Henck Arron

Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox officeholder Henck Alphonsus Eugène Arron (25 April 1936 – 4 December 2000) was a Surinamese politician who served as the first Prime Minister of Suriname after it gained independence in 1975.<ref name="nyt">Template:Cite news</ref> A member of the National Party of Suriname, he served from 24 December 1973 with the transition government, to 25 February 1980. He was overthrown in a coup d'état by the military, led by Dési Bouterse. Released in 1981 after charges of corruption were dropped, he returned to banking, his previous career. In 1987, Arron was elected as Vice President of Suriname and served until another coup in 1990 overthrew the government.

Biography

Arron was born in Paramaribo in 1936. He completed high school in 1956, and moved to the Netherlands to study banking. Arron worked several years at the Amsterdamsche Bank.<ref name="historiek">Template:Cite web</ref> On return to Suriname, he became staff member at the Vervuurts Bank (current name Hakrinbank).<ref name="historiek"/> In late 1963, he became deputy director of the Volkskredietbank (People's Credit Union).<ref name="nu">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1961, Arron became a member of the National Party of Suriname (NPS), the main Creole party.<ref name="historiek"/> In 1970, Arron was chosen as the Chairman of the NPS.<ref name="nu"/> In 1973, he created a coalition which included the pro-independence Nationalist Republican Party (PNR), that won that year's general election.<ref name="historiek"/> On 24 December 1973, Arron became prime minister, and lead the final negotiation for the independence of Suriname.<ref name="nyt"/> The NPS found an ally in the Dutch Labour Party (PvdA) who wanted independence as soon as possible.<ref name="kroniek">Template:Cite web</ref> In February 1974, Arron announced that Suriname would be seeking independence before the end of 1975. Many observers were surprised, as Arron's NPS did not have a majority in favour of independence.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

The Netherlands granted Suriname independence on 25 November 1975.<ref name="historiek"/> The independence was marked by social unrest, economic depression, and rumours of corruption.<ref name="npo">Template:Cite news</ref> Its leaders were accused of fraud in the 1977 elections,<ref name="npo"/> in which Arron won a further term.<ref name="nyt"/> During the first years of independence about one-third of the population emigrated to the Netherlands.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The hastily created Suriname National Army had many non-commissioned officers who tried to unionise<ref name="kroniek"/> complaining about corruption,<ref name="historiek"/> and poor pay.<ref name="kroniek"/> Arron refused to recognise them, and arrested the ringleaders who were to go to trial on 26 February 1980.<ref name="sergeants">Template:Cite web</ref> Also, elections were planned for March of that year. On 25 February,<ref name="kroniek"/> Arron was overthrown and jailed in a coup by the military led by Dési Bouterse.<ref name="nu"/> In 1981, Arron was released under house arrest. A year later, he was selected as managing director of the Surinamese People's Credit Bank.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 1987, the United Nations, Netherlands, France, and United States pressured the military government to negotiate, and Suriname saw a return to democracy.<ref name="historiek"/> That year Arron was elected as Vice President of Suriname (and therefore Chairman of the Council of Ministers), serving from 26 January 1988 to 24 December 1990. Ramsewak Shankar was elected as president. Their government was overthrown in 1990 in another coup by Bouterse and the military.<ref name="nyt"/>

In December 2000, Arron was invited by the Royal Tropical Institute<ref name="historiek"/> to the Netherlands to talk about 25 years of Surinamese independence. On the evening of 4 December, he died at the home of his brother as a result of cardiac arrest.<ref name="nyt"/>

Gallery

• 
  Arron in 1975
• 
  Statue of Arron in Paramaribo

Honours

• Suriname: Grand Cordon (Grootlint), Honorary Order of the Yellow Star (2000)<ref name="historiek"/>

External links

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