Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing

The Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing, also called the Ironworkers Memorial Bridge and Second Narrows Bridge, is the second bridge constructed at the Second (east) Narrows of Burrard Inlet in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Originally named the Second Narrows Bridge, it connects Vancouver to the North Shore of Burrard Inlet, which includes the District of North Vancouver, the City of North Vancouver, and West Vancouver. It was constructed adjacent to the older Second Narrows Bridge, which is now exclusively a rail bridge. Its construction, from 1956 to 1960, was marred by a multi-death collapse on June 17, 1958. The First Narrows Bridge, better known as Lions Gate Bridge, crosses Burrard Inlet about Template:Convert west of the Second Narrows.

The bridge is a steel truss cantilever bridge, designed by Swan Wooster Engineering Co. Ltd. Construction began in November 1957, and the bridge was officially opened on August 25, 1960. It cost approximately $23 million to build.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Tolls were charged until April 1, 1963.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The bridge is Template:Convert long with a centre span of Template:Convert. It is part of the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1).

Collapse

On June 17, 1958, as a crane stretched from the north side of the new bridge to join the two chords of the unfinished arch, several spans collapsed. Seventy-nine workers plunged Template:Convert into the water. Eighteen were killed either instantly or shortly thereafter, possibly drowned by their heavy tool belts. A diver searching for bodies drowned later, bringing the total fatalities for the collapse to nineteen. In a subsequent Royal Commission inquiry, the bridge collapse was attributed to miscalculation by bridge engineers. A temporary steel box support at the base of the falsework, holding the newly built fifth anchor span, was deemed insufficient to bear the weight. The falsework plans were drawn by a junior engineer and the error not noticed by the supervising engineer.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In December 1957, a safety inspector from the British Columbia Workmen's Compensation Board had reported that the installation of a safety net under the work platforms was "impracticable" following the death of another steelworker.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Renaming

The bridge was renamed the "Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing" on June 17, 1994, to honour the eighteen workers who died in the collapse, along with one rescue diver and four other workers who also died during the construction process.<ref name="WorkSafeBC1">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

See also

• List of bridges in Canada
• List of bridge disasters

References

Bibliography

• Jamieson, Eric, Tragedy at Second Narrows: The Story of the Ironworkers Memorial Bridge, Harbour Publishing, 2008.
• Rasky, Frank, Great Canadian Disasters, Longman, 1961. (chapter 10)

External links

• History of Metropolitan Vancouver Template:Webarchive
• Satellite image of the Ironworkers Memorial Bridge and Second Narrows Bridge
• Vancouver, BC Bridge Under Construction Collapses, June 1958 Template:Webarchive at GenDisasters.com
• [1] "Collapse of the Second Narrows Bridge during Construction" - Journal article in American Society of Civil Engineers 2017
• The Bridge – Archived original film of the Second Narrows Bridge before and after the collapse, including origins of the structural failure