Hibachi
Template:Short description Template:Italic title Template:For Template:For Template:Expand Japanese
The Template:Nihongo3 is a traditional Japanese heating device. It is a brazier which is a round, cylindrical, or box-shaped, open-topped container, made from or lined with a heatproof material and designed to hold burning charcoal. It is believed Template:Tlit dates back to the Heian period (794 to 1185).<ref name="Korteman2021">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> They are filled with incombustible ash with charcoal sitting in the center of the ash.<ref name="Dresser1882">Template:Cite book</ref> To handle the charcoal, a pair of metal chopsticks called Template:Nihongo is used, in a way similar to Western fire irons or tongs.<ref name="Hough1928" /> Template:Tlit were originally used for heating, not for cooking.<ref name="Hough1928" /> It heats by radiation,<ref name="Tsujimoto1935A">Template:Cite journal (bibliographic data: [1])</ref> and is too weak to warm a whole room.<ref name="Dresser1882" /> Sometimes, people placed a Template:Nihongo over the Template:Tlit to boil water for tea.<ref name="Hough1928">Template:Cite journal</ref> Later, by the 1900s, some cooking was also done over the Template:Tlit.<ref name="Arnold1904">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp
Traditional Japanese houses were well ventilated (or poorly sealed), so carbon monoxide poisoning or suffocation from carbon dioxide from burning charcoal were of lesser concern.<ref name="Dresser1882" /> Nevertheless, such risks do exist, and proper handling is necessary to avoid accidents.Template:R<ref name="Osaka1940">Template:Cite journal (bibliographic data: [2])</ref> Template:Tlit must never be used in airtight rooms such as those in Western buildings.Template:R
In North America, the term Template:Tlit refers to a small cooking stove heated by charcoal (called a Template:Tlit in Japanese),<ref name="Korteman2021" /> or to an iron hot plate (called a Template:Tlit in Japanese) used in Template:Tlit restaurants.<ref name="Korteman2021" />
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A traditional charcoal Template:Tlit, made c. 1880–1900
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House of the Edo period (Fukagawa Edo Museum)
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Two women and a man warming themselves by a Template:Tlit
See also
- Brazier
- Japanese traditional heating devices:
- Template:Tlit: a kitchen stove
- Template:Tlit: a portable brazier
- Template:Tlit: a mini brazier to light tobacco in Template:Tlit pipes
- Template:Tlit: a covered table over a brazier
- Template:Section link
- Japanese cuisine