Imperial crest of Japan

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The Imperial crest of Japan, most commonly known in English and Japanese as the Template:Nihongo (also known by other names) is the mon, used by the emperor of Japan and members of the Imperial Family.

It is one of the national emblems of Japan and is used in a manner similar to a national coat of arms, e.g., on Japanese passports. The Japanese government uses a different emblem, the 5–7 paulownia crest, which itself is historically also an imperial crest.<ref name="Hawley"></ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Names

The imperial crest is referred to by a number of different names in English. Japanese symbolism developed separately to Western heraldry, and as such Template:Nihongo can be translated in a number of different ways, however most commonly as crest,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> but also as badge, emblem, or coat of arms.Template:Efn-num

It is usually referred to as Template:Nihongo in Japanese, which is generally translated as chrysanthemum crest. The chrysanthemum is considered a noble flower,<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> and the 16-petal chrysanthemum is the widely known symbol of the emperor, as such the expression imperial chrysanthemum crest is also popular. It is also simply referred to simply as the imperial crest, imperial emblem, or imperial coat of arms.Template:Efn

It is also known as Template:Nihongo and Template:Nihongo. In English it is sometimes called the imperial seal, however the kikumon is not a seal, and should not be confused with the actual imperial seals, the privy seal and state seal of Japan. To avoid translation difficulties, it is sometimes referred to just as the imperial mon or chrysanthemum mon.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

History

During the Meiji period (1868–1912), no one was permitted to use the imperial crest except the Emperor of Japan, who used a 16-petalled chrysanthemum with sixteen tips of another row of petals showing behind the first row. Therefore, each member of the Imperial family used a slightly modified version of the crest. Shinto shrines either displayed the imperial crest or incorporated elements of the crest into their own tag.

Earlier in Japanese history, when Emperor Go-Daigo, who tried to break the power of the shogunate in 1333, was exiled, he adopted the seventeen-petalled chrysanthemum in order to differentiate himself from the Northern Court's Emperor Kōgon, who kept the imperial 16-petalled mon.Template:Cn

Description

File:Goshichi no kiri inverted.svg
The 5–7 paulownia can also be referred to as an imperial crest, but is now most commonly used as the emblem of the prime minister and Cabinet of Japan

The symbol is a yellow or orange chrysanthemum with black or red outlines and background. A central disc is surrounded by a front set of 16 petals. A rear set of 16 petals are half staggered in relation to the front set and are visible at the edges of the flower. An example of the chrysanthemum being used is in the badge for the Order of the Chrysanthemum.

Other members of the Imperial Family use a version with 14 single petals, while a form with 16 single petals is used for orders, passports, Diet members' pins, and other items that carry or represent the authority of the Emperor. The Imperial crest is also used on the standards of the Imperial Family.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

See also

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Notes

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References

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