Junrei

Template:Short descriptionTemplate:More inlineTemplate:Expand Japanese Template:Nihongo is the word most commonly used for either of two major types of pilgrimages in Japan, in accordance with Buddhism or Shinto.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> These pilgrimages can be made as a visit to a group of temples, shrines, or other holy sites, in a particular order, often in a circuit of 33 or 88 sites. Other pilgrimages may center on a pilgrimage to a single site. One of the most popular pilgrimages for Buddhists in Japan is visiting the 88 temples on Shikoku. In certain contexts, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} can be used to refer to other pilgrimage practices in world religions foreign to Japan, such as the Hajj.

Pilgrimages can be organized by tour bus companies, taking only a couple of weeks to complete, although many pilgrims prefer to take the two- or three-month-long journeys on foot in the traditional manner. Pilgrims on the Shikoku {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} are referred to as Template:Nihongo and traditionally wear straw hats and white clothing.

Traditional observances

There are a number of rules traditionally observed while on a {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}.

• Pilgrimage as the ascetic.
• Must not kill any living things.
• Must not say immoral things to women.
• Have some medicines for your unexpected bad condition.
• Must not drink any alcohol.
• Do not quarrel with your partner.
• Do not have a lot of money.
• Do not have unnecessary baggage.
• Pay attention to your food hygiene.
• Go to an inn before it gets dark.
• Must not go out of an inn during the night.

References

<references/>

Bibliography

• Ambros, Barbara (1997). Liminal journeys: Pilgrimages of noblewomen in mid-Heian Japan, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 24 (3-4), 301-345
• Hoshino, Eiki (1997). Pilgrimage and peregrination: Contextualizing the Saikoku junrei and the Shikoku henro, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 24 (3-4), 271-299
• MacWilliams, Mark W. (1997). Temple myths and the popularization of Kannon pilgrimage in Japan: A case study of Ōya-ji on the Bandō Route, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 24 (3-4), 375-411
• Reader, Ian and Swanson, Paul L. (1997). Editors’ introduction: Pilgrimage in the Japanese religious tradition, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 24 (3-4), 225-270
• Reader, Ian (1997). Review: Local Histories, Anthropological Interpretations, and the Study of a Japanese Pilgrimage, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 30 (1-2), 119-132
• Reader, Ian (1991). Religion in Contemporary Japan, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
• Watkins, L. (2008). Japanese travel culture: An investigation of the links between early Japanese pilgrimage and modern Japanese travel behaviour, New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies 10 (2), 93-110