Laie Hawaii Temple
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Laie Hawaii Temple is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints located on the northeast shore of the Hawaiian island of [[OTemplate:Okinaahu]]. The temple sits on a small hill, half a mile from the Pacific Ocean, in the town of [[LāTemplate:Okinaie, Hawaii|LāTemplate:Okinaie]], Template:Convert from Honolulu. Along with Brigham Young University–Hawaii and the Polynesian Cultural Center, the Laie Hawaii Temple plays an important role in the town of LāTemplate:Okinaie,<ref name="Aikau-2008">Template:Cite journal</ref> with the Visitors' Center attracting more than 100,000 people annually.<ref name="Kayal-2004">Template:Cite news</ref>
In addition to initial building and construction, the temple has been dedicated for use by several church presidents. The temple site was dedicated by Joseph F. Smith on June 1, 1915, with Heber J. Grant dedicating the completed structure on November 27, 1919. Spencer W. Kimball rededicated the temple after significant expansion on June 13, 1978. Following seismic upgrades and remodeling, Thomas S. Monson rededicated the temple on November 21, 2010.
The Laie Hawaii Temple was the first temple built by the church outside the contiguous United States.<ref name="Webb-1993"/>Template:Rp The temple is also the oldest to operate outside Utah, and the church's fifth-oldest temple still in operation. The Laie Hawaii Temple was formerly known as the Hawaiian Temple or the Hawaii Temple until the implementation of the standard naming convention for the church's temples.<ref>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Dead link</ref>
History
Sandwich Islands Mission
Template:See also During the California Gold Rush, the first ten Mormon missionaries to Hawaii departed San Francisco on the ship Imaum of Muscat. After 20 days at sea, the ship arrived on December 12, 1850, in Honolulu Harbor at what was then known as the "Sandwich Islands" (Hawaiian Islands).<ref name="LDS-1964">Template:Citation</ref> A week later, nine missionaries received their assignments; two headed to the island of [[KauaTemplate:Okinai]], three to Lahaina on the island of Maui, two to the Big Island of [[HawaiTemplate:Okinai (island)|HawaiTemplate:Okinai]], and two stayed behind in Honolulu. These nine missionaries formed the basis of the Sandwich Islands Mission.<ref name="Wallace-2000">Template:Cite web</ref> The church's first congregation in Hawaii was established on the island of Maui in 1851.<ref name="LDS-1964"/> Missionaries settled on the island of [[Lanai|LānaTemplate:Okinai]] in 1854, and in Lāʻie on the island of [[OTemplate:Okinaahu]] in 1865.<ref name="LDS-1964"/>
Template:See also In 1865, the church purchased a Template:Convert sugarcane plantation for $14,000 as a gathering place for the Latter-day Saints in the area.<ref name="LDS-1964"/> While on a mission to the Sandwich Islands, Joseph F. Smith first proposed building a temple in Hawaii during a meeting in LāTemplate:Okinaie on February 15, 1885.<ref name="BYU-Planning">Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref> George Q. Cannon, one of the original ten missionaries, visited Lāʻie in 1900 and became revered as a prophet for promoting the idea of a new Hawaiian temple among his congregations.<ref name="Webb-1993">Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp
In 1915, Joseph F. Smith, then sixth president of the church, announced plans for the first temple outside the contiguous United States and chose Lāʻie for its construction.<ref name="Webb-1993"/>Template:Rp According to Mormon folklore, precious materials arrived just in time to complete the building of the temple: Temple builders ran out of wood (a scarce commodity on the islands) during initial construction, but local members received lumber when a ship ran aground and needed to unload some of its cargo of wood. The temple builders volunteered to help the ship and were given the lumber out of gratitude. The lumber taken from the ship proved to be just enough to finish the temple.<ref name="Burlingame-2004"/>
When news of the new Laie Hawaii Temple reached Native Hawaiian converts (and other Polynesians) living far from home in the town of Iosepa, Utah, many decided to emigrate back to Hawaii. Although the Hawaiians had lived in Iosepa since 1889, the closest temple, Salt Lake Temple, was 75 miles away from the colony. Moving to Laie gave the Hawaiians the ability to be closer to the new temple and allowed them to perform sacred ordinances without having to travel great distances. By January 1917, most of the Hawaiians returned home, leaving Iosepa a ghost town.<ref name="KUED-1999">Template:Citation</ref>
Church president Heber J. Grant presided over the Hawaiian Temple's dedication on November 27, 1919. Grant called the Hawaiian people "descendants of Lehi" (a prophet in the Book of Mormon), and saw the future of the new temple in Lāʻie as a magnet for Polynesian converts.<ref name="Webb-1993"/>Template:Rp After the temple was completed, more Polynesians moved to Lāʻie, to participate in temple ordinances.<ref name="Webb-1993"/>Template:Rp Tourists were also drawn to the area, and guide books of the time compared the Lāʻie temple to the Taj Mahal.<ref name="Webb-1993"/>Template:Rp
The 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor gave rise to another popular tale about the Laie Hawaii Temple in church folklore. According to variations on this story, Japanese aircraft pilots attempted to bomb or strafe the Hawaiian Temple just prior to, or just after, the attack, but were thwarted by mechanical failure or from an unseen protective force.<ref name="Baldridge-2000">Template:Cite book</ref> Some stories suggest that the Japanese pilot who attempted to attack the temple was converted to the church after he saw a picture of the temple in the possession of the faith's missionaries in Japan.<ref name="Baldridge-2000"/> Although there is an eyewitness who believes he saw the attempted bombing and a former missionary who says he met the Japanese convert, historians have found little supporting evidence that would substantiate these stories.<ref name="Baldridge-2000"/>
Renovation
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Beginning in May 1976, the temple was closed for a two-year remodeling project, expanding from Template:Convert to over Template:Convert. Church president Spencer W. Kimball rededicated the temple on June 13, 1978.
A $5.5 million renovation, renewal, and beautification project along Hale LaTemplate:Okinaa Boulevard leading to the temple began in 2003, lasting 14 months:<ref name="Adamski-2004">Template:Cite news</ref> Norfolk pines suffering from termite infestation were replaced with royal palms, new decorative lighting was added to the terraces, and landscaped roundabouts were put in place. At the same time, the Visitors' Center was upgraded with interactive kiosks and new displays.<ref name="Kayal-2004"/> There is now a cut-away model of the temple on display, which allows visitors to see its interior, because only members with an active recommend are allowed to enter after a temple is dedicated. It took the artisan team over eight months to build the temple model in the US and more than a week to reassemble the model for display after being shipped to Hawaii.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In December 2008, the Laie Hawaii Temple closed again for structural and seismic upgrades and to restore the ordinance rooms to their original appearance and progressive-style presentation of the endowment (still using film). The baptistry was repaired and renovated. The temple was rededicated on November 21, 2010, by Thomas S. Monson.
In 2020, like all the church's other temples, the Laie Hawaii Temple was closed in response to the coronavirus pandemic.<ref>Stack, Peggy Fletcher. "All Latter-day Saint temples to close due to coronavirus", The Salt Lake Tribune, 26 March 2020. Retrieved on 28 March 2020.</ref>
Architecture
Church president Joseph F. Smith wanted the architecture of the Laie Hawaii Temple to resemble Solomon's Temple referred to in the biblical canon. The temple is often compared to the Cardston Alberta Temple,<ref name="Burlingame-2004">Template:Cite news</ref> designed by young architects Hyrum Pope and Harold W. Burton. Pope and Burton's design was also used for Laie, and their work is rooted in the Prairie style architecture made popular by architect Frank Lloyd Wright in the early twentieth-century. The temples also evoke Mesoamerican architectural motifs,<ref name="Arrington-1992">Template:Cite book</ref> a favored theme of Burton's.<ref name="Anderson-1977">Template:Cite journal</ref>
The temple sits on an Template:Convert site that was once part of a large sugarcane plantation.<ref name="LDS-1964"/> Construction of the temple first began in February 1916. Native materials consisting of crushed lava rock were used to build the temple, along with reinforced concrete.<ref name="LDS-1964"/> The building's gleaming white finish was created using pneumatic stone-cutting techniques. The temple has the shape of a cross when seen from the air; the highest point of the temple is Template:Convert, and it measures Template:Convert from east to west and Template:Convert from north to south.<ref name="LDS-1964"/>
The exterior of the temple exhibits four large friezes planned by American sculptor J. Leo Fairbanks and built with the help of his brother Avard Fairbanks.<ref name="Fairbanks-16">Template:Harvnb</ref> Modeled four-fifths lifesize and cast in concrete,<ref name="Fairbanks-16"/> the bas-relief friezes depict God's dealings with Man. The north frieze depicts the story of the Book of Mormon. The west frieze shows the people of the Old Testament. The New Testament and the Apostasy are depicted on the southern frieze of the temple, and the restoration of the church through Joseph Smith is shown on the east frieze. On the grounds of the temple are statues also designed by the Fairbanks brothers,<ref name="Fairbanks-2">Template:Harvnb</ref> including Joseph being blessed by his father and one of the Prophet Lehi in a scene from the Second Book of Nephi in the Book of Mormon.<ref name="LDS-1964"/>
As visitors approach the temple and pass a number of reflecting pools, a maternity fountain sits in front of the uppermost pool. Designed by the Fairbanks brothers, this bold relief honors Hawaiian Motherhood and depicts a Hawaiian mother holding a giant clam shell while pouring water over her children. The act is supposed to symbolize mothers pouring their love, hope and care onto their children.<ref name="Fairbanks-26">Template:Harvnb</ref>
The landscaped temple grounds contain tropical gardens, with plants such as hibiscus, Brazilian plume, birds of paradise, lantana, red ginger, bougainvillea, plumeria, Ixora, and others.<ref name="Sarafian-2001">Template:Cite web (New site)</ref> At the base of the temple grounds is a fountain separating a Family History Center and a Visitors' Center, where a ten-foot sculpture replica of Bertel Thorvaldsen's Christus stands inside the entrance.<ref name="Sarafian-2001"/>
The Laie Hawaii Temple is Template:Convert and houses three ordinance rooms and six sealing rooms.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Landscape artist LeConte Stewart designed many of the murals found inside the temple.
Admittance
Laie Hawaii Temple is not used for regular Sunday worship. As temples require church approval to enter, only church members who are recommended by their local bishop are allowed to enter for the purpose of participating in ceremonies such as endowments, baptism for the dead and marriage.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> Because of these guidelines, those without an active recommend are not allowed inside temples, but public tours of the grounds outside and of the visitors' centers are available.<ref name="Kayal-2004"/>
Temple presidents
Notable temple presidents include Edward L. Clissold (1936–38, 1943–44, 1963–65); D. Arthur Haycock (1986–89), and J. Richard Clarke (1998–2001).
See also
- Comparison of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- Kona Hawaii Temple
- List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by geographic region
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Hawaii
References
Further reading
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External links
- Laie Hawaii Temple Official site
- Laie Hawaii Temple Visitors' Center
- Laie Hawaii Temple at ChurchofJesusChristTemples.org
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