List of rulers in Wales

This is a list of rulers in Wales (Template:Langx; and neighbouring regions) during the Middle Ages, between the 5th and 16th centuries. The rulers were monarchs who ruled their respective realms, as well as those who briefly ruled the Principality of Wales. These former territories are now within the boundaries of modern-day Wales and the neighbouring Welsh Marches in England (both in the United Kingdom).

Before the Edwardian Conquest, completed in 1283, Wales consisted of several independent realms, the most important being Gwynedd, Powys, Deheubarth (which was formed from lands belonging to Ceredigion, Dyfed and latterly Seisyllwg) and Morgannwg (formed from Glywysing and Gwent). Boundary changes and the custom of dividing patrimonies between heirs meant that few princes ever came close to ruling the whole of Wales.

The names of those known to have ruled over one or more areas are listed below. Boundaries changed frequently. The only known native ruler of all of present-day Wales was Gruffudd ap Llywelyn (c. 1010–1063), a Prince of Gwynedd who became King of Wales from 1055 to 1063. However, some Welsh princes sporadically claimed the medieval title of "Prince of Wales" between the 13th to 15th centuries. The title remains in use but is given to heirs apparent of English and British monarchs.

File:Medieval Wales.JPG

Map of medieval Wales

History of the medieval kingdoms in Wales

File:Y Draig Aur Owain Glyndŵr.jpg

Owain Glyndwr's gold Welsh dragon flag

Wales during the medieval age was a land of kingdoms and dynasties. Petty kingdoms, such as Ceredigion and Gwent, were established some time after Britain ceased to be part of the Roman empire in the late 5th century. By the time of the Norman invasion of Wales in the 11th century, most of these realms were combined or incorporated into greater territories, thus making up the four major Kingdoms of Wales. Those Kingdoms were Gwynedd, Powys, Deheubarth, and Morgannwg. Unlike the others, Deheubarth was formed later by the merging of Ceredigion, Dyfed, and Ystrad Tywi. Some minor (petty) kingdoms stayed independent from the big four kingdoms, only to be taken over by the Anglo-Normans in the 13th century, such as Rhwng Gwy a Hafren, and Meirionnydd, and others. Of the major kingdoms, Powys' 13th century division of Wenwynwyn and Fadog were one of the final surviving Welsh dynasties until after the Edwardian conquest of Wales. Later, Owain Glyndŵr became the final Welsh ruler from royalty in Wales, he emerged in Powys Fadog during the early 15th century as a Prince of Wales.Template:Sfn<ref name=Cunedda>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Welsh Kingdoms (400s–1000s)

Kings of Brycheiniog

• Anlach mac Cormac;Template:Sfn
• Brychan ab Anlach (c. 400 or 470)Template:SfnTemplate:Efn
• Tewdwr ap Rhain (c. 700);Template:Sfn
• Nowy (c. 725);Template:Sfn
• Gruffudd ap Nowy (c. 750).<ref name=Gruffudd_ap/>

Kings and Princes of Ceredigion

• Ceredig ap Cunedda, c. 5th century (410);<ref name=Cunedda/>Template:Sfn
• Usai ap Ceredig (c. 450);Template:Sfn
• Serwyl ab Usai (c. 490);Template:Sfn
• Boddw ap Serwyl (c. 530);Template:Sfn
• Arthfoddw ap Boddw (c. 570);<ref name=Arth/>
• Arthlwys ab Arthfoddw (c. 610);Template:Sfn
• Clydog ab Arthlwys (c. 650);Template:Sfn
• Seisyll ap Clydog, King of Seisyllwg (c. 690, Ceredigion and Ystrad Tywi);Template:Sfn
• Arthen ap Seisyll (d. 807);Template:Sfn
• Dyfnwallon ab Arthen (c. 750);Template:Sfn
• Meurig ap Dyfnwallon (c. 780);<ref name=Meurig/>
• Gwgon ap Meurig (d. 872).Template:Sfn

Kings and Princes of Dyfed

• Triffyn Farfog (c. 430)Template:Sfn
• Aergol Lawhir (c. 460)Template:Sfn
• VortiporiusTemplate:Sfn
• Cloten (c. 600, Gwlyddein ap Nowy ap Arthur)Template:Sfn
• Maredudd ap Tewdwr (d. 796)<ref name="Maredudd"/>
• Rhain ap Maredudd (d. 808)<ref name=R/>
• Owain ap Maredudd (d. 811)<ref name="Owain"/>
• Triffyn ap Rhain (d. 814)Template:Sfn
• Hyfaidd ap Bleddri (d. 893)Template:Sfn
• Llywarch ap Hyfaidd (d. 904)Template:Sfn
• Rhodri ap Hyfaidd (d. 905)<ref name="Rhodri"/>

Kingdom of Gwynedd

Kings of Gwynedd

• Cunedda Wledig ap Edern (c. 370)<ref name=Cunedda/>Template:Sfn
• Einion Yrth ap Cunedda (Einion 'the Impetuous'; c. 410)<ref name=Einion/>
• Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion (Cadwallon 'of the Long Hand'; c. 440)<ref name="Cadwallon"/>
• Maelgwn Hir ap Cadwallon (Maelgwn 'the Tall'; Maelgwn Gwynedd; d. 547)Template:Sfn
• Rhun Hir ap Maelgwn (Rhun 'the Tall'; c. 500)Template:Sfn
• Beli ap Rhun<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Iago ap Beli (died c. 616)Template:Sfn
• Cadfan ap Iago (c. 565)Template:Sfn
• Cadwallon ap Cadfan (d. 634)Template:Sfn
• Cadafael Cadomedd ap Cynfeddw (Cadfael 'the Battle-Shirker')Template:Sfn
• Cadwaladr Fendigaid ap Cadwallon (Cadwaladr 'the Blessed'; died 664)Template:Sfn
• Idwal Iwrch ap Cadwaladr (Idwal 'the Roebuck'; c. 660)Template:Sfn
• Rhodri Molwynog ap Idwal (Rhodri 'the Bald and Grey'; d. 754)Template:Sfn
• Caradog ap Meirion (d. 798, Prince of Rhos)Template:Sfn
• Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri (d. 816)Template:Sfn
• Hywel ap Caradog<ref name="Hywel_ap"/>
• Merfyn Frych ap Gwriad (d. 844)Template:Sfn

Princes of Dogfeiling

• Dogfael ap Cunedda Wledig (c. 410)Template:Sfn
• Elno ap Dogfael (c. 440)Template:Sfn
• Glas ap Elno (c. 470)Template:Sfn
• Elgud ap Glas ap Elno (c. 500)Template:Sfn
• Elaeth ab Elgud (c. 530)Template:Sfn
• Meurig ap Elaeth (c. 570)<ref name=Meurig/>

Princes of Dunoding

• Dunod ap Cunedda Wledig (c. 400)Template:Sfn
• Eifion ap Dunod ap Cunedda (c. 430)<ref name=Eifion/>
• Dingad ap Eifion (c. 470)Template:Sfn
• Meurig ap Dingad (c. 500)<ref name=Meurig/>
• Eifion ap Meurig (c. 530)<ref name=Eifion/>
• Issac ap Eifion ap Meurig (c. 570)Template:Sfn
• Pobien Hen ap Isaac (c. 600)<ref name=Pobein/>
• Pobddelw ap Pobien Hen (c. 630)<ref name=Pobein/>
• Eifion ap Pobddelw (c. 670)<ref name=Eifion/>
• Brochwel ap Eifion (c. 700)Template:Sfn
• Eigion ap Brochwel ab Eifion (c. 730)<ref name=Eifion/>
• Ieuanawl ab Eigion (c. 770)<ref name=Ieu/>
• Caradog ap Ieuanawl (c. 800)Template:Sfn
• Blieddud ap Caradog (c. 830)Template:Sfn
• Cuhelyn ap Bleiddud (c. 870)Template:Sfn

Princes of Penllyn

• Pebid 'Penllyn'Template:EfnTemplate:Sfn
• Sulbych ap Pebid 'Penllyn'Template:Sfn
• Beblych ap SulbychTemplate:Sfn
• Gorflwng ap BeblychTemplate:Sfn
• Cyndwlff ap GorflwngTemplate:Sfn
• Pandwlff ap CyndwlffTemplate:Sfn
• Ystader ap PandwlffTemplate:Sfn
• Puter ab YstaderTemplate:Sfn
• Caper ap PuterTemplate:Sfn
• Pybyr ap CaperTemplate:Sfn
• Cadwr ap PybyrTemplate:Sfn
• Deiniog ap CadwrTemplate:Sfn
• Dyfnwal ap DeiniogTemplate:Sfn
• Brochwel ap DyfnwalTemplate:Sfn
• Ednyfed ap BrochwelTemplate:Sfn
• Tudwal ab EdnyfedTemplate:Sfn
• Doned ap TudwalTemplate:Sfn
• Coed ap DonedTemplate:Sfn
• Lleuddogw ap CoedTemplate:Sfn
• Meirion ap LleuddogwTemplate:Sfn
• Meirion ap LleuddogwTemplate:Sfn

Princes of Rhos

• Owain Ddantgwyn ap Einion Yrth (Rhos; c. 440)Template:Sfn
• Cynlas Goch ab Owain Gwyn (c. 470, Rhos)<ref name=Rhos/>
• St Einion (Llŷn) ap Owain (c. 470)<ref name=Rhos/>
• Maig ab Owain ap Cynlas (c. 500)Template:Sfn
• Cadal Crysban (c. 560, Crys-Halog)Template:Sfn
• Idgwyn ap Cadwal Crysbyn (c. 590)Template:Sfn
• Einion ab Idgwyn (c. 620)<ref name=Einion/>
• Rhufon ap Einion ap Idgwyn (c. 650)<ref name=Rhufon/>
• Hywel ap Rhufon (c. 680)<ref name="Hywel_ap"/>
• Meirion ap Hywel ap Rhufon (c. 710)Template:Sfn
• Hywel ap Caradog (c. 825, Hywel Farf-Fehinog)Template:Sfn

Princes of Rhufoniog

• Rhufon ap Cunedda Wledig (c. 400)<ref name=Rhufon/>
• Breichiol (c. 830)Template:Sfn
• Môr ap Breichiol (c. 870)Template:Sfn
• Aeddan ap Môr (c. 900)Template:Sfn
• Morudd ab Aeddan (c. 930)<ref name=Morudd/>
• Môr ap Morudd (c. 970)Template:Sfn

Kingdom of Morgannwg

Kings of Ergyng

Template:See also Kingdom of Ergyng, in Wales and on the border of what is now Herefordshire, England.<ref name=Peibio/>

• Peibio Clafrog ap Erb (c. 525), King of Ergyng<ref name=Peibio/>
• Cynfyn ap Peibio (c. 550)Template:Sfn
• GwrfoddwTemplate:Sfn
• Gwrgan Fawr ap Cynfyn (c. 650)Template:Sfn

Kings of Ewyas

Template:See also Regional Kingdom of Ewyas (Ewias) in Wales and Herefordshire, England.Template:Sfn

• Clydog ap Clydwyn (grandson of Brychan c. 400)Template:Sfn

Kings of Glywysing

• Glywys ap Solor (c. 430)Template:Sfn
  • Pawl Penychen (c. 465)Template:Sfn
  • Mechwyn, ruler of Gorfynydd, cantref of GlywysingTemplate:Citation needed
• Ithel ap Morgan (c. 690, reign 710–745)Template:Sfn
• Hywel ap Rhys (d. 886?)Template:Sfn
• Gruffydd ab Owain (King of Gower d. 934/5)<ref name=Gruffudd_ap/>
• Cadwgan ab Owain (King of Margam d. 949)<ref name=Cadwgan/>
• Hywel ab Owain (King of Gwlad Forgan – Glamorgan d. 1043)<ref name="Hywel_ap"/>

Prince of Glywysing

• Athrwys ap Meurig (c. 620)Template:Sfn

Kings of Gwent

• Ynyr Gwent (c. 450)Template:Sfn
• Caradoc ap Ynyr (c. 480)Template:Sfn
• Ffernfael ab IdwalTemplate:Citation needed
• Ithel ap HywelTemplate:Citation needed
  • Ffernafael ab Ithel ap Morgan (c. 775)<ref name=Ffernafael/>
  • Meurig ap HywelTemplate:Citation needed
  • Ffernfael ap Meurig<ref name="Brochwel"/>
  • Brochwel ap Meurig (c. 830)<ref name="Brochwel"/>
• Arthfael ap Hywel (c. 860)<ref name=Arth/>
• Ithel ab Athrwys ap Ffernfael (d. 848)<ref name="Ithel"/>
• Arthfael ap Noe (c. 930)<ref name=Arth/>
• Rhodri ab Elise<ref name="Rhodri"/>
• Gruffudd ap Elise<ref name="Edwin"/>
• Edwyn ap Gwriad (c. 1020)<ref name="Edwin"/>

Rulers of Gwynllŵg

Template:See also Kings and Lords in the cantref of Gwynllwg, in Glamorgan (Gwent).<ref name=ap_Rhydderch/><ref name=Turvey17/>

• Gwynllyw ap Glywys (c. 460), ruler of Gwynllwg, cantref of GlywysingTemplate:Sfn
  • Saint Cadoc (c. 495), son of Gwynllyw, ruler of GwynllwgTemplate:Sfn

Kings of Morgannwg

The Kingdom of Morgannwg was formed by the merging of the two Kingdoms of Morgannwg and Gwent. At times, the kingdoms were separate and independent.

• Ithel ab Athrwys ab Meurig (c. 650)<ref name="Ithel"/>
• Owain, King of Morgannwg (c. 930)<ref name="Morgan"/>
• Morgan Hen ab Owain (d. 974)<ref name="Morgan"/><ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain ap Morgan Hen (c. 974)<ref name="Owain"/>

Kingdom of Powys

Kings of Powys

• Gwrtheyrn (c. 365 High-King Vortigern), ruled Buellt and GwrtheyrnionTemplate:Sfn
  • Cadeyrn Fendigaid (or Catigern, c. 400; son of Gwrtheyrn)Template:Sfn
    • Cadell Ddyrnllug (c. 430; son of Cadeyrn)Template:Sfn
      • Cyngen Glodrydd (c. 460; son of Cadell)<ref name="C"/>
    • Rhuddfedel Frych (430?; son of Cadeyrn)Template:Sfn
  • Pasgen ap Gwrtheyrn (or Pascent, c. 400), ruled Buellt and GwrtheyrnionTemplate:Sfn
    • Mawgan ap Pasgen (c. 430)Template:Sfn
• Brochwel Ysgithrog (c. 490)<ref name="Brochwel"/>
• Cynan Garwyn (c. 520)<ref name="C"/>
• Selyf ap Cynan (c. 550, Selyf Sarffgadau)Template:Sfn
• Manwgan ap Selyf (c. 580, Mael Myngan ap Selyf Sarffgadau)Template:Sfn
• Eiludd PowysTemplate:Sfn
• Beli ab Eiludd, son of Manwgan/MynganTemplate:Sfn
• Gwylog ap Beli (c. 640)Template:Sfn
• Elisedd ap Gwylog (c. 680)Template:Sfn
• Brochfael ab Elisedd (c. 705 Brochwel ab Elise)<ref name="Brochwel"/>
• Cadell ap Brochfael ab AeddanTemplate:Sfn
• Cyngen ap Cadell ap Brochwel (died 855)Template:Sfn

Descendants of Rhodri Mawr

• Merfyn ap Rhodri (d. 904)Template:Sfn
• Llywelyn ap Merfyn (c. 870)<ref name=Llyw/>

Pengwern

Template:See also The former petty Kingdom of Pengwern, today located in the Midlands, possibly around the Wrekin, England.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

• Cyndrwyn (c. 535)Template:Sfn
• Cynddylan ap Cyndrwyn (fl. 642)Template:Sfn

Welsh regional kingdoms

All of Wales

Template:See also Overlord of Wales (King of Wales) as a modern territory by 1055.<ref name="Gruffydd_ap"/>

• Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c. 1039–1063)<ref name="Gruffydd_ap">Template:Cite DWB</ref>

North Wales

Template:See also Kings and Princes of the Kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys.<ref name="Gruffydd_ap"/><ref name=historygwyn>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Iago ab Idwal (d. 942)<ref name="Iago"/>
• Bleddyn ap Cynfyn (d. 1075)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Rhiwallon ap Cynfyn (d. 1070)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

South Wales

• Cadell ap Rhodri (878–910)Template:Sfn

Kings and Princes of Buellt and Gwrtheyrnion

• Pasgen ap Gwrtheryn, son of Vortigern (c. 400, Pascent)Template:Sfn
• Pawl ap Mepurit (c. 510)Template:Sfn
• Eldog ap Pawl (c. 550)<ref name=Eldog/>
• Eldad ab Eldog ap Paul (c. 590)<ref name=Eldog/>
• Morudd ab Eldad (c. 630)<ref name=Morudd/>
• Pasgen Buellt ap Gwyddaint (c. 700)Template:Sfn
• Tewdwr ap Pasgen (c. 730)Template:Sfn
• Gloud ap Pasgn Buellt (c. 730)Template:Sfn
• Ffernfael ap Tewdwr (c. 760, Theodore)<ref name=Ffernafael/>

Ceredigion, Meirionnydd, Gwynedd

King of an enlarged Gwynedd (also Rhos and Rhufoniog), including Ceredigion (Deheubarth), Meirionnydd and Dyffryn Clwyd, making his realm North West and West Wales.<ref name=Gruff_ap/>

• Gruffudd ap Cynan (c. 1081–1137), King of Gwynedd<ref name=Gruff_ap>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Deheubarth, Gwynedd

Kingdoms in the West and North West of Wales.<ref name=historydeheu>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Maredudd ab Owain (Owain ap Hywel's son, d. 999)<ref name="Maredudd"/>
• Aeddan ap Blegywryd (d. 1018)Template:Sfn
• Llywelyn ap Seisyll (d. 1023)<ref name=Llyw/><ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Deheubarth, Gwynedd, Powys

North and Mid to South West Wales.<ref name=historygwyn/><ref name=historydeheu/>

• Rhodri Mawr (872–878)Template:Sfn<ref name=Mawr>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Dyfed, Brycheiniog

• Cathen ap Gwlyddein (c. 625)Template:Sfn
• Cadwgon ap Cathen (c. 650)<ref name=Cadwgan/>
• Rhain ap Cadwgan (c. 675, Cadwgon), and Ystrad TywiTemplate:Sfn

Dyfed, Gwynedd, Powys, Seisyllwg

King of all of Wales, except for Morgannwg and Gwent (south and southeast of Wales).<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

• Hywel Dda (Template:Langx) (d. 950)<ref name="Hywel"/>

Ergyng, Gwent

• Erb (c. 500)Template:Sfn

Glywysing, Gwent

Template:See also South East of Wales.<ref name=historymorg>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Tewdrig (Glywysing and Gwent, c. 575)Template:Sfn
• Meurig ap Tewdrig (Glywysing and Gwent c. 590)Template:Sfn
• Morgan ab Athrwys (Glywysing and Gwent c. 650)Template:Sfn
• Meurig ab Ithel (c. 720, reign 745–775)Template:Sfn
• Arthfael Hen ap Rhys (Template:Langx, c. 760)<ref name=Arth/>
• Owain ap Hywel (c. 860)<ref name="Owain"/>
• Caradog ap Gruffydd (d. 1081)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Iestyn ap Gwrgan(t) (c. 1081–1093, Lord of Glamorgan)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Gwent, Morgannwg

South and South East of Wales.<ref name=historymorg/>

• Meurig ap Hywel (Gwent and Morgannwg)<ref name="Edwin"/>
• Cadwgan ap Meurig (Gwent and Morgannwg)Template:Citation needed

Welsh Royal Houses (870s–1283)

The three Royal Houses of Wales' regions were first divided by Rhodri the Great in the 9th century. Of his children, two of King's sons began royal dynasties. Anarawd reigned in Gwynedd (Aberffraw), and Cadell founded Deheubarth (Dinefwr), then another son Merfyn reigned in Powys (Mathrafal emerged as a cadet branch of Dinefwr in the 11th century).<ref name=Mawr/><ref name=Lars>Template:Cite book</ref>

Aberffraw

Aberffraw Kings of Gwynedd

• Anarawd ap Rhodri (d. 916)Template:Sfn
• Idwal Foel ab Anarawd (Template:Langx, d. 942)Template:Sfn
• Ieuaf ab Idwal (d. 988)<ref name=Ieu/>
• Hywel ab Ieuaf (d. 985)<ref name="Hywel_ap"/>
• Cadwallon ab Ieuaf (d. 986)<ref name="Cadwallon"/>
• Cynan ap Hywel (d. 1003)Template:Sfn
• Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig (d. 1039)<ref name="Iago"/>
• Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd (c. 1170–1195)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Aberffraw King of Ceredigion

• Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd (d. 1170)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Aberffraw Prince of Anglesey

• Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd (d. 1173)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Aberffraw Princes of Gwynedd

• Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd (1175–1194, 1194–1195)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain Goch ap Gruffydd (c. 1246–1255, Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Dinefwr

Template:See also The Kingdom of Deheubarth was formed by the union of the Kingdoms of Ceredigion (also known as Seisyllwg) and Dyfed by Hywel Dda in 910.<ref name="Hywel"/>

Dinefwr Kings of Deheubarth

• Owain ap Hywel (c. 900)Template:Sfn
• Rhodri ap Hywel (d. 953)<ref name="Rhodri"/>
• Edwin ap Hywel (d. 954)Template:Sfn
• Rhydderch ap Iestyn (d. 1033)Template:Sfn
• Hywel ab Edwin (d. 1044)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin (d. 1072)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Rhys ab Owain ab Edwin (d. 1078)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Rhys ap Tewdwr (c. 1078Template:Snd1093)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Dinefwr Princes of Deheubarth

• Gruffydd ap Rhys (c. 1090Template:Snd1137)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Anarawd ap Gruffydd (d. 1143)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Cadell ap Gruffydd (d. 1175)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Maredudd ap Gruffydd (c. 1130–1155)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Gruffydd ap Rhys (d. 1201)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Rhys Gryg (d. 1234, Template:Langx, also Template:Langx)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Mathrafal

Mathrafal Princes of Powys

• Iorwerth ap Bleddyn (d. 1111)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Cadwgan ap Bleddyn (d. 1111)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain ap Cadwgan (d. 1116)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Maredudd ap Bleddyn Cynfyn<ref name="Madog"/>
• Madog ap Maredudd (d. 1160)<ref name=Madog>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Mathrafal Prince of Powys Fadog

• Gruffydd Maelor I, son of Madog ap Maredudd (d. 1191)<ref name=Maelor>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Mathrafal Princes of Powys Wenwynwyn

• Gruffudd, son of Maerdudd ap Bleddyn<ref name=Powys/><ref name=Cyfeilog>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain Cyfeiliog (d. 1197)<ref name=Cyfeilog/>

Welsh Lordships (1000s–1500s)

The Lords of Welsh areas once belonging to monarchies. They were ruled by the direct descendants and heirs of Kings in Wales from around the time of the Norman invasion of Wales (1000s), some of which lasted until after the conquest of Wales by Edward I (c. 1300s), and in a few instances, Welsh baronies lasted later into the Principality of Wales.<ref name=Cynan_ab/>Template:Sfn<ref name=Glyndwr/><ref name=Nannau/>

Lords of Afan

Template:See also Listed Lords of Nedd-Avan (Avene, Template:Langx), dynasty of Glamorgan, Morgannwg (not the Norman Lordship of Glamorgan).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=Turvey17/>

• Caradog ap Iestyn (c. 1130, son of Istyn ap Gwrgant)<ref name=Caradog_>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain ap Caradog, Lord of Afan<ref name=Caradog_/>
• Maerdudd, Lord of Miskin<ref name=Mor1208/>
• Morgan (d. 1208)<ref name=Mor1208>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Leision<ref name=Gam/>
• Morgan Gam (d. 1241)<ref name=Gam>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Morgan Fychan (d. 1288)<ref name=MorFych>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Rhys<ref name=MorFych/>

Lords of Arwystli and Cedewain

Template:See also The regional territories as a dynasty combining the territories Arwystli and Cedewain. The area was later incorporated into Powys Wenwynwyn.<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=trah/>

• Trahaearn ap Caradog (1075–1081), King of Gwynedd<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=trah>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Meurig, Lord of Arwystli (d. 1106)<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=trah/>
• Griffri (d. 1106)<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=trah/>
• Llywarch<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=trah/>
• Owain<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=trah/>
• Ieuaf (d. 1130)<ref name=Turvey16/>
• Hywel o'r Brithdir (d. 1185)<ref name=Turvey16/>
• Robert (d. 1171)<ref name=Turvey16/>
• Maredudd (d. 1244)<ref name=Turvey16/>
• Owain (d. 1261)<ref name=Turvey16/>

Lords of Caerleon

The rulers of Gwynllwg (Wentloog) and upper Gwent became the Lords of Caerleon.<ref name=Morgan_ap /><ref name=Caradog_ap />

• Gruffudd ap Rhydderch (d. 1055, King of Gwynllwg), son of Rhydderch ab Iestyn<ref name=ap_Rhydderch>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Caradog ap Gruffudd (d. 1081)<ref name=Caradog_ap>Template:Cite DWB</ref><ref name=Turvey17 />
• Owain ap Caradog, Gwynllwg<ref name=Turvey17 /><ref name=Caradog_ap />
• Morgan ab Owain (d. 1058), Lord of Caerleon<ref name=Morgan_ap /><ref name=Turvey17 />
• Iorwerth ab Owain (c. 1171), Lord of Caerleon<ref name=Turvey17 /><ref name=Morgan_ap />
• Hywel ab Iorwerth (c. 1210)<ref name=Morgan_ap /><ref name=Turvey17 />
• Morgan ap Hywel (d. 1248)<ref name=Morgan_ap>Template:Cite DWB</ref><ref name=Turvey17 />

Lords of Ceredigion

Lordship of Ceredigion, from the House of Dinefwr, Deheubarth.<ref name=Cered/><ref name=LordRhys/>

• Maelgwn ap Rhys (c. 1170Template:Snd1230) Lord of Ceredigion<ref name=Cered>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Maelgwn Fychan.<ref name=Cered/>

Lords of Mechain

Template:See also Mechain, Powys.<ref name=Powys/><ref name=Llywfych/>

• Owain Fychan (d. 1187) of Mechain, son of Prince Madog ap Maerdudd from Powys<ref name=Powys/>
• Owain Fychan (d. 1245)<ref name=Powys/><ref name=Llywfych/>
• Llywelyn Fychan (d. before 1277), Lord of Mechain<ref name=Powys/><ref name=Llywfych>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Gruffydd, Lord of Mechain<ref name=Powys/><ref name=Llywfych/>
• Maredudd, Lord of Mechain<ref name=Powys/><ref name=Llywfych/>

Lord of Menai

Lord of the Menai commote on Anglesey.<ref name=Bran>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

• Llywarch ap Bran (c. 1137), Lord of Menai (founder of one of the Fifteen Tribes of Wales)<ref name=Bran/>

Lords of Merioneth

Template:See also The vassal Lordship of Merioneth (Meirionnydd) from Gwynedd, also Lords of Eifionydd and Ardudwy. Descendants of King Owain Gwynedd.<ref name=Maredudd_ap>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

• Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd (d. 1174)<ref name=Cynan_ab>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Gruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd, Lord of Meirionnydd and Ardudwy<ref name=Cynan_ab/>
• Maredudd ap Cynan (d. 1212), Lord of Meirionnydd and Eifionydd and part of Ardudwy (Llŷn Peninsula)<ref name=Maredudd_ap/>
• Llywelyn Fawr ap Maredudd, Lord of Merionieth (Merionethshire)<ref name=Llywelyn_ap>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Maredudd ap Llywelyn (d. 1255), Lord of Merioneth<ref name=Llywelyn_ap/>
• Llywelyn Fychan, Lord of Merioneth (father to Madog ap Llywelyn)<ref name=Llywelyn_ap/>

Lords of Nannau

Descendants of Madog ap Cadwgan ap Bleddyn, Prince of Powys. Lordship c. 1118 until the final Lord in the 1500s, before the use of the surname Nanney for the family.<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref><ref name=Nannau>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Google books</ref>

• Madog, 1st Lord of Nannau (c. 1118–1121);<ref name=Nannau/>
• Cadwgan;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Madog;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Meurig, Lord of Nannau;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Ynyr Hen (c. 1200–1250);<ref name=Nannau/>
• Ynyr Fychan (c. 1295);<ref name=Nannau/>
• Meurig Fychan;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Meurig Llwyd;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Hywel Sele, 9th Lord (d. 1402, cousin of Owain Glyndwr);<ref name=Nannau/>
• Meurig Fychan;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Dafydd ap Meurig Fychan;<ref name=Nannau/>
• Hywel ap Dafydd (Howel Nanney b. 1470);<ref name=Nannau/>
• Gruffudd Wyn Nanney, 13th Lord (c. 1520).<ref name=Nannau/>

Lords of Oswestry

Template:See also Lords of Oswestry (Shropshire, England), from Powys, prior to Baronetcy of Cymmer-yn-Edeirnion (English feudal barony).<ref name=Brog/><ref name=heraldic/>

• Prince Owain Brogyntyn of Powys (Mathrafal), Lord of Oswestry, Edeirnion and Dinmael (c. 1149Template:Snd1157, d. 1188)<ref name=Brog>Template:Cite DWB</ref><ref name=Powys/>
  • Bleddyn<ref name=Brog/><ref name=Powys/>
  • Iorweth<ref name=Brog/><ref name=Powys/>
    • Gruffudd, 1st Baron of Cymmer-yn-Edeirnion<ref name=Powys/><ref name=heraldic>Template:Google books</ref>
  • Gruffudd<ref name=Brog/><ref name=Powys/>

Lords of Powys Fadog

Template:See also Northern Powys, House of Mathrafal.<ref name=Lars/><ref name=Powys/><ref name=Maelor/>

• Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor Lord of Powys Fadog (d. 1238)<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Gruffydd Maelor (d. 1269), Lord of Castell Dinas Brân<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Madog II ap Gruffydd, Lord of Dinas Bran (d. 1277)<ref name=Powys/>
• Gruffudd Fychan I<ref name=Powys/>
• Madog Crypl<ref name=glyn_ancestry>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Gruffydd of Rhuddalt, Lord of Glyndyfrdwy<ref name=glyn_ancestry/>
• Gruffudd Fychan II (father of Glyndwr, b. 1354), Lord of GlyndyfrdwyTemplate:Sfn<ref name=Glyndwr/>

Lords of Powys Wenwynwyn

Template:See also Southern Powys, House of Mathrafal. The lordship also had lands in Arwystli, Cyfeiliog, Mawddwy, Caereinion.<ref name=Lars/><ref name=Powys/><ref name=Gwenwyn/>

• Gwenwynwyn (d. 1216), Lord of Powys Wenwynwyn, son of Prince Owain Cyfeiliog<ref name=Gwenwyn>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn (d. 1286)<ref name=apgwyn>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owen de la Pole (d. 1293)<ref name=Powys/><ref name=apgwyn/>

Rhwng Gwy a Hafren

Template:See also The region of Rhwng Gwy a Hafren (Radnorshire) between the Rivers Wye and Severn, ruled by Lords. Associated with Brycheiniog and Buellt, they ruled the cantrefs of Maelienydd and Elfael.Template:Sfn<ref name=Elystan/><ref name=R/>

• Elystan Glodrydd (c. 975, Æthelstan)<ref name=Elystan>Template:Cite DWB</ref>Template:Sfn
• Cadwgan ab Elstan Glodrydd<ref name=Elystan/>
• Idnerth<ref name=Elystan/>
• Madog (d. 1140)<ref name=Elystan/><ref name=Turvey16/>
• Cadwallon ap Madog (d. 1179), ruled Maelienydd and Elfael<ref name=Elystan/><ref name=Turvey16/>
• Einion Clud (d. 1177) ruled Maelienydd and Elfael<ref name=Elystan/><ref name=Turvey16/>
• Maelgwn (d. 1197)<ref name=Elystan/><ref name=Turvey16/>
• Cadwallon (d. 1234)<ref name=Turvey16/>

Lords of Senghenydd

The Lordship of Senghenydd, then a vassal of Lordship of Glamorgan.<ref name=Bren/>

• Ifor Bach (c. 1158, Ifor ap Meurig), Lord of Senghenydd<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=Ifor>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Gruffudd, Lord of Senghenydd (d. 1211)<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=Ifor/>
• Rhys (d. 1256), Lord of Senghendd<ref name=Turvey16/>
• Gruffudd ap Rhys<ref name=Turvey16/><ref name=Bren/>
• Llywelyn Bren (d. 1317)<ref name=Bren>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Lords of Tegeingl

Template:See also Lordship of Coleshill, Prestatyn, Rhuddlan, also considered Princes.<ref name=Edwin_/>

• Edwin of Tegeingl (d. 1073, member of the Fifteen Tribes of Wales)<ref name=Edwin_>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
  • Owain ab Edwin of Tegeingl (d. 1105), father-in-law to Gruffudd ap Cynan<ref name=Edwin_/><ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Principality of Wales (1216–1542)

The late medieval territory of the Principality of Wales and the members of Welsh royalty who ruled that area or attempted to regain their dynastic inheritances during the Principality. They were titled (official) or claimants (unofficial/pretender) as the Prince of Wales.<ref name=Lawgoch/>Template:Sfn<ref name=OwainG>Template:Cite journal</ref> The territory of the Principality included the Kingdoms of Gwynedd, Deheubarth, and Powys, and also the areas of Ceredigion (Cardigan) and Carmarthenshire. There was the exception of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth who ruled most of the territory of the Principality and also Montgomeryshire, but not as a Prince of Wales; by 1230 he styled himself as the Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdon (Prince of Gwynedd).<ref name=LlywI/><ref name=Rex>Template:Cite book</ref>

Pre-Principality, 1165–1197

• Owain Gwynedd (c. 1137–1170, Template:Langx), King of Gwynedd, Prince of Wales;<ref name=OwainG/><ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Rhys ap Gruffydd (c. 1132–1197, The Lord Rhys), Lord of Deheubarth (Prince of South Wales), Prince of Wales.<ref name=Rex/><ref name=LordRhys>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

Welsh rule, 1216–1283

• Llywelyn Fawr ap Iorwerth (c. 1195–1240, Template:Langx), Prince of Gwynedd, Prince of North Wales;<ref name=LlywI>Template:Cite DWB</ref>Template:Sfn
• Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c. 1240–1246, Dafydd II, Template:Langx), Prince of Gwynedd (claimant Prince of Wales);<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (c. 1246–1282, Template:Langx), Prince of Wales (Gwynedd, Aberffraw);<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Dafydd ap Gruffydd (c. 1282–1283, Dafydd III), Prince of Gwynedd (claimant Prince of Wales).<ref>Template:Cite DWB.</ref>

English rule, 1283–1542

• Madog ap Llywelyn (c. 1294), claimant Prince of Wales (heir of Lord Meirionnydd, House of Aberffraw);<ref>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain ap Tomas ap Rhodri (c. 1372–1378, Lawgoch, Template:Langx) in exile but claimed Prince of Wales (Gwynedd, Aberffraw);<ref name=Lawgoch>Template:Cite DWB</ref>
• Owain ap Gruffudd (c. 1400–1415, Owain Glyndŵr, Template:Langx), pretender Prince of Wales, Lord of Glyndyfrdwy (Powys Fadog).<ref name=Glyndwr>Template:Cite DWB</ref>

See also

• Family tree of Welsh monarchs
• Kings of the Britons
• Fifteen Tribes of Wales
• List of Marcher lordships
• Prince of Wales
• List of British monarchs
• Welsh peers and baronets
• List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom
• List of first ministers of Wales

Bibliography

• Template:Cite book
• {{#invoke:URL|url}}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:URL with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | 1 | 2 }} (Dictionary of Welsh Biography)
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book