Kalady
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Kalady or Kaladi<ref name=":1" /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> is a town located between Angamaly and Perumbavoor, east of the Periyar River, near Malayattoor in Ernakulam district of Kerala, India, not far from Cochin International Airport. It is notable as the birthplace of 9th century Indian philosopher Adi Shankara.
History
Kalady was under Thekkemadom kingship, a kerala based Shankara Acharya mutt.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Unreliable source? In 1906 properties of paternal house of Sree Shankaracharya Kappilly<ref name=":1" /> was acquired by Proceedings of the Government of Travancore by Maharaja of Travancore by Diwan Madhav Rao Gazette 1374 R452 dated 27th Jan 1906<ref name=":1" />[PuraRekha Department Kerala]. This acquisition was along with the burial ground of Aryamba mother of Shankaracharya maintained till acquisition with daily lamp of respects by family of Shankara Acharya Kappilly, on a black lamp post well inscribed 'Thekke Madom Vaka' in Malayalam script.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The centenary of Kalady was celebrated in May 2010, and the story of its re-discovery a hundred years ago has been documented in a film by Sringeri Sharada Peetham.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Location
Etymology
In Malayalam, Kalady means "footprint". The village was previously called Sasalam.<ref name=":1">Kalady Devaswom official web site www.kaladydevaswom.org</ref><ref>Sivarahasyam (Epic) on birth of Shankaracharya</ref> All traditional and hagiographical sources maintain that Kalady was Shankara's birthplace. It is situated on the banks of river Periyar. Kalady is believed to have been found by a chieftain named Rajasekara, whose dream was influenced by Hindu god Shiva. He also built a temple for Shiva at this place and made a settlement for Brahmins. There are two temples within Kalady - one for Saradamba and other for Shankara as Dakshinamurthi. Sringeri Mutt and Kanchi Mutt have their branches here. A Template:Convert tall Adi Sankara Kirti Stamba Mandapa was built by Kanchi Mutt under the aegis of its pontiff Chandrasekarendra Saraswati. A Sanskrit University is run by Sringeri Mutt within its grounds. <ref name=Ram>Template:Cite book</ref>
Places of interest
Temples and monasteries
Shankara Temple
The Shankara Shrine in Kalady, run by the Sringeri Mutt, is a large, partly open structure situated on the northern bank of the river Periyar. There are two major shrines in the temple; one is dedicated to Shankara and the other to Goddess Saradamba, the main deity of Sringeri. The samadhi (place of death) of Shankara's mother is also located here. A small shrine to Vinayaka is the scene of evening prayers, chanted to the rhythmic ringing of cymbals. The worship in these temples is done by Tamil or Kannada Smartha Brahmins and not by Namboothiris.Template:Citation needed
Ramakrishna Advaita Ashram
The Ramakrishna Advaita Ashram<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> is a branch centre of Ramakrishna Math, headquartered at Belur, West Bengal. It is located very near the accepted birthplace of Shankara. It has a spacious prayer hall and a shrine modeled on the Sri Ramakrishna temple at Belur Math. The Ashram also runs a school (Brahmanandodayam), a charitable dispensary, and a library.
Sri Adi Sankara Keerthi Sthamba Mandapam
Sri Adi Sankara Keerthi Sthamba Mandapam is an eight-story memorial built by Kanchi Kamakoti Math. The entrance to the memorial, guarded by two elephant statues, leads to the Paduka Mandapam. Two silver knobs represent the padukas, or wooden sandals of the Teacher. The walls of the memorial feature framed relief paintings that tell the story of Adi Shankaracharya. It also depicts the Ṣanmatam promulgated by Śankarachārya comprising Śaivam, Vaiśnavam, Śāktam, Gānapatyam, Souram and Kaumāram. These are the major cults in Hinduism which reinstated the Vedic path. The famous Shankara Stupa has eight sides. Adi Shankara's shrines in Kalady are open to all pilgrims irrespective of religion and caste. Visitors can review the life of Shankaracharya as they climb to the top.Template:Citation needed
Sri Krishna Temple
To the west of the Sringeri Math temple complex is a temple dedicated to Krishna. This temple is known as the ancestral deity of Shankaracharya. It is mentioned as the kuladevata (ancestral deity) in verse 243 of Shankara's Prabodha Sudhakaram. The temple is under Kalady Devasthanam, in trusteeship of two Namboothiri families who had close associations with the life of Shankara. It is also the only surviving structure from the time of Shankara. The worship in this temple is also conducted by Namboothiris, unlike in the Shankaracharya temple. The important event in this temple is Kanakadhara Yanjam. Sree Sankara during pendency of upanayanam went begging for alms around and reached door steps of a poor widowed lady who had nothing but a dried amla to offer. Moved by the condition of that lady and her broad mind to offer whatever is available to bala Bhikshu, Sankara instantly recited Kanakadhara stotram. The golden gooseberry rain fell in the garden of that old lady and the house got to be known as Swarnathu mana (Originally known as Punnorkkott Mana). The ancestral deity temple of Sree Sankaracharya long back has started a Yagna during Sankara Jayanti season chanting Kanakadhara stotram by 32 Brahmins representing 32 years of life of that great guru.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Manickamangalam Karthyayani Temple
One kilometre north of Kalady is the Manickamangalam temple, dedicated to Bhagavathi, or the goddess Durga. Shankara's father Sivaguru was the priest in this temple.Template:Citation needed
Mattoor Thiru Vellaman Thulli Siva Temple
Vellamanthulli temple is two kilometres west of Kalady.Template:Citation needed
Nayathodu Sankara Narayana Temple
Nayathodu Sankara Narayana Temple, 3 km west of Kalady, is an example of Advaita in worship by Shankaracharya. According to legend, once Shankara prayed to Vishnu in this Shiva temple, Vishnu also came to reside in same idol. To this day, after offerings are made to Shiva, everything is removed and offerings are made to the same idol for Vishnu.Template:Citation needed
Manjapra Karppilli Kavu Siva Temple
Sivasarman Nambudiri, Shankaracharya's father, was the priest of Karpillykavu Shiva temple, just 8 km south at Manjapra.Template:Citation needed
Thekke Madam
Thekke Madam is just adjacent to Krishna Temple. It was founded by the Trichur Shankaracharya.
As a homage to Shankara, this Trichur Math was given special archana rights at Krishna Temple, the temple of the Shankara's ancestral deity, in year 825. To facilitate this leasehold property (kana pattam), lands were provided by Kalady Devaswom. This Math was given kingship rights in Kalady in 1730, thus marking the area of Sankara Sanketham. This was the only Math of Shankaracharya tradition for centuries that respected Kalady and sanctified it.Template:Citation needed
In modern times, the area is leased by the Sringeri Math which also runs a Vedic school there.
Aryadevi Samadhi Mandapam
Aryadevi Samadhi Mandapam is dedicated to Aryadevi (Aryamba), Shankaracharya's mother, as the place of her cremation. Shankara performed the cremation of his mother after her death. He was assisted by two of the ten Namboothiri families of Kalady. One family, Kappilly Mana, honoured the location with daily lamps for centuries. It was noticing the daily lamp Nadukaveri Sreenivasa Sastrikal, special envoy of Sringeri Math, identified and accepted Kalady as Shankaracharya's birthplace in 1905. The Raja of Travancore acquired the whole area from Kappilly Mana in 1905 and handed it over to the Sringeri Math which now maintains the Mandap.Template:Citation needed
Ancient ghats
The three ghats below are adjacent, and span west to east in chronological order.
Kalady Kadavu (Aaraattu Kadavu)
The Kalady Kadavu is the place where the river took its turn, and where Kalady was born. It was also the place where Shankara had first performed Aaraattu (a river bath of an idol) for his ancestral deity before installing it at its current location. For centuries, during the festival at Sree Krishna Temple, the Aarattu has been carried out at this ghat.Template:Citation needed
Crocodile Ghat
The "Muthala Kadavu," or Crocodile Ghat, is where Shankara's life turned to sannyasa (ascetic life).Template:Citation needed
His mother Aryamba did not agree with his desire to become a sannyasin. Legend says that one day, Shankara was touched by a dog and, as per custom followed by the community, Shankara had to take bath. Accompanied by mother, Shankara went to river Poorna to bathe. While in the water, a crocodile caught hold of his leg. The drowning boy told his mother that the crocodile would leave him alone if she would allow him to take up sannyasa. Helpless, his mother agreed, and the crocodile freed Shankara.
Ghat of the post-funeral rites of Mother Aryamba
Here is the ghat where Shankara performed the Apara Kriyas (the rituals after death and cremation as per Nambudiri rituals) for his mother Aryamba. Today, the ghat is within the temple complex of Sree Sringeri Math.Template:Citation needed
Festivals
Sankara Jayanti is celebrated for five days in April or May every year. The celebration includes several religious rites. Navaratri is celebrated for nine days during September or October with music, the chariot festival, rathostavam, and other festivities.Template:Citation needed
The annual festival of the Lord of Kalady — Lord Krishna Thiru Kalady Appan — falls on 6 January. One distinct activity, the Aaraatu of Lord Krishna (the river bath), has been taking place for centuries in the holy ghat where Kalady was born. Every year during the Ṣankara Jayanti time (April–May), Kanakadhāra Yajñam is also being conducted with great participation of people even from far distance.Template:Citation needed
Kanjoor Thirunal is also a very popular festival in this area.
Education
The following institutions of learning are located in this region:
- Adi Sankara Institute of Engineering and Technology
- Sree Sankara College
- Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit
Transport
Cochin International Airport is located Template:Convert from Kalady. The nearest railway station the Angamaly railway station.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See also
References
<references />
External links
st:Joseph's Girls High School Chengal st:Sebastian's High School Kanjoor st:Thomas Higher Secondary School Malayaattoor