Japanese destroyer Ikazuchi (1931)

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Ikazuchi underway off China in 1938

Template:Nihongo<ref name="Nelson">Nelson. Japanese-English Character Dictionary. Page 943</ref> was the twenty-third Template:Sclass, or the third Template:Sclass (if that sub-class is regarded as a separate class), built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the inter-war period.

Ikazuchi, built at the Uraga Dock Company, was the third of the "Type III" improved series of Fubuki destroyers, incorporating a modified gun turret which could elevate her main battery of Type 3 127 mm 50 caliber naval guns to 75° as opposed to the original 40°, thus permitting the guns to be used as dual purpose guns against aircraft.<ref name="Fitzsimons">F Fitzsimons, Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1977), Volume 10, p.1040.</ref> Ikazuchi was laid down on 7 March 1930, launched on 22 October 1931 and commissioned on 15 August 1932.<ref name="Nishidah">Template:Cite web</ref>

History

Construction of the advanced Akatsuki-class destroyers was authorized as part of the Imperial Japanese Navy's expansion program from fiscal 1923, intended to give Japan a qualitative edge with the world's most modern ships.<ref name="Fitzsimons"/> The Akatsuki class had performance that was a quantum leap over previous destroyer designs, so much so that they were designated Template:Nihongo. The large size, powerful engines, high speed, large radius of action and unprecedented armament gave these destroyers the firepower similar to many light cruisers in other navies. The Akatsuki sub-class was an improved version of the Fubuki, externally almost identical, but incorporating changes to her propulsion system.<ref>Peattie & Evans, Kaigun page 221-222.</ref>

Operational history

On completion, Ikazuchi was assigned to Destroyer Division 6 along with her sister ships, Template:Ship, Template:Ship, and Template:Ship, under the IJN 1st Fleet and participated in operations in the Second Sino-Japanese War.

World War II

At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Ikazuchi was assigned to Destroyer Division 6 of Desron 1 of the IJN 1st Fleet, and had deployed from Mako Guard District to provide cover for landing operations in the Invasion of Hong Kong. After assisting the cruiser Template:Ship in sinking British gunboats HMS Cicada and HMS Robin, she helped secure Victoria Harbour. After the start of 1942, Ikazuchi deployed from Hong Kong to Davao, providing cover for landing operations during the Battle of Ambon, and Battle of Timor in the Netherlands East Indies.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On 2 March 1942, Ikazuchi rescued the remaining 400 odd survivors<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> who were still in the water from the Royal Navy cruiser Template:HMS (some of whose survivors had been rescued on 1 March<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>) and the destroyer Template:HMS, both ships having been sunk the previous day in the Second Battle of the Java Sea between Java and Borneo. The survivors had been adrift for some 20 hours, in rafts and life jackets or clinging to floats, many coated in oil and unable to see.<ref>Capt. O Gordon, pp. 148-149 in Fight It Out</ref><ref>Sir Sam Falle, pp. 39-40 in My Lucky Life</ref> Among the rescued was Lieutenant (later Sir) Sam Falle, an officer aboard Encounter, who would go on to become a British diplomat.<ref name="BBC 2003">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Falle's account can be heard in Reels 3 and 4 of Template:Cite web</ref> This humanitarian decision by Lieutenant Commander Shunsaku Kudō placed Ikazuchi at risk of submarine attack, and interfered with her fighting ability due to the sheer numbers of rescued sailors. The action was later the subject of a book<ref name="Megumi 2006">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="forum.axishistory.com 2007">Template:Cite web. This forum discussion contains a brief summary of the 2006 Megumi book's account of the HMS Encounter and HMS Exeter rescues.</ref> and a 2007 TV programme.<ref name="Japanprobe 2007">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Youtube 2007">Template:Cite AV media In Japanese. See also part 2 and part 3.</ref><ref name="jog458">Template:Cite web. In Japanese. A summary of the 2007 television program.</ref>

Ikazuchi deployed from Ōminato Guard District in support of Admiral Boshiro Hosogaya’s Northern Force in the Aleutians campaign, patrolling waters around Kiska and Attu during June and July, and towing the damaged destroyer Template:Ship from Kiska back to Shimushu in the Chishima Islands. She continued to be assigned to northern patrols in the Chishima islands and Aleutian islands through the beginning of August.<ref>Morison. Aleutians, Gilberts and Marshalls, June 1942-April 1944.</ref>

From September, Ikazuchi was reassigned as escort for the new aircraft carriers Template:Ship and Template:Ship, which the destroyer accompanied to Truk, and missions in the Solomon Islands and back to Kure Naval District.

From October, Ikazuchi was used for numerous “Tokyo Express" high speed transport runs throughout the Solomon Islands.<ref>D’Albas. Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II.</ref>

On 25 October 1942 Ikazuchi, Template:Ship, and Template:Ship conducted a daylight raid into the waters off Guadalcanal. In the resulting action, the fast minesweeper Template:USS was damaged and fleet tug Template:USS and patrol craft YP-284 were sunk before the Japanese ships were driven off by US Marine coastal artillery. Ikazuchi suffered light damage from strafing attacks by Allied aircraft, with four crewmen killed.

Ikazuchi participated in the first night action of the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal on 13 November 1942. Stationed on the right flank of the battleships Template:Ship and Template:Ship with two other destroyers, she engaged several U.S. warships, among them the cruiser Template:USS, and received hits to her forward gun mount, which caught fire. In the battle, 21 crewmen were killed and 20 injured, and she had to return to Truk for emergency repairs.<ref>Hammel. Guadalcanal: Decision at Sea.</ref>

After repairs at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal from December to the end of February 1943, Ikazuchi returned to the north Pacific, and was present at the Battle of the Komandorski Islands on 26 March but saw no action. On 30 March, she collided with the destroyer Template:Ship, suffering moderate damage. Ikazuchi was reassigned to Desron 11 of the IJN 1st Fleet on 1 April 1943. After repairs at Yokosuka, she returned to Truk, and escorted convoys between Truk and the Japanese home islands until mid-April 1944.

Under the command of Lieutenant Commander Ikunaga Kunio, on 13 April 1944, while escorting the transport Sanyō Maru to Woleai, Ikazuchi was torpedoed and sunk by the submarine Template:USS, approximately Template:Convert south-southwest of Guam at position Template:Coord. There were no survivors. On 10 June 1944, Ikazuchi was removed from the navy list.<ref name="Nishidah"/>

References

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External links

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