Johnny Gruelle

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox writer John Barton Gruelle (December 24, 1880 – January 9, 1938) was an American artist, political cartoonist, children's book and comics author, illustrator, and storyteller. He is best known as the creator of Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy dolls and as the author/illustrator of dozens of books. He also created the Beloved Belindy doll.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Gruelle also contributed cartoons and illustrations to at least ten newspapers, four major news syndicates, and more than a dozen national magazines. He was the son of Hoosier Group painter Richard Gruelle.

Early life and education

Gruelle was born in Arcola, Illinois, on December 24, 1880, to Alice (Benton) and Richard Buckner Gruelle.<ref name=hallpp25-26>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book Reprint edition, Evansville, Indiana: Whipporwill Publications, 1985.</ref> In 1882, when Gruelle was two years old, he moved with his parents to Indianapolis, Indiana, and settled in a home on Tacoma Avenue in what is the present-day Lockerbie Square Historic District.<ref name=Hall-Child6>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name=indianamedia>Template:Cite news</ref> The Gruelles made Indianapolis their home for more than twenty-five years.<ref name=Group139-56>Template:Cite book</ref>

John was exposed to art and literature at an early age. His father, Richard, who was a self-taught portrait and landscape painter who became associated with the Hoosier Group of American Impressionist painters. In addition to Richard Gruelle, the informal group included William Forsyth, T. C. Steele, Otto Stark, and J. Ottis Adams. Another Gruelle family friends was Hoosier poet James Whitcomb Riley, whose poems "The Elf-Child," later titled "Little Orphant Annie" (1885), and "The Raggedy Man" (1888), eventually formed the name for John Gruelle's iconic Raggedy Ann character.<ref name=indianamedia/> Gruelle later honored Riley's memory in his own book, The Orphant Annie Story Book (1921), written in tribute to Riley's famous poem.<ref name=Hall-Child6/>

John was the eldest child of the Gruelle family, which also included a younger sister, Prudence (1884–1966), and a brother, Justin (1889–1979). Gruelle's parents exposed all three children to music, literature, and art. John, who likely attended public schools in Indianapolis as a youth, became interested in art, and learned drawing from his father.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 28, 31–33. See also, Hall, "A Child At Heart," pp. 5–6.</ref><ref name=GS143>Template:Cite book</ref> Prudence trained as a vocalist in New York City, performed in vaudeville theaters, and married Albert Matzke, an illustrator and watercolorist. She also became an author of children's books and a syndicated newspaper columnist. Justin studied art in Indianapolis and New York City and became a landscape painter, illustrator, and muralist.<ref name=GS142-44>Gugin and St. Clair, eds., pp. 142, 144.</ref>

Marriage and family

Nineteen-year-old Gruelle met his future wife, Myrtle J. Swann, in Indianapolis, where they were married on March 23, 1901. Marcella, the first of their three children, was born on August 18, 1902, and died on November 8, 1915, at age 13.<ref name=GS143/><ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 48–50, 89.</ref> The Gruelles also had two sons, Worth, who became an artist and illustrator, and Richard "Dick" Gruelle.<ref>Hall, "A Child At Heart," pp. 6, 8, and 12.</ref> Gruelle's widow, Myrtle (Swann) Gruelle Silsby, who remarried for a brief period in 1945, died on April 25, 1968, at the age of eighty-three.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 187, 190.</ref>

John and Myrtle Gruelle began their married life in Indianapolis and moved with their young daughter to Cleveland, Ohio.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 50.</ref> By 1910 they had left Cleveland and moved to the Norwalk, Connecticut, area, where Gruelle's parents had acquired a Template:Convert property in Silvermine, a present-day historic district and art colony along the Silvermine River comprising sections of Norwalk, New Canaan, and Wilton, Connecticut.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Gruelle and his family initially lived in a studio maintained by his father and brother on the former site of the Blanchard Fur Factory until they built a home in the Wilton section of Silvermine.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} See also: {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Gruelle's parents, his sister and her husband, and his younger brother also made their home in the Silvermine area.<ref name=Newton-T12>Template:Cite journal</ref> After the death of their daughter, Marcella, in 1915 from an infected smallpox vaccine, John and Myrtle Gruelle moved with their two sons to Norwalk.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 93.</ref> In addition to being closer to his family, Gruelle's relocation to the East Coast provided him with additional opportunities for freelance work in newspapers and magazines as an artist and journalist.<ref name=Hall-Child7-8>Hall, "A Child At Heart," pp. 7–8.</ref>

Gruelle also spent a year in Ashland, Oregon, from 1923 to 1924.<ref name="sohs">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Career

File:Raggedy Ann & Andy - Project Gutenberg eText 17371.jpg

Raggedy Ann and Andy

Gruelle began his career as an illustrator and cartoonist for Indianapolis newspapers. His work was eventually syndicated nationwide. He also completed commissions for illustrations of well-known fairy tales, as well as writing and illustrating his own stories. Gruelle is best known as the creator of a series of stories about a rag doll named Raggedy Ann and her friends. He also created the iconic Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy dolls. In addition to becoming a successful commercial artist and illustrator, cartoonist, writer, and businessman, Gruelle was a nature-lover, storyteller, and spiritualist.<ref>Hall, "A Child At Heart," p. 5.</ref>

Early years

File:"The Quacky Doodles" 1917 ad by Paramount-Bray Pictographs in Motion Picture News (Jul-Aug 1917) (IA motionpicturenew161unse) (page 165 crop).jpg

"The Quacky Doodles" 1917 ad by Paramount-Bray Pictographs in Motion Picture News

In the early years of his career Gruelle created political cartoons and single-frame sports comics that appeared in Indianapolis newspapers such as the Indianapolis Star and the Indianapolis Daily Sentinel. In 1903 he became assistant illustrator for the Star.<ref name=GS143/><ref name=hallp40>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 40.</ref> Within a few months his political cartoons of a top-hatted crow began to appear on the front page of the Star with witty comments for the day. Gruelle's crow figure also became the Star's weather bird and continued to appear on the newspaper's front page even after Gruelle's death in 1938. (The bird was initially named "Jim Crow," but it was renamed "Joe Crow" in the 1950s.)<ref name=Hall-Child7-8/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

From 1906 to 1911, his cartoons, usually signed as Grue, appeared in other city newspapers, such as The Toledo News-Bee,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> the Pittsburgh Press,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> the Tacoma Times,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> the Spokane Press,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and the Cleveland Press.<ref name=Hall-Child7-8/> Gruelle's big break came in 1910–1911, when his two entries for a full-page, comic-drawing contest sponsored by the New York Herald won first and second place among the submissions from 1,500 entrants. His first-place entry, "Mr. Twee Deedle", was syndicated in weekly installments nationwide until 1918.<ref name=GS143/><ref> {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

As Gruelle earned notoriety as a cartoonist for the Herald, he also pursued writing and illustrating his own fairy tales. His first major illustrating commission was a single-volume edition of Grimm's Fairy Tales (1914) that included Gruelle's artwork for eleven full-color plates. In other early commission work he illustrated and retold other fairy tales that included the stories of "Cinderella," "Little Red Riding Hood," and "Hansel and Gretel," among others. He also wrote and illustrated My Very Own Fairy Stories (1917), published by P. F. Volland Company, a publisher of inspirational cards, gifts, and books.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 96. See also: Hall, "A Child At Heart," p. 8.</ref> Beginning with these early stories, Gruelle typically used a "fairy-story-with-a-moral format" to teach the ethical lessons that became a trademark of his work.<ref name=Hall-Child7-8/> Gruelle also created a cartoon series in 1917 called Quacky Doodles, produced as part of Bray Productions' weekly Paramount Pictograph productions.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Creator of Raggedy Ann

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File:Gruelleann1.jpg

Gruelle's U.S. Patent design for the Raggedy Ann doll

The exact details of the origins of the Raggedy Ann doll and related stories are uncertain.<ref name=Hall-Child10>Hall, "A Child At Heart," p. 10.</ref> Gruelle biographer Patricia Hall notes that according to an oft-repeated myth, Gruelle's daughter, Marcella, brought from her grandmother's attic a faceless rag doll on which the artist drew a face, and that Gruelle suggested that Marcella's grandmother sew a shoe button for a missing eye. Hall says the date of this supposed occurrence is given as early as 1900 and as late as 1914, with the locale variously given as suburban Indianapolis, Indiana, downtown Cleveland, Ohio, or Wilton, Connecticut. More likely, as Gruelle's wife, Myrtle, told Hall, Gruelle retrieved a long-forgotten, homemade rag doll from the attic of his parents' Indianapolis home sometime around the turn of the 20th century, a few years before the couple's daughter was born.<ref name=GS143/><ref name=Hall-Creator107>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 107.</ref> As Myrtle Gruelle recalled, "There was something he wanted from the attic. While he was rummaging around for it, he found an old rag doll his mother had made for his sister. He said then that the doll would make a good story."<ref name=PatriciaHall-history>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She further explained that her husband "kept [the doll] in his mind until we had Marcella. He remembered it when he saw her play [with] dolls.... He wrote the stories around some of the things she did. He used to get ideas from watching her."<ref name=PatriciaHall-history/>

Hall notes another unproven legend states that Gruelle began writing and illustrating the Raggedy Ann stories while his daughter was gravely ill from complications resulting from an infected vaccination, and her death at age 13 inspired him to publish the stories and create the rag doll as a tribute to her memory. Another version of the doll's origins suggests that it appeared as a character in an illustrated poem in one of Gruelle's earlier books.<ref name=Hall-Child10/><ref name=PatriciaHall-history/> Some journalistic sources have continued to repeat the various myths and legends.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

A few of the details about the Raggedy Ann doll and its origins are documented. On September 7, 1915, the U.S. Patent Office approved Template:US Patent, Gruelle's May 28, 1915, patent application for the design of the prototype that became the Raggedy Ann doll.<ref name=hallwebsite>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Gruelle's patent application for the doll's design was already in progress around the time that his daughter, Marcella, became ill. The artist received final approval for the U.S. patent the same month as her death.<ref name=PatriciaHall-history/> On June 17, 1915, Gruelle applied for a trademark logo for the Raggedy Ann name, which he formed from a combination of names from two James Whitcomb Riley poems, "The Raggedy Man" and "Little Orphant Annie."<ref name=Hall-Creator107/><ref name=hallwebsite/> The P. F. Volland Company published Gruelle's Raggedy Ann Stories (1918), the first in a series of books about his Raggedy Ann rag-doll character and her friends.<ref name=hallwebsite /> Both became major successes.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=Newton-T12/><ref name=Burnett195>Burnet, pp. 195.</ref> The book's first edition also included Gruelle's own version of the doll's origins and the related stories.<ref name=Hall-Child10/>

Although the female members of Gruelle's family may have made initial versions of the Raggedy Ann doll in Norwalk, Connecticut, to help market the related books, Gruelle soon established a merchandising agreement with P. F. Volland Company, his primary publisher, to begin manufacturing, selling, and promoting a mass-produced version of the doll.<ref name=Hall-Child10/> Raggedy Ann books and dolls became major successes.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Two years later Gruelle introduced Raggedy Ann's brother, the mischievous and adventuresome Raggedy Andy, in Raggedy Andy Stories (1920).<ref name=simon>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Gruelle also patented his design for a generic male doll (Template:US Patent). A short time after its literary debut, Raggedy Andy appeared as a Volland-made doll.<ref>Hall, "A Child At Heart," p. 11.</ref><ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 118.</ref> Gruelle was also awarded design patents for two duck toys in 1915. Template:US Patent is based on his character "Quacky Doodles" and Template:US Patent is based on his character "Danny Daddles."<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 94–95.</ref> In addition, Gruelle applied for a stuffed elephant toy (Template:US Patent) in 1920 and a stuffed bear toy (Template:US Patent) in 1921.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 135.</ref>

Other projects

In addition to the Raggedy Ann books, Gruelle continued to write and illustrate other works for children that included Friendly Stories (1919), another volume of his fairy stories. During the 1920s and 1930s he wrote and illustrated The Magical Land of Noom (1922), published by P. F. Volland Company, and the Orphant Annie Story Book (1921) and Johnny Mouse and the Wishing Stick (1922) for Indianapolis-based publisher Bobbs-Merrill Company. (Bobbs-Merrill became the authorized publisher and licensor for Raggedy Ann-related literary works in 1962.) The success of Gruelle's early books launched his career as a children's author/illustrator. While continuing to work on commissions for newspapers and magazines, he authored and illustrated at least one Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy story each year.<ref>Hall, "A Child At Heart," pp. 10–11.</ref>

On November 27, 1929, the New York Herald Tribune Syndicate launched "Brutus," a domestic-comedy comic strip with elements of fantasy. Gruelle continued to work on this comic strip until his death in 1938.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Gruelle also wrote lyrics for musical compositions that were published as sheet music and songbooks for children. His lyrics in "Raggedy Ann's Sunny Songs" (1930) was set to music by William H. Woodin, a former U. S. Treasury Secretary. (It is likely that one of Gruelle's characters, "Little Wooden Willie," was named for the politician.)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Other sheet music included "Beyond the Moon" (1931) with lyrics by Gruelle and Johnny Mercer, music by Guy Stevens; and "Beneath the Southern Skies" (1931) with lyrics by Gruelle and Joan Jasmyn, music by M. K. Jerome. Other Gruelle children's songbooks and recordings include the Richard Wolfe Children's Chorus performing on a recording of "A Raggedy Ann Songbook" (1996).<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 177–78.</ref>

Later years

Gruelle and his wife relocated from Connecticut, to the Miami, Florida, area in 1932. In his later years Gruelle continued to write and illustrate books such as Raggedy Ann and the Golden Meadow (1935), which was completed with the assistance of his son, Worth. The father-and-son duo also collaborated on a series of illustrated Raggedy Ann proverbs that were syndicated in newspapers. In addition, Gruelle produced humorous cartoons and made public appearances, but took time away from work to pursue his hobby of collecting automobiles. Although the Great Depression of the 1930s caused some setbacks that included the bankruptcy of his primary publisher, P. F. Volland, and a lawsuit for patent and trademark infringement that he finally won on appeal in 1937, Gruelle and his family continued to experience an active life in Florida until stress took its toll on Gruelle's health.<ref>Hall, "A Child At Heart," pp. 11–12.</ref><ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 170.</ref>

Death and legacy

He died unexpectedly of heart failure at his son Worth's home in Miami Springs, Florida, on January 9, 1938, two weeks after his fifty-seventh birthday.<ref>Template:Cite news Abstract; full article requires subscription.</ref><ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 178.</ref> Following Gruelle's death, his widow, Myrtle (Swann) Gruelle, took legal action to secure the rights to his works, trademarks, and patents. She also continued her efforts to promote his legacy through the Johnny Gruelle Company, the Bobbs-Merrill Company, and other commercial agreements.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 184.</ref>

In a career that spanned forty years, Gruelle was an author and/or illustrator of dozens of books and contributed cartoons and illustrations to at least ten newspapers, four major new syndicates, and more than a dozen national magazines. Despite the diversity of his work, Gruelle is best known as the illustrator, author, and the creator of the Raggedy Ann doll and related books, illustrations, and characters. By the time of his death in 1938, his first Raggedy Ann book had sold more than 3 million copies.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The iconic Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy dolls that Gruelle designed and their related memorabilia have become sought-after collector's items.<ref name=GS142-44/>

Gruelle also left a legacy of other artistic and literary works. Although he was inspired by many sources and most of his work was based on traditional European folktales, Gruelle developed his own storytelling style. Many of his stories for children included parables about the virtues of "sharing, compassion, and telling the truth."<ref name=Hall-Child12>Hall, "A Child At Heart," p. 12.</ref> In addition to his prose, Gruelle used his illustrations to tell stories of magical lands, fanciful animals, and memorable characters, especially Raggedy Ann, Raggedy Andy, and their friends. While his early artwork used a romantic, dreamlike style that frequently included the gold-and-violet palette of his father, among other American Impressionists, Gruelle's later illustrations used a brighter color palette. Animation historian Donald Crafton described Gruelle's illustrations as having a typically "clean, curvilinear style that looks ahead to the Disney graphics of the 1930s."<ref name=Hall-Child12/>

Cartoonists such as Sidney Smith, Theodor Geisel (Dr. Seuss), and Mary Engelbreit have named Gruelle among those who have inspired their work.<ref name=Hall-Raggedy20>Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 20.</ref> Gruelle's own creative work continues through the ongoing production of the Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy dolls and related items, numerous reprints of Gruelle's books, and adaptions of his work that includes numerous comic books, audio recordings, animated films, theatrical scripts and screenplays.<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 190–91. See also: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, pp. 158–80.</ref>

Honors and tributes

• Gruelle's Raggedy Ann doll was inducted into National Toy Hall of Fame in Rochester, New York, in 2002; Raggedy Andy was inducted in 2007.<ref name=GS144>Gugin and St. Clair, eds., p. 144.</ref>
• "Raggedy Ann in Ashland" was a segment of As It Was, a Southern Oregon Historical Society radio series that aired on Jefferson Public Radio in the early 2000s. The segment relates to the year that Gruelle spent in Ashland, Oregon, in 1923–24.<ref name="sohs"/>

Selected published works

File:Johnny Gruelle illustration - Rapunzel - Project Gutenberg etext 11027.jpg

Rapunzel, from an edition of Grimm's Fairy Tales, illustrated by Johnny Gruelle

Written and illustrated by Gruelle

• Mr. Twee Deedle (1913)<ref name=Hall199>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 199.</ref>
• Mr Twee Deedle's Further Adventures (1914)<ref name=Hall199/>
• The Travels of Timmy Toodles (1916)<ref name=Hall199/>
• My Very Own Fairy Stories (1917)<ref name=Banta126>Banta, p. 126.</ref><ref>Internet Archive, Template:Cite book</ref> Republished as Raggedy Ann's Fairy Stories (1928) and Raggedy Ann and Andy's Very Own Fairy Stories (1970)<ref>Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 88.</ref>
• The Funny Little Book (1918)<ref name=Hall199/>
• Raggedy Ann Stories (1918)<ref name=Banta126/><ref>Template:Cite book Free Ebook</ref>
• Friendly Fairies (1919)<ref name=Banta126/><ref>Template:Cite book Free Ebook</ref>
• Little Sunny Stories (1919)<ref name=Banta126/>
• Raggedy Andy Stories (1920)<ref name=Banta126/><ref>Template:Cite book Free Ebook</ref>
• The Little Brown Bear (1920)<ref name=Hall200>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 200.</ref>
• Orphant Annie Story Book (1921)<ref name=Banta126/><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
• Eddie Elephant (1921)<ref name=Banta126/>
• Johnny Mouse and the Wishing Stick (1922),<ref name=Banta126/> republished as Adventures of Johnny Mouse (2012)
• The Magical Land of Noom (1922)<ref name=Banta126/>
• Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Camel with the Wrinkled Knees (1924)<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 145.</ref>
• Raggedy Andy's Number Book (1924)<ref name=Hall200/>
• Raggedy Ann's Wishing Pebble (1925)<ref name=Hall200/>
• Template:Wikisource link (1925)<ref name=Hall200/>
• Beloved Belindy (1926)<ref name=Banta126/>
• The Paper Dragon: A Raggedy Ann Adventure (1926)<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 148, 156, 200.</ref>
• Wooden Willie (1927)<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 150, 200.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann's Magical Wishes (1928)<ref name=Banta126/>
• Marcella: A Raggedy Ann Story (1929)<ref name=Hall-Creator152-53-200>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 152–53, 200.</ref>
• The Cheery Scarecrow (1929)<ref name=Hall-Creator152-53-200/>
• Raggedy Ann in the Deep Deep Woods (1930)<ref name=Hall200/>
• Raggedy Ann's Sunny Songs (1930), words and illustrations by Johnny Gruelle, music by Will Woodin<ref name=Banta126/>
• The Cruise of the Rickety-Robin (1931)<ref name=Hall201>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 201.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann in Cookie Land (1931)<ref name=Banta126/>
• Raggedy Ann's Lucky Pennies (1932)<ref name=Hall201/>
• Raggedy Ann Cut-Out Paper Doll (1935)<ref name=Hall201/>
• Raggedy Ann's Little Brother Andy Cut-Out Paper Doll (1935)<ref>Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 131.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann in the Golden Meadow (1935)<ref>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 165.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and the Left-Handed Safety Pin (1935)<ref name=Banta126/>
• Raggedy Ann's Joyful Songs (1937), lyrics and illustrations by Johnny Gruelle, music by Charles Miller<ref name=Hall201/>
• Raggedy Ann and Maizie Moocow (1937)<ref name=Hall201/>
• Johnny Gruelle's Golden Book (1946)<ref>Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 141.</ref>

Written by Gruelle; illustrated by others

• Raggedy Ann in the Magic Book (1939)<ref>Illustrated by Justin Gruelle and/or Worth Gruelle. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 136. Also: Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 201.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and the Laughing Brook (1940)<ref name=McLaughlinClassics>Illustrated by Justin C. Gruelle. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 37.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and the Golden Butterfly (1940)<ref>Illustrated by Justin Gruelle. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 139.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann Helps Grandpa Hoppergrass (1940)<ref name=McLaughlinClassics/>
• Raggedy Ann and the Hoppy Toad (1940)<ref name=McLaughlinClassics/>
• Raggedy Ann in the Garden (1940)<ref name=McLaughlinClassics/>
• Raggedy Ann Goes Sailing (1941)<ref name=McLaughlinClassics/>
• The Camel with the Wrinkled Knees (1941)<ref name=McLaughlinClassics/>
• Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Nice Fat Policeman (1942)<ref>Illustrated by Worth Gruelle. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 142.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and Betsy Bonnet String (1943)<ref>Illustrated by Justin Gruelle. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 143.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann in the Snow White Castle (1946)<ref>Illustrated by Justin Gruelle. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 147.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and the Golden Ring (1961)<ref name=Hall152>Illustrated by Worth Gruelle with the assistance of Joni Gruelle (Worth Gruelle's daughter) See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 136.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and the Hobby Horse (1961)<ref name=Hall152/>
• Raggedy Ann and the Happy Meadow (1961)<ref name=Hall152/>
• Raggedy Ann and the Wonderful Witch (1961)<ref name=Hall152/>
• Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Kindly Ragman (1975)<ref name=Hall201-02>Illustrated by John E. Hopper. See Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, pp. 201–02.</ref>
• Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Witchie Kissabye (1975)<ref name=Hall201-02/>

Adaptations attributed to Gruelle, or based on his works

• Raggedy Ann and Andy—with Animated Illustrations (1944)<ref>Unattributed text; based on Gruelle's book, The Paper Dragon; animations by Julian Wehr. See: Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 146.</ref>

Compilation and/or reprints of Gruelle's works

• My Fairy Stories (2012), a collection of stories from My Very Own Fairy Stories
• Friendly Gnomes (2012), a collection of stories from Friendly Fairies

Illustrated by Gruelle; written by others

File:Johnny Gruelle - Sally Migrundy.jpg

The character "Sally Migrundy" from the anthology Friendly Fairies (1919)

• Grimm's Fairy Tales (1914)<ref>Color plates by Gruelle; pen-and-ink drawings by R. Emmett Owen. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, pp. 81, 105.</ref><ref>Template:Cite book Free Ebook</ref>
• Nobody's Boy (Sans Famille) (1916)<ref>Written by Hector Malot; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 84.</ref><ref>Template:Cite book Free Ebook</ref>
• Quacky Doodles' and Danny Daddles' Book (1916))<ref>Written by Rose Strong Hubbell; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 82.</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Rhymes for Kindly Children: Modern Mother Goose Jingles (1916)<ref>Rhymes by Farimont Snyder; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 86.</ref>
• All About Cinderella (1916),<ref>A traditional folktale retold and illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 92.</ref> republished as Cinderella (2012)
• All About Little Red Riding Hood (1916)<ref>Story retold and illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 92.</ref>
• All About Mother Goose (1916)<ref>Illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 85.</ref>
• All About Hansel and Grethel (1917),<ref name=HallCreator202>Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 202.</ref> republished as Hansel and Gretel (2012)
• All About the Little Small Red Hen (1917)<ref name=HallCreator202/><ref>Template:Cite book Free Ebook</ref>
• All About Little Black Sambo (1917)<ref>Unattributed, based on story by Helen Bannerman; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Creator, p. 202.</ref>
• Children's Favorite Fairy Tales: The Stories that Never Grow Old (1918)<ref>Illustrated by Gruelle, David Brett, Maria L. Kirk, et al. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 93.</ref>
• Sunny Bunny (1918)<ref>Written by Nina Wilcox Putnam; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 92.</ref>
• The Bam Bam Clock (1920)<ref>Written by J. P. McEvoy; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 97.</ref>
• Grimm's Fairy Stories (1922)<ref>Color illustrations by Gruelle; black-and-white illustrations by R. Emmett Owen. Originally published in Grimm's Fairy Tales (1914). See Hall, Johnny Gruelle, Creator of Raggedy Ann and Andy, p. 202.</ref>
• Man in the Moon Stories Told Over the Radio-Phone: First Stories for Children Broadcasted by Radio (1922)<ref>Written by Josephine Lawrence; illustrated by Gruelle. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 106.</ref>
• The Gingerbread Man (1930)<ref>Written by Josephine Lawrence; black-and-white illustrations by Gruelle; color illustrations by Robert Bezucha. See Hall, Raggedy Ann and Johnny Gruelle, p. 126.</ref>

External links

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• "Raggedy Ann and The Kite" (full text) at The Short Story Project
• "Raggedy Ann and the Kittens," at The Short Story Project
• "Finding Aid to the Gruelle Family Collection, 1888–2008," Template:Webarchive at The Strong National Museum of Play, Rochester, New York
• "Gruelle Mss.," Lilly Manuscript Collections, Indiana University Bloomington