John H. Bankhead

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Early life and military service

Bankhead was born on September 13, 1842, at Moscow, present-day Lamar County, Alabama (near present-day Sulligent), the son of Susan Fleming (Hollis) and James Greer Bankhead.<ref name=Cyclopaedia>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> His great-grandfather, James Bankhead (1738–1799) was born in Ulster and settled in South Carolina.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

He was educated in the common schools and served in the Confederate States Army, during the Civil War, rising to the rank of captain, in the Alabama 16th Infantry, Company K.<ref name="CNE">Template:Cite Collier's</ref>

Career

After the Civil War, Bankhead went on to serve as warden of the state penitentiary in Wetumpka. During this period, he was said to have taken part of the exploitation of inmates as cheap labor for industry as part of Alabama's convict-leasing system.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Bankhead was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from 1865 to 1867, and again in 1880 and 1881. In 1876 and 1877 he was a member of the State Senate. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1887, serving until 1907.<ref name="CNE" /><ref name="cd">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

U.S. Senate

At age 65, John H. Bankhead was appointed, then elected, to serve out the remainder of the U.S. Senate term left by the death of John Tyler Morgan and later re-elected twice. He served from June 18, 1907, until his death in Washington on March 1, 1920.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Bankhead was a member of the Inland Waterways Commission in 1907,<ref>Donald J. Pisani, Water Planning in the Progressive Era: The Inland Waterways Commission Reconsidered, Journal of Policy History 18.4 (2006) pp.389-418</ref> and was instrumental in enacting the Federal Aid Road Act of 1916, which became the first federal highway funding legislation. He was also a member of the Commission on Public Buildings and the Commission on Rivers and Harbors. He wrote several books relating to post roads.<ref name="CNE" />

Bankhead served as campaign manager for Oscar Underwood's 1912 presidential candidacy. During his Senate tenure, Bankhead opposed the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which mandated nationwide women's suffrage.<ref name=":0" />

Following his death, B. B. Comer, a former governor of Alabama, was appointed to serve the rest of his term until November 2, 1920, when J. Thomas Heflin was elected to serve out the term.

Personal life

He married Tallulah James Brockman. She was of Revolutionary ancestry, her father's great-grandfather, Benjamin Kilgore, having been a captain of a South Carolina company in the War of the Revolution. She was the daughter of James H. Brockman, a native of Greenville District, South Carolina.

File:Tallulah James Brockman.jpg
Tallulah James Brockman

Her education was received in the fashionable schools of Tuskegee and Montgomery, Alabama. Their two elder sons, John Hollis and William Brockman, were practicing lawyers. The youngest, Henry McAuley, was a student at the University of Alabama. The elder daughter, Louise, married Representative William Hayne Perry, of Greenville, South Carolina, son of former South Carolina governor Benjamin Franklin Perry and the younger, Marie, was the wife of Thomas McAdory Owen, a historian by profession.<ref>Template:Cite bookTemplate:PD-notice</ref>

Legacy

United States Senator John H. Bankhead II and Speaker of the House William Brockman Bankhead were his sons, and actress Tallulah Bankhead was his granddaughter. The cross-country Bankhead Highway was named after him, as is Bankhead Lake on the Black Warrior River near Birmingham. Also, the Bankhead Tunnel on US 98 in Mobile, Alabama, is named after him.

See also

References

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