Hangul consonant and vowel tables

Template:Short description Template:More citation needed The following tables of consonants and vowels (jamo) of the Korean alphabet (Hangul) display (in blue) the basic forms in the first row and their derivatives in the following row(s). They are divided into initials (leading consonants), vowels (middle), and finals tables (trailing consonants).

The jamo shown below are individually romanized according to the Revised Romanization of Hangeul (RR Transliteration), which is a system of transliteration rules between the Korean and Roman alphabets, originating from South Korea. However, the tables below are not sufficient for normal transcription of the Korean language as the overarching Revised Romanization of Korean system takes contextual sound changes into account.

Leading consonants

Called choseong, or "initials", there are 19 initial consonants, whereof one (ㅇ) is silent, and five (ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ) are doubled:

Basic jamo	Hangul	ㄱ	ㄴ	ㄷ	ㄹ	ㅁ	ㅂ	ㅅ	ㅇ	ㅈ	ㅊ	ㅋ	ㅌ	ㅍ	ㅎ
	RR	g/k	n	d	r/l	m	b	s	-/ng	j	ch	k	t	p	h
Composite	Hangul	ㄲ		ㄸ			ㅃ	ㅆ		ㅉ
	RR	kk		tt			pp	ss		jj

Medial vowels

Called jungseong, or "vowels", there are 21 medial vowels:

		Basic form						+e/i
Basic jamo	Hangul	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅗ	ㅜ	ㅡ	ㅣ	ㅐ	ㅔ	ㅚ	ㅟ	ㅢ
	RR	a	eo	o	u	eu	i	ae	e	oe	wi	ui
y+	Hangul	ㅑ	ㅕ	ㅛ	ㅠ			ㅒ	ㅖ
	RR	ya	yeo	yo	yu			yae	ye
w+	Hangul	ㅘ	ㅝ					ㅙ	ㅞ
	RR	wa	wo					wae	we

Trailing consonants

Called jongseong, or "finals", there are 27 final consonants; with the additional case of no final consonant, there is a total of 28 possibilities:

Basic jamo	Hangul	ㄱ	ㄴ	ㄷ	ㄹ	ㅁ	ㅂ	ㅅ	ㅇ	ㅈ	ㅊ	ㅋ	ㅌ	ㅍ	ㅎ
	RR	g	n	d	r/l	m	b	s	ng	j	ch	k	t	p	h
Composite	Hangul	ㄲ	ㄵ		ㄺ		ㅄ	ㅆ
	RR	kk	nj		lg		bs	ss
	Hangul	ㄳ	ㄶ		ㄻ
	RR	gs	nh		lm
	Hangul				ㄼ
	RR				lb
	Hangul				ㄽ
	RR				ls
	Hangul				ㄾ
	RR				lt
	Hangul				ㄿ
	RR				lp
	Hangul				ㅀ
	RR				lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words (like alphabetical sorting). The North and South differ on (a) the treatment of composite jamo consonants in syllable-leading (choseong) and -trailing (jongseong) position, and (b) on the treatment of composite jamo vowels in syllable-medial (jungseong) position.

This first sequence is official in South Korea (and is the basic binary order of codepoints in Unicode):

South Korean collation

Principle	Sort every composite jamo grouped after their leading single jamo
Initial consonants	ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
Vowels	ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ
Final consonants	ㄱ ㄲ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

Sequences of this second type are common in North Korea:

North Korean collation

Principle	Initial consonants: All single jamo (except ieung ㅇ) before all doubled jamo; ieung after the doubled jamo Vowels: All single jamo before all composite jamo; for composite jamo, all digraphs before all trigraphs; for digraphs, the ones ending in ㅣ precede others. Final consonants: Doubled jamo after single and composite jamo
Initial consonants	ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ㅇ
Vowels	ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ
Final consonants	ㄱ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㅆ

Hangul syllabic blocks

Template:Redirect Template:See also With 19 possible initial consonants, 21 possible vowels, and 28 possible final consonants (of which one corresponds to the case of no final consonant), there are a total of 19 × 21 × 28 = 11,172 theoretically possible "Korean syllabic blocks",<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which are contiguously encoded in the 11,172 Unicode code points from U+AC00 through U+D7A3 in the Hangul Syllables Unicode block. However, the majority of these theoretically possible syllabic blocks do not correspond to syllabic blocks found in actual Korean words or proper names.

Jump to tables with initial letter: {{#invoke:Hangul|TOC}} {{#invoke:Hangul|all_syllables}}

See also

• Korean alphabet
• List of Hangul jamo

References

Sources

• Template:Cite book