List of Quercus species

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Template:Short description Template:See also The genus Quercus contains about 500 known species, plus about 180 hybrids between them.Template:R The genus, as is the case with many large genera, is divided into subgenera and sections. Traditionally, the genus Quercus was divided into the two subgenera Cyclobalanopsis, the ring-cupped oaks, and Quercus, which included all the other sections. However, a comprehensive revision in 2017 identified different relationships.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Now the genus is commonly divided into a subgenus Quercus and a subgenus Cerris, with Cyclobalanopsis included in the latter. The sections of subgenus Quercus are mostly native to the New World, with the notable exception of the white oaks of sect. Quercus and the endemic Quercus pontica. In contrast, the sections of the subgenus Cerris are exclusively native to the Old World.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/>

Unless otherwise indicated, the lists which follow contain all the species accepted by Plants of the World Online Template:As of, plus selected hybrids that are also accepted,Template:R with placement into sections based on a list produced by Denk et al. for their 2017 classification of the genus.<ref name=DenkApp21/>

Legend

Species with evergreen foliage ("live oaks") are tagged '#'. Species in the genus have been recategorized between deciduous and evergreen on numerous occasions, although this does not necessarily mean that species in the two groups are closely related.

Subgenus Quercus

Section Quercus

Template:See also Section Mesobalanus was included in section Quercus in the 2017 classification used here. Other synonyms include Q. sect. Albae and Q. sect. Macrocarpae. The section comprises the white oaks from Europe, Asia, north Africa, Central and North America.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles short; acorns mature in 6 months, sweet or slightly bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless.Template:Citation needed Template:Div col

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Template:ExtinctQuercus hiholensis acorn in matrix

Section Ponticae

Template:See also Species are native to Western Asia and Western North America. They produce catkins up to 10cm long; the acorns mature annually.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/>

Section Protobalanus

Template:See also The intermediate oaks. Southwest USA and northwest Mexico. Styles short, acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.Template:Citation needed Template:Div col

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Section Lobatae

Template:See also The red oaks (synonym sect. Erythrobalanus), native to North, Central and South America.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles long, acorns mature in 18 months (in most species),<ref>Kershner, Bruce, and Craig Tufts. National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America. New York: Sterling Pub., 2008. Print.</ref> very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.Template:Citation needed Template:Div col

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Section Virentes

Template:See also Section Virentes has also been treated at lower ranks. Species are native south-eastern Northern America, Mexico, the West Indies (Cuba), and Central America.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> A 2017 classification included seven species:<ref name=DenkApp21/> Template:Div col

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Subgenus Cerris

Section Cerris

Template:See also Species are native to Europe, north Africa and Asia.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles long; acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless or slightly hairy.Template:Citation needed

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Section Ilex

Template:See also Species in section Ilex are native to Eurasia and northern Africa.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles medium-long; acorns mature in 12–24 months, appearing hairy on the inside. Evergreen leaves, with bristle-like extensions on the teeth. (Sister group to sect. Cerris and sometimes included in it.)Template:Citation needed Template:Div col

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Section Cyclobalanopsis

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Illustration of Quercus lamellosa, showing acorns in clusters, with visible rings on their cups

The ring-cupped oaks (synonym genus Cyclobalanopsis), native to eastern and southeastern tropical Asia. They have corns with distinctive cups bearing concrescent rings of scales.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> They commonly also have densely clustered acorns, though this does not apply to all of the species.Template:Citation needed About 90 species.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/>

Species

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Section uncertain

Intersectional hybrids

References

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