HMAS Anzac (FFH 150)
Template:Short description Template:Other ships Template:Use Australian English Template:Use dmy dates
Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship careerTemplate:Infobox ship characteristicsHMAS Anzac (FFH 150) was the lead ship of the Anzac-class frigates in use with the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) and the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN). Entering Australian service in 1996, the frigate operated as part of the INTERFET peacekeeping taskforce in 1999. In 2003, she was involved in the Battle of Al Faw, and became the first RAN ship to fire in anger since the Vietnam War.
In February 2024 it was announced by the Australian Government that HMAS Anzac would not sail again and be the first ship of her class to be decommissioned in the near future, followed by her sister ship Arunta in 2026. HMAS Anzac was decommissioned on 18 May 2024 after 28 years of service.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Design and construction
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The Anzac class originated from RAN plans to replace the six Template:Sclass2s with a mid-capability patrol frigate.<ref name=Jones244>Jones, in Stevens, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 244</ref><ref>Fairall-Lee, Miller, & Murphy, in Forbes, Sea Power, p. 336</ref><ref name=GrazebrookSail/> The Australian shipbuilding industry was thought to be incapable of warship design, so the RAN decided to take a proven foreign design and modify it.<ref name=Jones244/><ref name=GrazebrookSail/> Around the same time, the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) was looking to replace four Template:Sclass frigates; a deterioration in New Zealand-United States relations, the need to improve alliances with nearby nations, and the commonalities between the RAN and RNZN ships' requirements led the two nations to begin collaborating on the acquisition in 1987.<ref>Greener, Timing is everything, pp. 23–9</ref><ref name=Jones245>Jones, in Stevens, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 245</ref> Tenders were requested by the Anzac Ship Project at the end of 1986, with 12 ship designs (including an airship) submitted.<ref name=Jones244/><ref name=Greener30>Greener, Timing is everything, p. 30</ref> By August 1987, the tenders were narrowed down in October to Blohm + Voss's MEKO 200 design, the M class (later Template:Sclass) offered by Royal Schelde, and a scaled-down Type 23 frigate proposed by Yarrow Shipbuilders.<ref name=Jones245/><ref name=Greener31>Greener, Timing is everything, p. 31</ref> In 1989, the Australian government announced that Melbourne-based shipbuilder AMECON (which became Tenix Defence) would build the modified MEKO 200 design.<ref name=GrazebrookSail>Grazebrook, Anzac frigates sail diverging courses</ref><ref name=Jones245/><ref name=Greener31/> The Australians ordered eight ships, while New Zealand ordered two, with an unexercised option for two more.<ref name=Wertheim20>Wertheim (ed.), The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World, p. 20</ref><ref>Greener, Timing is everything, pp. 43–4</ref>
The Anzacs are based on Blohm + Voss' MEKO 200 PN (or Template:Sclass) frigates, modified to meet Australian and New Zealand specifications and maximise the use of locally built equipment.<ref>Wertheim, The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World, pp. 20–1</ref><ref name=GrazebrookSail/> Each frigate has a Template:Convert full load displacement.<ref name=Sharpe25.470>Sharpe (ed.), Jane's Fighting Ships 1998–99, pgs. 25, 470</ref> The ships are Template:Convert long at the waterline, and Template:Convert long overall, with a beam of Template:Convert, and a full load draught of Template:Convert.<ref name=Sharpe25.470/> A Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) propulsion machinery layout is used, with a single, Template:Convert General Electric LM2500-30 gas turbine and two Template:Convert MTU 12V1163 TB83 diesel engines driving the ship's two controllable-pitch propellers.<ref name=Sharpe25.470/><ref name=GrazebrookSail/> Maximum speed is Template:Convert, and maximum range is over Template:Convert at Template:Convert; about 50% greater than other MEKO 200 designs.<ref name=Sharpe25.470/><ref name=GrazebrookSail/><ref name=Wertheim21>Wertheim, The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World, pp. 21</ref> The standard ship's company of an Anzac consists of 22 officers and 141 sailors.<ref name=Sharpe25.470/>
As designed, the main armament for the frigate is a 5-inch 54 calibre Mark 45 gun, supplemented by an eight-cell Mark 41 vertical launch system (for RIM-7 Sea Sparrow or RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow missiles), two Template:Convert machine guns, and two Mark 32 triple torpedo tube sets (initially firing Mark 46 torpedoes, but later upgraded to use the MU90 Impact torpedo).<ref name=Sharpe25.470/><ref name=GrazebrookSail/><ref name=FishGrevatt>Fish & Grevatt, Australia's HMAS Toowoomba test fires MU90 torpedo</ref> They were also designed for but not with a Mark 15 Phalanx close-in weapons system (two Mini Typhoons fitted when required from 2005 onwards), two quad-canister Harpoon anti-ship missile launchers (which were installed across the RAN vessels from 2005 onwards), and a second 8-cell Mark 41 VLS (which has not been added).<ref name=GrazebrookSail/><ref name=Scott05>Scott, Updating ANZACs to meet changed strategic posture</ref><ref name=ScottEnhanced>Scott, Enhanced small-calibre systems offer shipborne stopping power</ref> The Australian Anzacs used a single Sikorsky S-70B-2 Seahawk helicopter; plans to replace them with Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprites were cancelled in 2008 due to ongoing problems.<ref name=GrazebrookSail/><ref name=Grevatt>Grevatt, Australia cancels troubled Super Seasprite programme</ref><ref name=Forbes>Forbes, How a helicopter deal flew into trouble</ref> Instead, the S-70B-2 was replaced with the Sikorsky MH-60R Seahawk by late 2017.
Anzac was laid down at Williamstown Dockyard on 5 November 1993.<ref name=Wertheim20/> The ship was assembled from six hull modules and six superstructure modules, but unlike later ships in the class, which had modules fabricated at three sites, Anzac was built entirely at Williamstown.<ref name=GrazebrookSail/> The frigate was launched on 16 September 1994 by Army nurse Vivian Statham.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic>Perryman & Djokovic, Ships Named Anzac</ref> Anzac was commissioned into the RAN at Station Pier in Melbourne on 18 May 1996.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/> The ship's name is in recognition of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZACs) and their service during World War I.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/>
Operational history
In October 1997, Anzac conducted Operation Dirk supported by HMAS Westralia targeting illegal fishing vessels in the Southern Ocean catching the Patagonian toothfish around Heard Island and McDonald Islands in the Australian Fisheries Zone with the Salvora and the Aliza Glacial apprehended boarded by Clearance divers.Template:Sfn<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/>
Anzac was deployed to East Timor as part of the Australian-led INTERFET peacekeeping taskforce from 19 to 29 September 1999.<ref>Stevens, Strength Through Diversity, p. 15</ref> The ship was later awarded the battle honour "East Timor 1999" in recognition of this deployment.<ref name=newhonours>Royal Australian Navy, Navy Marks 109th Birthday With Historic Changes To Battle Honours</ref><ref name=honourslist>Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian Navy Ship/Unit Battle Honours</ref>
29 October 2000 HMAS Anzac rendezvoused with CSIRO Research Vessel RV Franklin 300 nm west of Fremantle after answering a Mayday call during a port visit to Albany. In treacherous weather including, a six metre swell,40 knot winds and fading light HMAS Anzac launched a RHIB (Rigid Hulled Inflatable Boat) and transferred a medical team to RV Franklin to stabilise the patient and transfer back to the Anzac. The patient was transferred by helicopter the next day back to Perth when Anzac reached aircraft range. Anzac had embarked a news crew from GWN at Albany and Anzac crew were able to film some of the rescue. The medical team and Boat crew received a Maritime Commanders Commendation. The Boat crew also received a CN commendation.<refhttps://www.aph.gov.au/~/media/Estimates/Live/fadt_ctte/estimates/add_0001/def/ans-def-q39b-tables-feb01.ashx/>
Between 2001 and 2003, Anzac was deployed to the Persian Gulf on three occasions.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/>
Anzac was deployed to the Persian Gulf for the third time from February until May 2003, as part of Operation Falconer.<ref name=unitcitation>Operation Falconer (Iraq), HMAS Anzac, in It's an Honour</ref> On 21 March 2003, Anzac provided naval gunfire support during the Battle of Al Faw.<ref name=Wheeler>Wheeler, Five inch Friday</ref> The intent of the assault was to capture the Al Faw Peninsula before Iraqi forces could sabotage the two major oil terminals in the area.<ref name=Wheeler/> The frigate began her first fire support mission at 06:04 on 21 March (the first time a RAN ship had fired in anger in 31 years) and completed seven fire missions over a three-day period.<ref name=Wheeler/> The frigate received the Meritorious Unit Citation on 27 November 2003 for her service during this deployment.<ref name=unitcitation/> In March 2010, Anzac was awarded the battle honours "Persian Gulf 2001–03" and "Iraq 2003".<ref name=newhonours/><ref name=honourslist/>
_is_underway_alongside_a_dhow_in_the_Gulf_of_Aden..jpg){kind=link}
In 2005, Anzac participated in a Northern Trident deployment: a round-the-world voyage intended as a flag-showing cruise to the northern hemisphere.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/> As part of this deployment, Anzac was involved in ceremonies for the 90th anniversary of the Gallipoli landings, and participated in the fleet review for the bicentenary of the Battle of Trafalgar.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/>
On the morning of 13 March 2009, Anzac was one of seventeen warships involved in a ceremonial fleet entry and fleet review in Sydney Harbour, the largest collection of RAN ships since the Australian Bicentenary in 1988.<ref>Brooke, Marching into History</ref> The frigate was one of the thirteen ships involved in the ceremonial entry through Sydney Heads, and anchored in the harbour for the review.
Anzac was assigned to Rotation 29 of Operation Slipper from July 2012 to January 2013 as part of the International Coalition Against Terrorism (ICAT), and which included counter-piracy in the Arabian Sea region and elsewhere.Template:Citation needed
_at_Australian_Marine_Complex,_Henderson,_February_2024_03.jpg){kind=link}
During 2014, Anzac was the third ship of the class to undergo the Anti-Ship Missile Defence (ASMD) upgrade.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/> The upgrade occurred across 2014 and early 2015, the upgrade included the fitting of CEA Technologies' CEAFAR and CEAMOUNT phased array radars, on new masts, a Vampir NG Infrared Search and Track system, and Sharpeye Navigational Radar Systems, along with improvements to the operations room equipment and layout.<ref name=thenavy16.17>ASMD Upgrade commences on Perth, in The Navy</ref>
Between March and October 2015, Anzac sailed on a second Northern Trident deployment.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/><ref name=StaplesParoz>Staples & Paroz, Anzac sets sail for Gallipoli</ref><ref name=ParozReturn>Paroz, HMAS Anzac returns from NORTHERN TRIDENT 2015</ref> The Template:Convert circumnavigation included port visits to 11 countries and participation in commemorative services for the Gallipoli and Normandy landings.<ref name=StaplesParoz/><ref name=ParozReturn/>
Anzac has received freedom of entry to the city of Albany, Western Australia:Template:When Albany was the port the first convoy of the ANZACs departed Australia from.<ref name=PerrymanDjokovic/>
In February 2024 it was announced that Anzac was due to decommission in 2024, the first of her class, to free up funding for a future enlargement of the RAN. Her sister ship, Arunta, is scheduled to be decommissioned in 2026 while the remainder of the class would not receive any more major upgrades.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On 18 May 2024, a decommissioning ceremony was held for Anzac at HMAS Stirling.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>News in brief Ships Monthly July 2024 page 14</ref>
Citations
References
- Books
- Template:Cite book
- Template:Cite book
- Template:Cite book
- Template:Cite book
- Template:Cite book
- Template:Cite book
- Template:Cite book
- Journal articles
- Template:Cite journal
- Template:Cite journal
- Template:Cite journal
- Template:Cite journal
- Template:Cite journal
- Template:Cite journal
- News articles
- Template:Cite news
- Template:Cite news
- Template:Cite news
- Template:Cite news
- Template:Cite news
- Template:Cite news
- Template:Cite journal
- Websites and other sources
- {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}
- {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}
External links
Template:Portal bar Template:Royal Australian Navy Template:Military navigation