Hawker 800
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The Hawker 800 is a mid-size twinjet corporate aircraft. It is a development of the British Aerospace 125, and was assembled by Hawker Beechcraft.
Development
In April 1981, the British Aerospace (BAe) board sanctioned the programme to improve the British Aerospace 125-700 series. By May 1983 the new aircraft was ready for its first test flight.
The BAe 125-800 series has a number of modifications and changes over the 700, the most noticeable being the redesigned cockpit windscreen. Accompanying this are a modified rear fuselage fairing, as well as a glass cockpit and uprated (from 3,700 to 4,300 lb thrust) Garrett TFE731-5R-1H engines. British Aerospace incorporated wingtips to reduce drag and improve aerodynamic efficiency.
From the first BAe 125 flight in August 1962, it took nineteen years until the 500th airframe was sold. In about five years, British Aerospace was registering the 200th sale of the 800 series.
In 1994, Raytheon (which bought Beech Aircraft Corporation in 1980) acquired BAe Corporate Jets. The new entity was known as Raytheon Aircraft. In March 2007, Raytheon divested its aircraft manufacturing business to Hawker Beechcraft Corp., a company formed and controlled by GS Capital Partners and Onex Partners of Canada.
The final version was the Hawker 850XP, which was certified for operation in March 2006. The 850XP is identical to the 800XP except that it includes winglets, which have extended its operating range by Template:Convert. This version also incorporates upgraded avionics and a redesigned interior. The Hawker 850XP essentially fills the gap left behind by the Hawker 1000 when production of that aircraft ceased. In 2006, its unit cost was $13,786,100.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In October 2006, two new variants were announced:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- The Hawker 750, in which the ventral fuel tank is replaced by an externally accessed baggage pannier, which reduces range slightly.
- The Template:Visible anchor, using new Honeywell TFE731-50BR engines for increased range. In 2012, its unit cost was US$ 16.07 million.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
After the 2013 bankruptcy of Hawker Beechcraft, the surviving company, Beechcraft, discontinued its business jet range, including the 800 series.
By 2018, a 1980s-era 700s was priced for less than $500,000, a 1995 800A at $1.02 million and a 2012 900XP at $6 million.<ref name=AINdec2018>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
Design
The Hawker 800 was similar to most modern airframes in allowing sub-assemblies to be constructed away from the final point of manufacture. The fuselage sections, wings and control surfaces were manufactured and assembled in the United Kingdom in a combination of Hawker Beechcraft's own facility and those owned by Airbus UK, which inherited much of BAE Systems's civil aircraft manufacturing capacity. These sections are partially fitted out and installed with control surfacing and major systems before being shipped to Hawker Beechcraft's main manufacturing site in Wichita, Kansas for final assembly, fitting out and testing.
Military variants
Template:Update Japan uses (as of 2008) a maritime search and rescue variant of the Hawker 800. It is designated U-125A in Japan Air Self-Defense Force service. This variant has large observation windows, a flare and marker-buoy dispenser system, a life-raft and emergency equipment dropping system, and enhanced salt water corrosion prevention. The aircraft also has a Toshiba 360-degree search radar, Melco thermal imaging equipment, and other military communications equipment for its mission.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
A military version of the Hawker 800XP is (as of 2008) in use by South Korea for tactical aerial reconnaissance, surveillance and SIGINT (SIGnals INTelligence) tasks, and 8 specially equipped aircraft were delivered in 2000. The Republic of Korea Air Force calls them RC-800s, and they are based at Seoul Air Base.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Variants
- Hawker 750
With 48 built, this lower-cost, lighter-weight and shorter-range version of the 800XP competes with the Citation XLS and Learjet 60. In November 2017, used prices range from $2.2 million for early 2008 models to 3.8 million for late 2011 models. Its larger Template:Cvt cabin is typically configured with eight seats in double club or a four chair club followed by a three-place divan facing a single seat, and is pressurized by Template:Cvt to provide a Template:Cvt cabin altitude at FL 410. Its Template:Cvt ventral fuel tank is replaced with a Template:Cvt external baggage compartment, leaving Template:Cvt of fuel in the wet wings. The cockpit has four-screen Rockwell Collins Pro Line 21 avionics and FMS-6000.<ref name=BCA21nov2017/> It takes off in Template:Cvt at MTOW/Sea level. With a 20° quarter chord wing sweep, its maximum speed is Mach 0.80, it cruises at Mach 0.74 to 0.78 and long-range cruise is Mach 0.70 at Template:Cvt per hour midweight. First hour fuel burn is Template:Cvt, second hour is Template:Cvt for subsequent hours.<ref name=BCA21nov2017/> B-checks are every 800 h, C-checks every 1,600 h and D-checks every 3,200 h and there are yearly maintenance checks. The landing gear is overhauled every 12 years. Its Template:Cvt Honeywell TFE731-5BR have 2,100 h Template:Abbr and 4,200 h Template:Abbr inspection intervals, extendable to 2,500 h / 5,000 h with optional service bulletins, and MSP per engine.<ref name=BCA21nov2017>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Hawker 800
- Hawker 800XP
Able to fly nine passengers over 2,400 nmi, 475 Hawker 800XP have been sold for $10–13.5 million between 1995 and 2005.
- Hawker 800XP Pro Line
- Hawker 800XPi
- Hawker 850XP
- Hawker 900XP
- U-125
- RC-800
- C-29
Operators
Civil operators
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The aircraft is operated by private individuals, companies and executive charter operators, and in fractional ownership programs.
Military operators
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- Japan Air Self-Defense Force<ref name="World Air Forces 2020">Template:Cite web</ref>
- Mozambique Air Force<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
- Pakistan Navy<ref name="World Air Forces 2020"/>
- Republic of Korea Air Force<ref name="World Air Forces 2020"/>
Accidents and incidents
- 31 July 2008: A Hawker 800 registered as N818MV and operating as East Coast Jets Flight 81, crashed while attempting a go-around at Owatonna Degner Regional Airport near Owatonna, Minnesota, killing all eight passengers and crew on board.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The aircraft was manufactured in 1991, and East Coast Jets began operating it in June 2003. The NTSB determined the probable cause of the accident was the captain’s decision to attempt a go-around late in the landing roll with insufficient runway remaining. Contributing to the accident were (1) the pilots’ poor crew coordination and lack of cockpit discipline; (2) fatigue, which likely impaired both pilots’ performance; and (3) the failure of the FAA to require crew resource management training and standard operating procedures for Part 135 operators.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 10 November 2015: A Hawker 800 operating as ExecuFlight Flight 1526 crashed into an apartment complex in Akron, Ohio shortly before 15:00 EST in rainy weather while on approach to Akron Fulton International Airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Witnesses reported hearing a loud explosion, and seeing smoke/flames as the crash occurred. All nine occupants of the aircraft, including both pilots, were killed.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The National Transportation Safety Board reported the crash was caused by pilot error, operational issues within the charter company, and deficiencies in the FAA's oversight (operations inspections) of the charter operator.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- 20 December 2020: A Hawker 800XP crashed near Farmingdale, New York. At 8:35 p.m. EST the aircraft faced substantial damage; the captain sustained minor injuries, and the first officer was seriously injured. The plane was a Part 91 business flight operated by Talon Air, LLC as a Title 14 CFR.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 21 February 2022: A Hawker 800XP skidded off Runway 33 at Aspen-Pitkin County Airport (ASE) due to aborted takeoff due to lack of control pressure. Four passengers and two pilots were not injured. <ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- 7 February 2024: A Hawker 900XP crashed in Grand County, Utah near the Utah-Colorado border after takeoff from Grand Junction Regional Airport. The two pilots were killed.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The aircraft was owned by Vici Aviation LLC and operated by Clay Lacy Aviation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- October 16, 2025:A Hawker 800 crashed in the Rose Lake State Wildlife Research Area, outside of Lansing, Michigan, killing all three on board. <ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The aircraft had received some maintenance work at Kellogg Field in Battle Creek, Michigan, and was reportedly undergoing testing when it crashed. <ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Specifications (Hawker 800)
See also
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References
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Gunston, Bill. Hawker: The story of the 125. (Airworthy Publications International Limited, 1996, Template:ISBN)
External links
- Hawker Official product page
- Farnborough 2012 Day 3 News Aviation Week pp52–53 tells the history of the 125/800
- Hawker 800XP Jet specifications and performance data
Template:Hawker Beechcraft aircraft Template:US transport aircraft