Japan Airlines Domestic

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Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Infobox airline

Japan Air System (JAS), later known as Japan Airlines Domestic from 2004, was the smallest of the big three Japanese airlines. In contrast to the other two, JAL and ANA, JAS' international route network was very small, but its domestic network incorporated many smaller airports that were not served by the two larger airlines. As an independent company, it was last headquartered in the JAS M1 Building at Haneda Airport in Ōta, Tokyo. It has since merged with Japan Airlines.

JAS was famous for its variety of aircraft liveries; Amy Chavez of The Japan Times described the rainbow liveries as "abstract." Many of its color schemes in the 1990s were designed by film director Akira Kurosawa.<ref name="AmyChavezJAS">Chavez, Amy. "Japan takes flight." The Japan Times. December 23, 2008. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref>

The airline's slogan was "Good Speed Always".

History

File:Toa Domestic Airlines NAMC YS-11 JA8750.jpg
A NAMC YS-11 operating under the former name Toa Domestic.

Formation

The company was originally formed as Template:Nihongo (TDA) in a merger between Toa Airways and Japan Domestic Airlines on May 15, 1971.<ref name="CompanyInfo">"COMPANY INFORMATION." Japan Air System. November 6, 1999. Retrieved on January 13, 2009. "Headquarters: JAS M1 Bldg. 5-1 Haneda kuko 3-chome, Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0041 Japan"</ref> It adopted the Japan Air System (JAS) name on April 1, 1988.<ref name="CompanyInfo"/>

Start of international service

In 1988, Japan Air System began service from Narita to Seoul, South Korea, and Taiwan, and by 1993 JAS was also flying to Singapore, Honolulu and Indonesia.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1995 the airline had 99 domestic routes, some international routes, 64 offices in Japan, one office in Seoul, South Korea, and one office in Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.<ref name="CompanyInfo"/>

JAS entered into a partnership with Northwest Airlines in 1999 following several years of negotiations, allowing Northwest to codeshare on JAS domestic routes from Kansai Airport in Osaka and JAS to codeshare on Northwest flights between Japan and the US. On Northwest's fifth freedom flights between Japan and Asia, JAS was limited to codesharing on Northwest routes that JAS also had the authority to fly, such as Tokyo-Seoul.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Boeing 777 livery design contest

File:JA010D 2 B777-289 JAS Japan Air System HND 25MAY03 (8496440127).jpg
13-year old Masatomo Watanabe designed the livery of the JAS Boeing 777-200

In 1996, Japan Air System held a contest for designing the livery of the Boeing 777.<ref>"The Boeing Company and Japan." Boeing. July 5, 2007. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> The youngest entrant was three years of age while the oldest was 84.<ref name="RainbowDesignMain">"JAS [B777] Rainbow Design Competition." () Japan Air System. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> A total of 10,364 participants from 42 countries submitted entries.<ref name="RainbowDesignMain"/><ref>"The course of the competition." () Japan Air System. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> The judges included Akira Kurosawa, Masuo Ikeda, Kenshi Hirokane, Yoshiko Sakurai, and Template:Nihongo.<ref name="RainbowDesignMain"/> Thirteen-year-old Template:Nihongo, a male second year (Grade 8) junior high school student living near Chitose Airport, won the award.<ref>"It was a 13-year-old boy who gave JAS a fantastic present!." () Japan Air System. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> The Japan Air System Boeing 777, painted in Watanabe's design, premiered in April 1997 to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Japan Air System.<ref>"Rainbow Design Competition/Presenting the result." () Japan Air System. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref>

Merger with Japan Airlines

File:JapanAirSystemA300withJALLogo.JPG
A Japan Air System Airbus A300-600R with the JAL "Arc of the Sun" logo on the body

JAS and Japan Airlines announced their merger in November 2001. It was the first major airline industry realignment in Japan in three decades, and partly a consequence of the slump in worldwide air traffic following the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> At the time, JAL had only a 25% share of the Japanese domestic air travel market, half that of rival All Nippon Airways, and saw the merger as a means of providing stronger competition to ANA domestically.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

JAS and JAL prepared an integrated timetable in August 2002. On October 2, 2002, they established a new holding company, Template:Nihongo, with Isao Kaneko as CEO. A new "Arc of the Sun" livery for the JAL group was announced in September 2002 and the first aircraft with the livery rolled out in November. On April 1, 2004, Japan Airlines changed its name to Japan Airlines International and Japan Air System changed its name to Template:Nihongo, officially ending the JAS brand.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Japan Airlines Domestic was merged with Japan Airlines International on October 1, 2006, and disappeared both in name and reality.Template:Citation needed

At the time of its integration into JAL, JAS operated the Airbus A300, Boeing 777, MD-80 and MD-90. Most continued flying as part of the JAL fleet, but three A300s were scrapped at Sendai Airport in 2002, while two others were transferred to Fly Air in Turkey.Template:Citation needed

Corporate affairs

File:JAL Maintenance Center 01.jpg
The JAL Maintenance Center, formerly the corporate headquarters
File:Mori Building 37 -01.jpg
Mori Building 37 in Tokyo, where JAS once had its headquarters

When Toa Domestic Airlines was originally established on May 15, 1971, its headquarters were located at the Japan Airlines Haneda Maintenance Center (羽田日本航空メンテナンスセンター Haneda Nihon Kōkū Mentanensu Sentā) at Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport) in Ōta, Tokyo. On February 28, 1972, its headquarters were moved to Template:Nihongo in Minato, Tokyo.<ref>"JAS 1971-1980." Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 6, 2011. "[...]Japan Airlines Maintenance Center (9-1, 1-chome Haneda Airport, Ota-ku, Tokyo)" and "[...]Mori Building No. 18 (28 Nishikubo Akefunecho, Minato-ku, Tokyo)."</ref><ref>"JAS 1971-1980." (Japanese) Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 13, 2011. "[...]羽田日本航空メンテナンスセンター（東京都大田区羽田空港1丁目9番1号）" and "[...]第18森ビル（東京都港区西久保明舟町28番）"</ref> On July 31, 1990, the headquarters moved from Mori Building No. 18 to Template:Nihongo,<ref>"1981-1990." Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 6, 2011. "Moved JAS headquarters from Mori Building No. 18 to Mori Building No. 37."</ref><ref>"1981-1990 Template:Webarchive." (Japanese) Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 13, 2011. "本社を第18森ビルから第37森ビルへ移転。"</ref> located in Toranomon. On April 18, 1998, the head office moved to Template:Nihongo at Haneda Airport.<ref name="CompanyInfo"/><ref>"JAS 1991-2000." Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 6, 2011.</ref><ref>"JAS 1991-2000 Template:Webarchive." (Japanese) Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 13, 2011. "虎ノ門第37森ビルから羽田メンテナンスセンター1へ。"</ref> On August 11, 2003, as JAS was being merged into Japan Airlines, the JAS headquarters moved from Haneda Maintenance Center 1 to the JAL Building in Shinagawa, Tokyo.<ref>"JAS 2001-2004." Japan Airlines. Retrieved on December 6, 2011.</ref>

Destinations before merger

Domestic

  • Template:JPN
    • Greater Tokyo Area<ref name="InternationalJan15"/>
    • Tokyo<ref name="Okinawa20010421">"Month : 2001/2/1 - 2001/3/31 OKINAWA/AMAMIISLAND AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="Kyūshū20010421">"Month : 2001/2/1 - 2001/3/31 KYUSYU AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="Hokkaido20010421">"Month: 2001/2/1 - 2001/3/31 HOKKAIDO AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="Tohoku20010421">"Month : 2001/2/1 - 2001/3/31 TOHOKU AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417">"Month: 2001/2/1 - 2001/3/31 CHUGOKU/SHIKOKU AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="Kanto20010421">"Month: 2001/2/1 - 2001/3/31 KANTO AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="Kansai20010312">"Month: 2000/12/22 - 2001/1/8 KANSAI/KINKI AREA." Japan Air System.</ref><ref name="ChubuHokuriku20010312">"Month: 2000/12/22 - 2001/1/8 CHUBU/HOKURIKU AREA." Japan Air System.</ref>
    • Osaka
    • Greater Osaka Area<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/><ref name="International2000Jan22"/>
    • Toyooka<ref name="Kansai20010312"/>
    • Shirahama<ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Nagoya<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/>
    • Komatsu<ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Matsumoto<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/>
    • Niigata<ref name="ChubuHokuriku20010312"/>
    • Akita<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/>
    • Aomori<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Misawa<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Hanamaki<ref name="Okinawa20010421"/><ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/>
    • Sendai<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/>
    • Yamagata<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/>
    • Hiroshima<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Okayama<ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/>
    • Izumo<ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Asahikawa<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Kushiro<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Memanbetsu (now Ozora)<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Obihiro<ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Sapporo<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Fukuoka<ref name="Okinawa20010421"/><ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Hokkaido20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Kitakyūshū<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Kagoshima<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/><ref name="International2000Jan22"/>
    • Kumamoto<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Miyazaki<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Nagasaki<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Oita<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Matsuyama<ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/>
    • Takamatsu<ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Kōchi<ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Tokushima<ref name="ChugokuShikoku20010417"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Amami Ōshima<ref name="Okinawa20010421"/><ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Kagoshima
    • Naha<ref name="Okinawa20010421"/><ref name="Tohoku20010421"/><ref name="Kanto20010421"/>
    • Tokunoshima<ref name="Okinawa20010421"/><ref name="Kyūshū20010421"/>

International

Subsidiaries

Japan Air System had the following subsidiaries:<ref>"2002/11/15 Interim Financial Information Template:Webarchive." Japan Airlines.</ref>

Fleet

File:Japan Air System Airbus A300 JetPix.jpg
A Japan Air System Airbus A300B4 taxiing at Haneda Airport in 1996
File:B777 & MD90.jpg
JAS MD-90 and 777 aircraft

Japan Air System (later known as Japan Airlines Domestic) had operated the following aircraft prior to merger with Japan Airlines:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Japan Air System fleet
Aircraft Total Introduced Retired Notes
Airbus A300B2 9 1980 2006 <ref name="PhotoGallery20010628">"Photo Gallery." Japan Air System.</ref>
Airbus A300B4 8 1986
Airbus A300-600R 22 1998 <ref name="PhotoGallery20010628"/>
Beechcraft Model 18 2 1973 1976
Beechcraft 200 3 1991 1998
Boeing 727-100 4 1972 1976
Boeing 777-200 7 1996 2006 <ref name="Kanto20010421"/><ref name="DeliversFirst777">"Japan Air System Accepts its First Pratt-Powered 777." PR Newswire.</ref>
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 2 1973 1975 Leased from Hughes Airwest.
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-41 22 1974 1997 One written off as Flight 451.
Remaining aircraft sold to Airborne Express.
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51 1 1977 1978 Leased from Finnair.
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 2 1988 2000 Sold to Northwest Airlines.<ref name="PeterPanDC10">Airliner Color History: McDonnell Douglas DC-10. 80.</ref>
McDonnell Douglas MD-81 26 1981 2006 <ref name="PhotoGallery20010628"/>
McDonnell Douglas MD-87 8 1988 <ref name="Kanto20010421"/><ref name="PhotoGallery20010628"/>
McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30 16 1995 <ref name="Kanto20010421"/><ref name="PhotoGallery20010628"/>
NAMC YS-11 46 1971 1996

Credit cards

In association with Visa, MasterCard, and Japan Credit Bureau JAS had "JAS Card" credit cards. In addition, JAS had "Sky Merit" cards.<ref>"Card" (Japanese). Japan Air System. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref>

Accidents and incidents

File:JAS Flight 979 wreckage.jpg
Aftermath of the landing gear accident of JAS Flight 979
  • January 1, 2004, Japan Air System Flight 979: A McDonnell Douglas MD-81 (JA8297) sustained substantial damage in a landing gear accident at Tokunoshima. On landing, the aircraft's left main landing gear collapsed during rollout and its left wing tip contacted the ground. The aircraft came to a stop on the runway. Three passengers were slightly injured.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Special liveries

Japan Air System, for a period, painted a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 in a Peter Pan color scheme.<ref name="PeterPanDC10"/>

See also

References

Template:Reflist

Template:Commons category

Template:Portal bar Template:Airlines of Japan

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