John Houblon

Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox officeholder Sir John Houblon (13 March 1632 – 10 January 1712) was an English merchant and banker who served as the first governor of the Bank of England from 1694 to 1697. He also served as the Lord Mayor of London in 1695.

Early life

John Houblon was the third son of James Houblon, a London merchant, and his wife, Mary Du Quesne, daughter of Jean Du Quesne, the younger. He had nine brothers and three sisters. The Houblon family were Huguenots from Lille and he later became an elder in the French Protestant Church of London in Threadneedle Street.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

His younger brother, Abraham Houblon, was also Bank of England Governor, from 1703 to 1705. A daughter of Abraham Houblon, Anne, was married to Henry Temple, later Viscount Palmerston, in 1703. His older brother, James, an influential merchant and Member of Parliament for the City of London, was also a director of the Bank of England.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Four other of his brothers were prosperous merchants.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Career

He became Sheriff of the City of London in 1689, an Alderman from 1689 to 1712, and Master of the Grocer's Company from 1690 to 1691. He was Lord Mayor in 1695.

He was a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty from 1694 to 1699. It was during this time, from 1694 until 1697, that he served as inaugural governor of the Bank of England.<ref>"Sir John Houblon 1632-1712" Template:Webarchive, Bankofengland.co.uk. Retrieved 13 May 2012</ref> He was again a Bank of England director from 1700, and a director of the New East India Company from 1700 to 1701.

He stood as a Parliamentary candidate for the City of London in 1701, but was defeated. Some sources state incorrectly that he was Member of Parliament for Bodmin.<ref>See the relevant volume in the History of Parliament series, David W Hayton, Stuart Handley and Eveline Cruickshanks, The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1690-1715 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002). The MP for Bodmin was the similarly named John Hoblyn, a lawyer.</ref>

Appearance on banknotes

Houblon has been commemorated by his appearance on the reverse of Series E £50 notes issued by the Bank of England. The notes were issued in 1994, the year of the Bank's 300th anniversary. The design includes an image of Houblon's house in Threadneedle Street, the site of the present Bank of England building.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> A new £50 note was brought into circulation in 2011, featuring James Watt and Matthew Boulton in place of Sir John Houblon. The Houblon note ceased to be legal tender on 30 April 2014.

Personal life

He married Mary Jurin in 1660, who came from a Flemish Protestant family and they had five sons and six daughters, but only two sons survived their father.<ref name="ArcherHoublon1907">Archer Houblon, Alice (1907) The Houblon Family - Its Story and Times, London: Constable, Volumes 1 & 2.</ref> They lived in a magnificent house just off Threadneedle Street on the site later occupied by the Bank of England and he also acquired a country house at High Ongar in Essex.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

External links

• Sir John Houblon 1632-1712 at the Bank of England website
• The Rulers of London 1660-1689, J.R. Woodhead, on British History Online
• The Friends of Charles Darwin