John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland

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John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, Template:Post-nominals (1 June 1759Template:Snd15 December 1841), styled Lord Burghersh between 1771 and 1774, was a British Tory politician of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, who served in most of the cabinets of the period, primarily as Lord Privy Seal ultimately spending 33 years in the Cabinet.

Background

Westmorland was the son of John Fane, 9th Earl of Westmorland, and Lady Augusta Bertie, daughter of Capt. Lord Montagu Bertie (the seventh child of Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven). He succeeded in the earldom on the death of his father in 1774.

Political career

In 1789 Westmorland was appointed Joint Postmaster General by William Pitt the YoungerTemplate:Cn and sworn into the Privy Council.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Already the same year he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland by Pitt, a post he held until 1794. On 18 February 1793, he was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Northamptonshire.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> From 1795 to 1798 he was Master of the Horse under Pitt. The latter year Pitt made him Lord Privy Seal, a position he would hold under five prime Ministers (Pitt, Addington, Pitt again, Portland, Perceval and Liverpool) for the next 35 years, except between 1806 and 1807 when Lord Grenville was in office.

Westmorland was a "fierce" defender of slavery, and in 1799 denounced efforts by British abolitionists to abolish Britain's involvement in the Atlantic slave trade.<ref> Template:Cite news </ref> He also raised a British Volunteer Corps cavalry regiment in Northamptonshire in 1797, and was appointed its colonel on 20 April 1797.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> He was later Lord Lieutenant of Northamptonshire between 1828 and 1841. He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1793.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref>

Family

File:Detail of a mezzotint portrait by John Jones (circa 1745-1797) after George Romney of John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, 1796.jpg
Detail of a mezzotint portrait by John Jones (circa 1745–1797) after George Romney of John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, 1796.

Lord Westmorland married Sarah Anne Child (28 August 1764 – 9 November 1793), the only daughter and heiress of wealthy banker, Robert Child, against her father's wishes, at Gretna Green on 20 May 1782. Child consequently cut his daughter and her sons and their descendants out of his will, and made his daughter's daughters his heirs to prevent the Fanes from benefitting from this elopement. Their eldest daughter, Lady Sarah Sophia Fane (1785–1867), having thus been made testamentary heiress of her maternal grandfather, married George Child-Villiers, 5th Earl of Jersey, her husband assuming the additional surname of Child. Template:Citation needed The Earl and Countess of Westmorland had one son and four daughters:

The Countess of Westmorland died relatively young in 1793, aged 29, from undisclosed causes. Lord Westmorland married secondly Jane, daughter of Richard Huck-Saunders, in 1800. After some years of marriage, they later separated and she lived at Brympton d'Evercy. Template:Citation needed By his second wife, he had three sons and two daughters, of whom only the eldest child Lady Georgiana Fane outlived both parents and inherited the Brympton estate.

Lord Westmorland died in December 1841, aged 82, and was succeeded in the earldom by his only son from his first marriage, John. The Countess of Westmorland died in March 1857.

Arms

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References

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