Kirill Razumovsky

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Early life

File:Батурин 2.jpg

Restored Palace of Rozumovsky in Baturyn

Kirill Razumovsky was born in Lemeshi, Kiev Regiment, Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire, on 29 March 1728.Template:Sfn He was a member of the Razumovsky family, at that time low-rank family of Cossack Grigory (Hryhoriy) Rozum.<ref name=ehurkh>Putro, O. Kyrylo Rozumovsky (РОЗУМОВСЬКИЙ КИРИЛО ГРИГОРОВИЧ). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.</ref> He was the younger brother of Alexei Razumovsky, partner of Elizabeth of Russia. Razumovsky was sent to study in Königsberg under Leonhard Euler at age 15.Template:Sfn He graduated from the University of Göttingen.Template:Sfn

In July 1744, Razumovsky was given the title of count.Template:Sfn In 1746, Razumovsky was appointed as president of the Russian Academy of SciencesTemplate:Sfn and served until 1765.Template:Sfn

Hetman

In 1750, Razumovsky was elected Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host.Template:Sfn He became the largest landowner in Ukraine, with over 100,000 peasants within his lands.Template:Sfn Grigory Teplov was his advisor during his time as Hetman. He sought to increase the independence and autonomy of the Hetmanate. The administration of the state was reformed with the state being divided intwo twenty counties, courts being established, and the Cossack starshyna being called more frequently. Non-Cossacks were allowed to become starshynas.Template:Sfn

The finances of the Hetmanate were placed under the control of the imperial government in 1754, and its tariffs were abolished in 1755. The Hetman's power to appoint colonels and distribute hereditary titles were taken away and given to the Governing Senate in 1756. Control over Kiev was taken away from Razumovsky in 1761.Template:Sfn

Razumovsky aided Catherine the Great assume the throne in 1762.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn In 1763, he requested that the position of Hetman be made hereditary and remain in his family.Template:Sfn Catherine abolished the position on 10 November 1764,Template:Sfn and Razumovsky was given the title of General Field Marshall.Template:Sfn This was the last Cossack leadership position to be abolished.Template:Sfn

Later life

The construction of St Andrew's Church in Kiev was launched by Razumovsky.Template:Sfn Razumovsky travelled across Europe and visited Germany, France, and Italy from 1765 to 1767.Template:Sfn A place designed by Aleksey Yanovsky was constructed for Razumovsky in the 1780s.Template:Sfn

Razumovsky died in Baturyn, Chernigov Governorate, on 15 January 1803.Template:Sfn

Works cited

Books

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Bibliography

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Further reading

• Maria Razumovsky. Die Rasumovskys: eine Familie am Zarenhof. Köln 1998. — 300 S.

External links

• Kyrylo Rozumovsky at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
• Kyrylo Rozumovsky at the Jurist Encyclopedia
• Palace's secrets. Kirill Razumovskiy, the Last Hetman. Kultura TV Channel (Russia).
• Koliada, I; Milko, V. Kyrylo Rozumovsky. "Folio".
• Kyrylo Rozumovsky. Ukrainians in the World.
• Soroka, Yu. Hetmanless period and the last Hetman of Ukraine.

Predecessor Governing Council (Yakiv Lyzohub)

File:Herb Viyska Zaporozkoho.svg

Hetman of Zaporizhian Host 1750–1764

File:Herb Viyska Zaporozkoho.svg

Successor Collegium of Little Russia (post liquidated)