Jean de Dunois
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Jean d'Orléans, Count of Dunois (23 November 1402 – 24 November 1468), known as the "Bastard of Orléans" (Template:Langx) or simply Jean de Dunois, was a French military leader during the Hundred Years' War who participated in military campaigns with Joan of Arc.Template:Sfn His nickname, the "Bastard of Orléans", was a mark of his high status, since it acknowledged him as a first cousin to the king and acting head of a cadet branch of the royal family during his half-brother's captivity. In 1439 he received the county of Dunois from his half-brother Charles, Duke of Orléans, and later King Charles VII made him count of Longueville.Template:Sfn
Life
Jean was the illegitimate son of Louis I, Duke of Orléans – son of King Charles V of France – and his mistress Mariette d'Enghien.Template:Sfn In 1407, Jean's father, Louis I, Duke of Orléans was assassinated.Template:Sfn Eight years later, his half-brother, Charles, Duke of Orléans was captured at the Battle of Agincourt. He remained a prisoner of the English for twenty-five years.Template:Sfn This left Jean the only adult male to represent the house of Orléans.Template:Sfn He was Knight of the Order of the Porcupine.
Jean took part in the civil war in France during the reign of Charles VI on the side of the Armagnacs, and was captured by the Burgundians in 1418. Released in 1420, he entered the service of the Dauphin Charles, fighting in the Hundred Years' War against English forces. In 1427, Jean, along with Arthur of Richemont and Etienne of Vignolles, forced the Earl of Warwick to raise his siege of Montargis.Template:Sfn He was wounded, the next year, at the battle of Rouvray.Template:Sfn Jean led the French defenses at the siege of Orléans,Template:Sfn and together with Joan of Arc relieved the siege.Template:Sfn He joined her on the campaigns of 1429 and remained active after her death.Template:Sfn
Jean attended Charles VII's coronation in July 1429 and in 1436 aided in the recapture of Paris.Template:Sfn In 1439 he was made Count of Dunois.Template:Sfn He was prominent in the conquest of Guienne and Normandy in the final years of the Hundred Years War.Template:Sfn
Jean participated in the Praguerie revolt against Charles VII and was a leader of the League of the Public Weal against King Louis XI in 1465, but each time he regained favor at court.Template:Sfn
Marriages and progeny
He married Marie Louvet (d. 1426) in April 1422 at Bourges,Template:Sfn by whom he had no children.
He married a second time to Marie of Harcourt (d. 1464),Template:Sfn Lady of Parthenay 26 October 1439 and had four children:
- Jean (1443-1453)Template:Sfn
- François Ι d'Orléans-Longueville (1447–1491), Count of Dunois, Tancarville, Longueville, and Montgomery, married 2 July 1466 to Agnès of Savoy (1445–1508).Template:Sfn One of their children was Louis I d'Orléans, duc de Longueville.Template:Sfn
- Marie (1440-?), married 1466 to Louis de la Haye, Lord of Passavant and Mortagne.Template:Sfn
- Catherine d'Orléans (1449–1501), married 14 May 1468 to Johann VII of Saarbrücken-Commercy (1430–1492), Count of RoucyTemplate:Sfn without issue.
Titles
- Lord of Valbonais (1421–1468)
- Count of Mortain (1424–1425)
- Viscount of Saint-Sauveur
- Count of Périgord (1430–1439)
- Count of Dunois (1439–1468)
- Count of Longueville (1443–1468)
References
Sources
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Further reading
- Jean de Dunois biography at xenophongroup.com
- Jean de Dunois biography at jean-claude.colrat.pagesperso-orange.fr
- Book of Hours, Use of Rome ('The Dunois Hours') (BL Yates Thompson 3) Template:Webarchive
- Template:Cite EB1911
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