Jordanian dinar

The Jordanian dinar (Template:Langx; code: JOD; unofficially abbreviated as JD) has been the currency of Jordan since 1950. The dinar is divided into 100 qirsh (also called piastres) or 1000 fulus. Fils are effectively obsolete; however, monetary amounts are still written to three decimal places representing fils. It is pegged to the US dollar.

The Central Bank of Jordan commenced operations in 1965 and became the sole issuer of Jordanian currency, in place of the Jordan Currency Board.

History

In 1927, the British administration of the Palestinian Mandate established the Palestine Currency Board which issued the Palestine pound which was the official currency in both Mandatory Palestine and the Emirate of Transjordan. Though Jordan became an independent kingdom on 25 May 1946, it continued to use the Palestinian pound for a while. In 1949, it passed the Provisional Act No. 35 of 1949, which established the Jordan Currency Board as the sole authority in the kingdom entitled to issue Jordanian currency, called the Jordanian dinar. The Board was based in London and consisted of a president and four members, and began issuing Jordanian dinars in 1949 and was exchangeable for Palestinian pounds at parity.

After Jordanian rule of the West Bank in April 1950, the dinar replaced the Palestinian pound. On 1 July 1950, the Jordanian dinar became the kingdom's official currency and legal tender. The use of the Palestine pound ceased in the country on 30 September 1950. The Central Bank of Jordan was established in 1959 and took over note production in 1964. In 1967, Jordan lost control of the West Bank, but the Jordanian dinar continued to be used there. It continues to be widely used in the West Bank alongside the Israeli shekel.<ref name=shekel>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 1988 and 1989, the dinar depreciated substantially due to mounting foreign debts in the kingdom. During that time, there were protests across the country.

Coins

Coins were introduced in 1949 in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 fils. The first issue of 1 fils were mistakenly minted with the denomination given as "1 fil". 20 fils coins were minted until 1965, with 25 fils introduced in 1968 and Template:Frac dinar coins in 1970. The 1 fils coin was last minted in 1985. In 1996, smaller Template:Frac dinar coins were introduced alongside Template:Frac and 1 dinar coins.

Until 1992, coins were denominated in Arabic using fils, qirsh, dirham and dinar but in English only in fils and dinar. Since 1992, the fils and dirham are no longer used in the Arabic and the English denominations are given in dinar and either qirsh or piastres.

Fifth issue (2000)
Image		Value	Diameter (mm)	Mass (g)	Composition		Edge	Obverse	Reverse	Issue	Other terms
Obverse	Reverse
File:Jordanian One Piaster Coin Obverse.jpg	File:The reverse View of the 1 Qirsh JOD.jpg	1 qirsh	25.00	5.50		Copper-plated steel	Plain	Abdullah II bin al-Hussein	Lettering: The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan; value Template:Small; year of issue Template:Small	2000
File:The Reverse View of the 5 Piaster JOD.jpg	File:The Obverse View of the 5 Qirsh JOD.jpg	5 piastres (qirsh)	26.00	5.00		Nickel-plated steel	Milled				50 fils Shilin
File:The Obverse View of the 10 Qirsh JOD.jpg	File:The Reverse View of the 10 Piaster JOD Coin.jpg	10 piastres (qirsh)	28.00	8.00							100 fils Bareezah
File:The Obverse View of the 25 Qirsh 0.25 JOD.jpg	File:The Obverse View of the 25 Qirsh JOD.jpg	Template:Frac dinar	26.50 Template:Small	7.40		Brass	Plain			2004	Rub'aTemplate:Efn 25 piastres 250 fils
File:The Reverse View of the 50 Qirsh JOD.jpg	File:The Obverse View of the 50 Qirsh JOD.jpg	Template:Frac dinar	29.00 Template:Small	9.60		Outer: Aluminium bronze				2000	NusfTemplate:Efn 50 piastres 500 fils
						Inner: Cupronickel

Banknotes

The Central Bank of Jordan is the sole authority to issue Jordanian banknotes since its establishment in 1964. It released into circulation its first series of Jordanian notes on August 4, 1965. From 1949 to 1965, currency issue was entrusted in the Jordan Currency Board. Before 1949, the Palestinian pound was used.<ref name=":26">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1949, banknotes were issued by the Jordan Currency Board in denominations of Template:Frac, 1, 5, 10 and 50 dinars. They bore the country's official name, "The Hashemite Kingdom of the Jordan".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> 20 dinar notes were introduced in 1977. The 50 dinar note was redesigned and the Template:Frac dinar notes were replaced by coins in 1999.

Issues by the Jordan Currency Board

First issue

First issue (1949–1952)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Image		Value	Dimensions (mm)	Main colour		Description		Issue
Obverse	Reverse					Obverse	Reverse
File:FIVE HUNDRED FILS JD 1949-obverse.jpg	File:FIVE HUNDRED FILS JD 1949-back.jpg	500 fils	128 x 76<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref>		Purple	Wadi Al Arab irrigation project<ref name=":0" />	Shepherd with his flock<ref name=":0" />	1949 (Gregorian) 1368 (Hijri)
File:ONE JD 1949-obverse.jpg	File:ONE JD 1949-back.jpg	1 dinar	160 x 86<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref>		Green	Abdullah I bin al-Hussein	Oval Plaza, Jerash<ref name=":1" />
File:FIVE JD 1949-obverse.jpg	File:FIVE JD 1949-back.jpg	5 dinars	169 x 88<ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref>		Red		Al-Khazneh<ref name=":2" />
File:TEN JD 1949-obverse.jpg	File:TEN JD 1949-back.jpg	10 dinars	185 x 97<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>		Blue
File:50 DINAR JD 1949 OBVERSE.png	File:50 DINAR JD 1949 REVERSE.png	50 dinars	190 x 100<ref name=":3">Template:Cite web</ref>		Brown		Aqaba<ref name=":3" />

Second issue

Second issue (1952–1965)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Image		Value	Dimensions (mm)	Main colour		Description		Issue
Obverse	Reverse					Obverse	Reverse
File:FIVE HUNDRED FILS JD 1952-obverse.jpg	File:FIVE HUNDRED FILS JD 1952-back.jpg	500 fils	128 x 76<ref name=":4">Template:Cite web</ref>		Purple	Wadi Al Arab irrigation project<ref name=":4" />	Shepherd with his flock<ref name=":4" />	1952 (Gregorian) 1371 (Hijri)
File:ONE JD 1952-obverse.jpg	File:ONE JD 1952-back.jpg	1 dinar	160 x 86<ref name=":5">Template:Cite web</ref>		Green	Hussein bin Talal	Oval Plaza, Jerash<ref name=":5" />
File:FIVE JD 1952-obverse.jpg	File:FIVE JD 1952-back.jpg	5 dinars	169 x 88<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>		Red		Al-Khazneh
File:TEN JD 1952-obverse.jpg	File:TEN JD 1952-back.jpg	10 dinars	185 x 97<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>		Blue

Issues by the Central Bank of Jordan

First issue

First issue (1965–1975)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Image		Value	Dimensions (mm)	Main colour		Description		Issue
Obverse	Reverse					Obverse	Reverse
File:Half JD 1959-obverse.jpg	File:Half JD 1959-back.jpg	Template:Fraction dinar	140 x 70<ref name=":7">Template:Cite web</ref>		Brown	Hussein bin Talal	Oval Forum, Jerash<ref name=":7"/>	4 August 1965<ref name=":7"/>
File:ONE JD 1959-obverse.jpg	File:ONE JD 1959-back.jpg	1 dinar	150 x 75<ref name=":7"/>		Green		Dome of the Rock<ref name=":7" />
File:FIVE JD 1959-obverse.jpg	File:FIVE JD 1959-back.jpg	5 dinars	164 x 82<ref name=":8">Template:Cite web</ref>		Red		Al-Khazneh<ref name=":8" />
File:TEN JD 1959-obverse.jpg	File:TEN JD 1959-back.jpg	10 dinars	175 x 88<ref name=":9">Template:Cite web</ref>		Blue		Al-Maghtas<ref name=":9" />

Second issue

Second issue (1975-1992)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Image	Value	Dimensions (mm)	Main colour		Description		Issue
					Obverse	Reverse
File:HALF JD DINAR 1975.jpg	Template:Fraction dinar	136 × 67.5<ref name=":10">Template:Cite web</ref>		Brown	Hussein bin Talal	Oval Forum, Jerash<ref name=":10" />	16 November 1975<ref name=":10" />
File:ONE JD DINAR 1975.jpg	1 dinar	144 × 71.5<ref name=":11">Template:Cite web</ref>		Green		Dome of the Rock<ref name=":11" />	16 November 1975<ref name=":11" />
File:FIVE JD DINAR 1975.jpg	5 dinars	152 × 76<ref name=":12">Template:Cite web</ref>		Red		Petra<ref name=":12" />	16 November 1975<ref name=":12" />
File:TEN JD DINAR 1975.jpg	10 dinars	160 × 80<ref name=":13">Template:Cite web</ref>		Blue		Cultural Palace, Al-Hussein Youth Sports City; Roman Amphitheater, Amman<ref name=":13" />	16 November 1975<ref name=":13" />
File:TWENTY JD DINAR BROWN 1975.jpg	20 dinars	168 × 84		Olive green<ref name=":14">Template:Cite web</ref>		Al-Hussein Thermal Power Station, Zarqa; Olive grove<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	3 June 1978<ref name=":26" />
File:TWENTY JD DINAR BLUE 1975.jpg				Blue green			25 August 1990<ref name=":14" />

Third issue

Third issue (1992-2002)<ref name=":20" />
Image	Value	Dimensions (mm)	Main colour		Description		Issue
					Obverse	Reverse
File:HALF JD 1992.jpg	Template:Fraction dinar	131 × 62<ref name=":21">Template:Cite web</ref>		Brown	Hussein bin Talal	Qusayr 'Amra<ref name=":21" />	1 August 1992<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22">Template:Cite web</ref>
File:ONE JD 1992.jpg	1 dinar	137 × 66<ref name=":22" />		Green		The Cardo, Jerash<ref name=":22" />
File:FIVE JD 1992.jpg	5 dinar	143 × 70<ref name=":23">Template:Cite web</ref>		Red		Al-Khazneh<ref name=":23" />	1 October 1992<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":24">Template:Cite web</ref>
File:TEN JD 1992.jpg	10 dinar	149 × 74<ref name=":24" />		Blue		Ajloun Castle<ref name=":24" />
File:TWENTY JD 1992.jpg	20 dinar	155 × 78<ref name=":25">Template:Cite web</ref>		Olive green		Dome of the Rock<ref name=":25" />	1 August 1992<ref name=":25" />

Fourth issue

Fourth issue (2002-2022)<ref name=":20">Template:Cite web</ref>
Image		Value	Dimensions (mm)	Main colour		Description		First printing	Issue
Obverse	Reverse					Obverse	Reverse
File:1 JOD Obverse1.jpg	File:1 JOD Reverse1.jpg	1 dinar	133 × 74<ref name=":15">Template:Cite web</ref>		Green	Hussein bin Ali; Silver Hashemite coin<ref name=":15" />	Great Arab Revolt; Supreme Order of the Renaissance<ref name=":15" />	2002 1423 AH	30 March 2003<ref name=":15" />
File:5 JOD Obverse1.jpg	File:5 JOD Reverse1.jpg	5 dinars	137 × 74<ref name=":16">Template:Cite web</ref>		Orange	Abdullah I bin al-Hussein; Army inspection<ref name=":16" />	Ma’an Palace; Umayyad coin minted in Jordan<ref name=":16" />		22 December 2002<ref name=":16" /><ref name=":17">Template:Cite web</ref>
File:10 JOD Obverse1.jpg	File:10 JOD Reverse1.jpg	10 dinars	141 × 74<ref name=":17" />		Blue	Talal bin Abdullah; Umm Qais Museum<ref name=":17" />	First Jordanian parliament; Wadi Rum; Decorative motif from Al Qastal<ref name=":17" />
File:20 JOD Obverse.jpg	File:20 JOD Reverse.jpg	20 dinars	145 × 74<ref name=":18">Template:Cite web</ref>		Cyan	Hussein bin Talal; King Abdullah I Mosque<ref name=":18" />	Dome of the Rock<ref name=":18" />		2 February 2003<ref name=":18" /><ref name=":19">Template:Cite web</ref>
File:50 JOD Obverse.jpg	File:50 JOD Reverse.jpg	50 dinars	149 × 74<ref name=":19" />		Brownish purple	Abdullah II bin al-Hussein<ref name=":19" />	Raghadan Palace; Marble carvings from Al-Aqsa Mosque; Black iris flower<ref name=":19" />

Fifth issue

Fifth issue (2022)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Image		Value	Dimensions (mm)<ref name=":26" />	Main colour		Description		First printing	Issue
Obverse	Reverse					Obverse	Reverse
File:1 One Dinar Front (2022).png	File:1 One Dinar Back(2022).png	1 dinar	133 × 74		Green	Hussein bin Ali; Acanthus syriacus	Mountains of Wadi Rum; Sinai rosefinch	2022	26 December 2022
File:5 Five Dinars Front (2022).png	File:5 Five Dinars Back (2022).png	5 dinars	137 × 74		Red	Abdullah I bin al-Hussein; Petra	Treasury, Petra		16 August 2023
File:10 Ten Dinars Front (2022).png	File:10 Ten Dinars Back (2022).png	10 dinars	141 × 74		Blue	Talal bin Abdullah; Qusayr 'Amra	Roman Theater, Amman		26 July 2023
File:20 Twenty Dinars Front (2022).png	File:20 Twenty Dinars Back (2022).png	20 dinars	145 × 74		Cyan	Hussein bin Talal; King Hussein Mosque	Wadi Mujib		21 March 2023
File:50 Fifty Dinars Front (2022).png	File:50 Fifty Dinars Back (2022).png	50 dinars	149 × 74		Purple	Abdullah II bin al-Hussein; Jerusalem	Wadi Rum		5 February 2023

Fixed exchange rate

Since October 23, 1995, the dinar has officially been pegged to the IMF's special drawing rights (SDRs), while in practice it was fixed at 1 U.S. dollar = 0.709 dinar most of the time, which is approximately 1 dinar = 1.41044 dollars.<ref>Exchange Rate Fluctuations, Programme Management Unit Template:Webarchive</ref><ref>Tables of modern monetary history: Asia Template:Webarchive</ref> The Central Bank buys U.S. dollars at 0.708 dinar per dollar, and sells U.S. dollars at 0.710 dinar per dollar.<ref>Report of the Working Party on the Accession of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to the World Trade Organization Template:Webarchive</ref>

A sample exchange rate of Jordanian dinars to US dollars:

Year	US Dollar =
1980	0.29 dinar
1985	0.39 dinar
1990	0.66 dinar
1995	0.70 dinar
2020	0.71 dinar

See also

• British currency in the Middle East
• Economy of Jordan
• Economy of the Palestinian territories
• Iraqi dinar

External links

• Coins of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
• Banknotes of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Template:Webarchive.
• The banknotes of Jordan Template:In lang