Leon J. Davis
Template:Short description Template:For Leon Julian Davis (November 21, 1905<ref name=L61 /> – September 14, 1992) was a Russian-born American labor leader who co-founded 1199: The National Health Care Workers' Union, as well as 1199SEIU United Healthcare Workers East.<ref name=NYTobit> Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=1199SEIU> Template:Cite web</ref><ref> Template:Cite news</ref><ref> Template:Cite news</ref>
Background
Davis was born in Pinsk, Russian Empire, on November 21, 1906. At the age of 15 he settled with his Russian-speaking family in Hartford, Connecticut, where he attended public schools and learned English. In 1927 his family moved to New York City. After two years at Columbia University's pharmacy school, he left to become a drug store clerk.<ref name=NYTobit />
Career: Local 1199 union
In 1932 he founded Local 1199 of the Drug, Hospital, and Health Care Employees Union, which he ran for a half century. Local 1199 was a leader in walkouts in New York (1959, 1962) and Charleston, South Carolina (1969). He fought for collective bargaining, higher wages, better work conditions, and higher living standards. Union members included: clerks, janitors, aides, orderlies, laundry workers, porters, dishwashers, elevator operators, and other employees in hospitals, nursing homes and pharmacies. Local 1199 peaked at some 150,000 members in the late 1970s. It was early among unions to establish education and training for members, healthcare and housing for members' families, and scholarships and camps for members' children.<ref name=NYTobit />
Leon J. Davis was instrumental to securing funding for the 1199 Plaza, a massive 1199 Union housing project.<ref name="Botein">Template:Cite journal</ref>
During the Vietnam War, Local 1199 took an early anti-war position. It also supported the civil rights movement.<ref name=NYTobit />
Communist accusations
In 1948, Davis appeared before a Congressional committee and denied membership in the Communist Party. However, he did testify that Communists and labor in general shared many social objectives with him.<ref name=NYTobit />
Personal life and death
Davis married Julia Gaberman, a social worker; they had two daughters.<ref name=NYTobit />
He loved art, music, and theater, read literature in three languages, gardened at his home in Flushing, Queens, New York.<ref name=NYTobit />
He died of heart failure on September 14, 1992, at the Long Island Jewish Medical Center in New Hyde Park, New York.<ref name=NYTobit />
Legacy
Martin Luther King Jr. referred to Davis's organization as "my favorite union".<ref name=NYTobit />
A Manhattan city block on West 43rd Street between Eighth and Ninth Avenues, near the Local 1199 headquarters at 310 West 43rd Street, was named in his honor.<ref name=L61> Template:Cite web</ref>
Two books about the union, Upheaval in the Quiet Zone and Not for Bread Alone examine the deep, almost patriarchal connection between Davis and Local 1199.<ref name=NYTobit /><ref name=1199SEIU />
References
External links
- SEIU
- New York 1199
- Guide to the National Union Of Hospital And Nursing Home Employees, Local 1199 Drug and Hospital Union (New York, N.Y.). Additional Papers. Leon Davis, Collector, Cornell University Library
- Guide to the Leon Davis Classroom Presentation, Spring 1976, at the Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library
- Hip Hop Is Read: Leon J. Davis