Kobe Airport
Template:Short description Template:Expand Japanese Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox airport
Template:Nihongo Template:Airport codes is a primarily domestic airport on an artificial island just off the coast of Kobe, Template:Convert south of Sannomiya Station,<ref name="AIP">AIS Japan Template:Webarchive</ref> Japan. Opened on February 16, 2006, it primarily handles domestic flights. International flights to destinations within China, South Korea and Taiwan, started in April 2025. The airport can also accommodate international charter flights. In the first year of operation (2006), the airport handled 2,697,000 passengers with an average load factor of 61.1%. In 2017, it handled 3,071,974 passengers with an average load factor of 79.4%.<ref name = "usage">Template:Cite web</ref> In the fiscal year covering April 2022 - March 2023, UKB had a passenger throughput of 3,109,151. The island airport covers just 156 hectares (385 acres) of land.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
The city government of Kobe first proposed an airport adjacent to Port Island in 1971. At the time, government planners were seeking alternatives to the heavily congested Itami Airport: the original Kobe Airport plan called for six runways more than Template:Convert in length on a Template:Convert facility. The mayor of Kobe, Tatsuo Miyazaki, declared his opposition to building such a large airport so close to the city, and was re-elected shortly afterward in 1973, defeating a competitor who supported the airport.<ref name="hyogorp">Template:Cite web</ref>
Kobe businesses were still interested in the plan, however, and pressed the city government to propose a smaller facility with one Template:Convert runway. This plan was submitted to the Transport Ministry in 1982 as a competitor for the Kansai International Airport plan, which was then being supported by the Osaka and Wakayama prefectural governments. After the national government voiced its displeasure with the Kobe proposal, Kobe officially switched its support to the Kansai Airport proposal in 1984, but in 1985 decided to independently fund the construction of another airport.<ref name="hyogorp" />
The construction of the airport was stalled for lack of funding until 1995, when it won national government support as a means for recovering the Kobe economy in the wake of the Great Hanshin earthquake. Despite ongoing controversy, locals continued to support the plan: in the 1997 mayoral election, the pro-airport coalition won a narrow victory over the anti-airport coalition. Construction began in September 1999 but political controversy continued: 87,000 signatures were collected in a petition to recall the mayor in 2000, and a citizen lawsuit to cancel the project was dismissed in 2004.
The airport finally opened on February 16, 2006, with Japan Airlines operating the first flight and All Nippon Airways operating the first scheduled flight. Both ANA and JAL announced plans to replace portions of their widebody fleet with a larger number of mid-size aircraft, in part because of a need to fill the excess number of flight slots created by Kobe Airport's construction.<ref>Shimizu, K. "JAL, ANA eye smaller jets to meet changing needs". in Japan Times Template:Webarchive, Oct 2004., retrieved February 15, 2007</ref> The airport handled its first international business jet flight in September 2006.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
As part of its bankruptcy restructuring, JAL terminated all services out of Kobe and closed its office on June 1, 2010, in response to which Skymark Airlines announced a major expansion at the airport.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> ANA also cut back services following the airport's opening. Skymark is currently the dominant carrier at Kobe carrying approximately two-thirds of its passengers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2013, Kobe mayor Tatsuo Yada endorsed a proposal to consolidate the management of the three Kansai region airports by adding Kobe Airport to the planned sale in 2014 of operating concessions at Itami and Kansai.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Kobe was already the most indebted municipality in Japan with debts of over ¥3 trillion after the Great Hanshin earthquake, and this project's cost (estimated at over ¥300 billion, or US$3 billion) has made it very controversial. Supporters argue that the third airport can mean increased competition and lower airfares. People in the surrounding regions (Shikoku, Awaji Island etc.) can now have a closer airport while access to Kansai may be limited. Since the ferry from Tokushima to Kansai International Airport was discontinued, travellers have had to rely on alternate means of transportation including a bus to Kansai Airport, which takes an hour longer, or to use the local Tokushima Airport, which is limited in schedules.
On April 1, 2018, Kansai Airports Kobe founded by Orix, Vinci Airports, and Kansai Airports took over the operation of Kobe Airport.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
April 18, 2025 marked the opening of the international terminal, with flights to international destinations being classified as charters as of that month.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Korean Air, VietJet Air and Starlux Airlines have expressed interest to operate international flights to Kobe when the restriction is loosened.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Airlines and destinations
Kobe has two passenger terminals, with Terminal 1 serving domestic flights and Terminal 2 international flights.
The Transport Ministry has capped scheduled domestic operations at 30 daily flights, and until 2025 banned international flights with the exception of private aircraft and "own use" charters, in order to prevent overcrowding in the area's airspace and to protect the growth of Kansai Airport.<ref name="hyogorp" /> The flight caps have been a point of controversy with Kobe Airport supporters, who point out that the cap was calculated based on Kansai Airport operating twice as many frequencies as are currently offered: given the current traffic levels at Kansai, Kobe should be able to handle six or seven flights per hour.
In April 2025, the new international terminal was opened and scheduled international flights commenced, although they are still technically operated on a "charter" basis.<ref>https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/15714578</ref>
Statistics
| Passengers | Change | Aircraft operations |
Load Factor | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 (Opened in March) |
353,673 | 1,237 | 72.5% | |
| 2006 | 2,743,004 | 10,629 | 60.4% | |
| 2007 | 2,974,983 | Template:Increase 8.5% | 10,638 | 67.0% |
| 2008 | 2,579,674 | Template:Decrease 13.3% | 9,859 | 67.8% |
| 2009 | 2,337,480 | Template:Decrease 9.4% | 9,593 | 70.9% |
| 2010 | 2,219,887 | Template:Decrease 5.0% | 9,971 | 69.2% |
| 2011 | 2,568,084 | Template:Increase 15.7% | 12,141 | 70.3% |
| 2012 | 2,410,343 | Template:Decrease 6.1% | 13,551 | 64.2% |
| 2013 | 2,356,327 | Template:Decrease 2.2% | 13,575 | 65.2% |
| 2014 | 2,446,455 | Template:Increase 3.8% | 14,020 | 64.9% |
| 2015 | 2,546,591 | Template:Increase 4.1% | 13,711 | 67.0% |
| 2016 | 2,783,636 | Template:Increase 9.3% | 12,513 | 77.4% |
| 2017 | 3,136,194 | Template:Increase 12.7% | 13,868 | 79.4% |
| 2018 | 3,190,090 | Template:Increase 1.7% | 14,817 | 80.7% |
| 2019 | 3,292,298 | Template:Increase 3.2% | 16,423 | 75.8% |
| 2020 | 1,213,380 | Template:Decrease 63.1% | 11,614 | 46.4% |
| 2021 | 1,752,629 | Template:Increase 44.4% | 15,019 | 48.1% |
| 2022 | 2,701,440 | Template:Increase 54.1% | 16,635 | |
| 2023 | 3,434,858 | Template:Increase 27.1% | 17,454 |
Ground and water transportation
On February 2, 2006, Kobe Airport Station was connected to Sannomiya Station in central Kobe by an extension of the existing Port Liner automated guideway transit system.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Travel time to Sannomiya is 18 minutes. From Sannomiya, it is around 20 minutes to Ōsaka Station and around 50 minutes to Kyoto Station by the Special Rapid Service on the JR Kobe Line and JR Kyoto Line.
Kobe Airport is connected to Kansai Airport by the Template:Nihongo, a high speed ferry that completes the airport-to-airport journey in around 30 minutes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
There are bus services to Shin-Kobe Station (on the San'yō Shinkansen), Sannomiya Station, and Kōbe Station every 25–40 minutes.
Accidents and incidents
- At 14:30 on May 31, 2024, a light aircraft belonging to Hirata Gakuen aviation school landed on the airport runway without its wheels being extended during a touch-and-go landing, forcing the affected runway's closure and the cancellation of 34 flights. None of the three people aboard the plane were injured.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
References
External links
- Template:In lang Japan Guide: Kobe Airport
- Template:In lang Kobe Airport Terminal
- Template:In lang Kobe Airport Terminal
- Template:In lang Kobe Airport Marine Air
- Kobe Airport Guide from Skymark Airlines
- Template:NWS-current
- Template:ASN