List of Irish Victoria Cross recipients

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Army recruiting poster, 1915, featuring Michael O'Leary

List of Irish Victoria Cross recipients lists all recipients of the Victoria Cross (post-nominal letters "VC") born on the island of Ireland, together with the date and place of their VC action. The Victoria Cross is the highest war honour of the British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. The whole island of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom until 1922 when it was partitioned into Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State. On 18 April 1949, the Dominion of Ireland became the Republic of Ireland and left the Commonwealth as a result of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 coming into effect. Despite this, citizens of the Republic of Ireland still enlist in the British Army and thus are eligible for the Victoria Cross and other British honours.

Background

Established in 1856, the Victoria Cross has been awarded to service personnel for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force. Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could also be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy.<ref name="McCreery2015k">Template:Cite book</ref> Six people (four Irish, one English and one Canadian) were awarded Victoria Crosses under this clause (one in 1866 during the Fenian raids, five for a single incident in 1867 during the Andaman Islands Expedition), until it was amended in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".<ref name="McCreery2015k"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It was awarded to members of the British Armed Forces which included Irish service personnel until 1922. It is currently available to personnel of any rank in any service, and to allies serving under or with British Forces. It is the highest honour in the Commonwealth honours system, placed before all other orders, decorations and medals.

Both Catholic and Protestant officers and servicemen born in Ireland served alongside each other in the British Military.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> During the previous two centuries they had a common military background, and irrespective of class or creed many were decorated with the British highest award for valour. 30 Irish VCs were awarded in the Crimean War, 59 Irish VCs in the Indian Mutiny, 46 Irish VCs in numerous other British Empire campaigns between 1857 and 1914, 37 Irish VCs in World War I, and eight Irish VCs in World War II.

Recipients

Template:Legend2

Name Date of action Conflict Unit Place of action Notes
Template:Sortname 1879 Second Afghan War British Indian Army Killa Kazi, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1919 Baltic Campaign 1918 HM Coastal Motor Boat 4 Kronstadt, Russia
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 09090th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Queen's Dragoon Guards Sandila, India
Template:Sortname 1901* Second Boer War Royal Irish Regiment Monument Hill, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India <ref name="Andaman exception">Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. Five people were awarded Victoria Crosses when they manned a boat to rescue their comrades who had been sent to the Andaman Islands on an investigation. This rule was changed in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 02323rd Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1916* First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Thiepval, France
Template:Sortname 1879 Anglo-Zulu War 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Ulundi, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1868 Abyssinian Expedition 03333rd Regiment of Foot Magdala, Abyssinia
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War Template:HMS Jutland, Denmark
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War Scots Guards Cambrin, France
Joseph Bradshaw 1855 Crimean War Rifle Brigade Woronzoff Road, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1900 Second Boer War 01414th King's Hussars Geluk, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0011st European Bengal Fusiliers Narnaul, India
Template:Sortname 2006* War in Afghanistan 001Parachute Regiment Sangin, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War Template:HMS Sea of Azov, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08686th Regiment Jhansi, India
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 06868th Regiment of Foot Inkerman, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1898 Mahdist War 02121st Lancers Omdurman, Sudan
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War 0022nd York and Lancaster Regiment La Brique, France
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War Royal Artillery Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01313th Regiment of Foot Azumgurh, India
Template:Sortname 1916* First World War Royal Irish Fusiliers Hamel, France
Template:Sortname 1902 Somaliland Campaign King's African Rifles Erego, Somaliland
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 03434th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1879* Anglo-Zulu War 02424th Regiment of Foot Isandhlwana South Africa
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War Cheshire Regiment Ypres, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 0033rd Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 04949th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War Royal Munster Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Template:Sortname 1897 Siege of Malakand 02222nd Punjab Infantry Malakand, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Gordon Highlanders Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1879 Second Afghan War Bombay Staff Corps Kam Dakka, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1901 Second Boer War Imperial Light Horse Tygerkloof Spruit, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1918 First World War New Zealand Expeditionary Force Crèvecœur, France
Template:Sortname 1889 Karenni Expedition Bombay Medical Service Lwekaw, Burma
Template:Sortname 1917* First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Bois-en-Hache, France
Template:Sortname 1881 First Boer War Nourse's Horse (Transvaal) Elandsfontein, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1914* First World War Royal Fusiliers Mons, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01010th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Horse Artillery Bulandshahr, India
Template:Sortname 1918* First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Groagie, France
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06060th Rifles Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Bulandshahr, India
Template:Sortname 1881 First Boer War 0011st King's Dragoon Guards Laing's Nek, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1918 First World War Royal Munster Fusiliers Reincourt, France
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Kereina Peak, Palestine
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09393rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05353rd Regiment of Foot Chota Behar, India
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War Middlesex Regiment Thiepval, France
Template:Sortname 1917* First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers La Vacquerie, France
Template:Sortname 1901 Second Boer War The Scottish Horse Vlakfontein, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1940 Second World War East Lancashire Regiment Dunkirk, France
Template:Sortname 1942* Second World War 825825 Naval Air Squadron Straits of Dover
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 01818th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 01717th Lancers Balaklava, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1940 Second World War Template:HMS Atlantic Ocean
Template:Sortname 1899 Second Boer War Royal Fusiliers Mafeking, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Horse Artillery Bulandshahr, India
Template:Sortname 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Template:Sortname 1879 Basuto War 09494th Regiment of Foot Sekukuni's Town, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06464th Regiment of Foot Cawnpore, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Veteran Establishment Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) Zlobane Mountain, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 05757th Regiment of Foot Sebastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1940* Second World War No. 12 Squadron RAF Albert Canal, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06060th Rifles Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Loodiana Regiment Benares, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 5th Bengal European Light Cavalry Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 1st Bengal European Light Cavalry Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1903 Somaliland Campaign Rifle Brigade Daratoleh, Somaliland
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 0044th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09393rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 07575th Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India <ref name="Andaman exception"/>
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 02323rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1915* First World War 0088th (Winnipeg Rifles) Battalion Ypres, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1879 Second Afghan War Staff CorpsStaff Corps and Corps of Guides Futtehabad, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War 02929th Battalion, CEF Lens, France
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Naval Brigade Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1879 Second Afghan War Royal Engineers Bazar Valley, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War Lord Strathcona's Horse Guyencourt, France
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05252nd Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Guillemont, France
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War Connaught Rangers Guillemont, France
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05353rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1941* Second World War Royal Northumberland Fusiliers Tobruk, Libya
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1899 Second Boer War Imperial Light Horse (Natal) Elandslaagte, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 0077th Regiment Sebastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Civil Service Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bombay Artillery Chundairee, India
Template:Sortname 1943 Second World War AustralianAustralian Imperial Force New Guinea, Pacific
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War Duke of Wellington's Regiment Le Sars, France <ref>Kelly is considered an Irish recipient as well as English, due to Irish parentage.
Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War Lancashire Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 53rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1914 First World War Gordon Highlanders Ypres, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1920* Waziristan Campaign 03939th Garhwal Rifles Kot Kai, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Oonao, India
Template:Sortname 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1879 Second Afghan War Royal Engineers Maidanah, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1879 Anglo-Zulu War 01313th Regiment of Foot Inhlobana, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War Royal Engineers Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1893 Kachin Expedition Army Medical ServicesArmy Medical Service Fort Sima, Burma
Template:Sortname 1944* Second World War No. 271 Squadron RAF Battle of Arnhem, Netherlands
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War Template:HMS Åland, Finland <ref>The earliest action for which the VC was awarded (First Battle of Bomarsund, 21 June 1854).</ref>
Template:Sortname 1861 First Taranaki War 04040th Regiment of Foot New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 01919th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 07272nd Bengal Native Infantry Calpee, India
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 04141st Regiment Little Inkerman, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1945 Second World War Template:HMS Johore Straits, Singapore <ref>The only native of Northern Ireland to receive the VC for action in the Second World War.</ref>
Template:Sortname 1868 Abyssinian Expedition 03333rd Regiment of Foot Magdala, Abyssinia
Template:Sortname 1857* Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Mungulwar, India
Template:Sortname 1864 New Zealand Wars Royal Artillery Tauranga, New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1918* First World War No. 74 Squadron RAF Western Front
Template:Sortname 1900 Second Boer War Devonshire Regiment Ladysmith, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 0033rd Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 05757th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1916* First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Thiepval Wood, France
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0055th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0055th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09595th Regiment of Foot Rowa, India
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 04444th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1918 First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Ledeghem, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1857 Anglo-Persian War 0033rd Bombay Light Cavalry Khushab, Persia
Template:Sortname 1877 Cape Frontier Wars 08888th Regiment Komgha, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1915* First World War Royal Irish Fusiliers Messines, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War Irish Guards Broembeek, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 09090th Regiment of Foot Redan, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1880 Second Afghan War Royal Horse Artillery Maiwand, Afghanistan <ref>Mullane was born in India. He is considered an Irish recipient by parentage
Doherty, Truesdale, 2000</ref>
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01717th Lancers Azumgurh, India <ref>Michael Murphy was one eight VC recipients whose award was forfeited. Although King George V in 1920 expressed the view that the VC should not be forfeited, the medals of Murphy and the other seven were not restored. List of Recipients of the Victoria Cross, The War Office (MS3), January 1953, note, page 7.</ref>
Template:Sortname 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India <ref name="Andaman exception"/>
Template:Sortname 1881 First Boer War 08888th Regiment Elandsfontein, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1864 New Zealand Wars 06868th Regiment of Foot Tauranga, New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War Irish Guards Cuinchy, France
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Rifle Brigade Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1914 First World War Royal Artillery Néry, France
Template:Sortname 1918* First World War 03838th Battalion, CEF Drocourt-Quéant Line, France
Template:Sortname 1899 Second Boer War Royal Field Artillery Colenso, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 02323rd Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea <ref>The earliest action for which the VC was awarded to a soldier (20 September 1854).</ref>
Template:Sortname 1866 Fenian raids on Canada Rifle Brigade Danville, Quebec, Canada <ref>Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. Six in total were awarded for actions taken not in the face of the enemy. O'Hea single-handedly put out a fire in an ammunition railway car, for which he was awarded the VC. This rule was changed in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".Template:Cite web</ref>
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War Irish Guards Cuinchy, France
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War 0011st Division (Australia) Pozières, France
Template:Sortname 1917 First World War 0077th Battalion, CEF Hill 70, France
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Template:Sortname 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Frontier Light Horse Ulundi, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 04949th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 07777th Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08686th Regiment of Foot Jhansi, India
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Punjab Cavalry Agra, India
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 0011st Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1916 First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Hamel, France
Template:Sortname 1899 Second Boer War Royal Field Artillery Colenso, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Army Medical ServiceArmy Medical Service Rorke's Drift, Natal, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1859 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03434th Regiment of Foot Kewane Trans-Gogra, India
Template:Sortname 1879 Naga Hills Expedition Bengal Staff Corps Konoma, India
Template:Sortname 1899* Second Boer War King's Royal Rifle Corps Colenso, South Africa
Template:Sortname 1917* First World War Queen's Royal Regiment Zonnebeke, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Army Kuthirga, India
Template:Sortname 1860 Second Opium War 04444th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War East Surrey Regiment Hill 60, Belgium
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1863 New Zealand Wars 06565th Regiment of Foot Cameron Town, New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Template:Sortname 1900 Second Boer War Manchester Regiment Natal, South Africa <ref>Scott was born in Manchester, England. He is considered an Irish recipient by parentage.
Doherty, Truesdale, 2000</ref>
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Royal Engineers Jhansi, India
Template:Sortname 1864 New Zealand Wars 04343rd Regiment of Foot Tauranga, New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 01717th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1915 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Template:Sortname 1863 New Zealand Wars 05757th Regiment of Foot Poutoko, New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War Naval Brigade Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1863 New Zealand Wars Royal Artillery Rangiriri, New Zealand
Template:Sortname 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Bengal Native Infantry Indore, India
Template:Sortname 1854 Crimean War 03030th Regiment of Foot Inkerman, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0088th King's Royal Irish Hussars Gwalior, India
Template:Sortname 1879 Second Afghan War 09292nd Regiment of Foot Charasiah, Afghanistan
Template:Sortname 1855 Crimean War 07777th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Template:Sortname 1901 Second Boer War Cape Police Ruiterskraal, South Africa

See also

References

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Bibliography

Archives

Template:Victoria Cross recipients

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