described McGregor as "a powerful force in our party because of his political sagacity and perfect loyalty". Hugh Mahon said "his memory was phenomenal, his imagination rich and vivid".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> McGregor was Leader of the Government in the Senate and Vice-President of the Executive Council in each of the first three Labor governments – the short-lived Watson government of 1904 and Andrew Fisher's first two governments (1908 to 1909 and 1910 to 1913). As Leader of the Opposition in the Senate from 1913 to 1914, McGregor had an unusual level of influence due to his party holding a majority in the Senate.<ref name=bio/>

In mid-1914, McGregor took leave from parliament due to ill health.<ref name=adb/> He died from a heart condition on 13 August, at his home in Unley. His death came during the 1914 election campaign, and after he had already nominated himself as a candidate. He was given a state funeral and buried at West Terrace Cemetery.<ref name=bio/>

Personal life

McGregor married twice but had no children. His first wife, Julia Anna Steggall, died only a few months after their marriage in 1880. He remarried in 1882 to Sarah Ann Brock (née Ritchie), who was a widow.<ref name=adb/>

McGregor was virtually blind by the time of his death. He experienced a gradual deterioration in his vision, which he attributed to an accident he had shortly after arriving in Australia. By the time he took his seat in the Senate, he could only read in the best lighting conditions, and eventually not at all. He compensated for his blindness with a memory described as "astounding", able to recite lengthy passages perfectly after hearing them read out loud, usually by his mother-in law.<ref>Simms, Marian (ed.) 1901: The forgotten election. University of Queensland Press, Brisbane. Template:ISBN.</ref>

See also

• Hundred of McGregor