List of copyright duration by country

Worldwide map of copyright term length

Copyright is the right to copy and publish a particular work. The terms "copy" and "publish" are quite broad. They include copying in electronic form, making translated versions, creating a television program based on the work, and putting the work on the Internet. A work is protected by copyright if it is a literary or artistic work. This general expression covers almost all products of creative and original effort. Copyright protects only the specific expression of an idea, not the idea itself. A collection of facts may be copyrighted if there was creative activity involved in compiling the collection. Several countries provide separate protection for collections of facts that qualify as "databases", but that provision is not considered copyright. Copyright protection is automatic upon creation of the work. In some countries, registration with a copyright office has additional benefits, such as the ability to sue, or to receive more money in damages. When a work's copyright term ends, the work passes into the public domain.

Berne Convention

Signatory states of the Berne Convention

The Berne Convention stipulates that the duration of the term for copyright protection is the life of the author plus at least 50 years after their death.<ref name=Article7>Berne Convention Article 7.</ref> For some categories of works, the minimum duration is shorter: for example, the minimum term for applied art is 25 years, movies have a minimum term of 50 years. Most countries have opted for a longer term of protection, as permitted.

Under the Convention, the duration of copyright depends on the length of the author's life. Berne specifies that copyright exists a minimum of 50 years after the author's death,<ref name=Article7/> while a number of countries, including members of the European Union and the United States, have extended that to 70 years after the author's death. A small number of countries have extended copyright even further, with Mexico having the longest term at 100 years after the author's death.

United States

In 1989, the Berne Convention became effective in the U.S. Since that date, U.S. authors obtain copyright on their works automatically, with registration no longer required. However, many U.S. texts on copyright have not been updated and still echo the old registration principle.<ref name="usco38a">Template:Cite book</ref>

Copyright registration remains available in the U.S. To initiate a lawsuit against an infringer, registration is still required. Registration offers the potential of statutory damages from the infringer, rather than only actual damages.Template:Clarify

European Union

All countries within the European Union are signatory states of the Berne Convention. Additionally, Copyright in the European Union is regulated through European Directives.

The member states of the European Union have, following a directive, increased the term to life of the author plus 70 years after their death. Although this was not the original intention, the extension applies retroactively; this had the effect that works that had ended up in the public domain because the author was dead for 50 years, received an additional twenty years of protection.

European countries follow the principle that copyright protection is granted automatically upon creation of the work. This principle was first established in the Berne Convention (1886), and Article 5 of the Convention expressly forbids any member country to require formal action for copyright protection.<ref name=Article5>Berne Convention Article 5.</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Copyright duration by country

Countries and respective copyright terms, with length of standard copyright in years are listed. Entries for non-country entities are included: the European Union, Berne Convention, and the Universal Copyright Convention, which set minimum terms for their member states or signatories. The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), though not included, requires a copyright length of at least 50 years after death.

Legend

• 0, has no copyright = Not copyrighted at all
• Life + xx years = Copyrighted for authors' lifetime plus xx years after their deaths
• xx years after publication, creation, etc. = copyrighted for xx years since publication, creation, etc., of works
• Until year end = Copyrighted until the end of a calendar year, i.e. 31 December, unless otherwise specified
• Berne = Country has signed the Berne Convention, see Berne in the "Countries, ..." column
• TRIPS = The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is an international agreement administered by the World Trade Organization (WTO) that sets down minimum standards for many forms of intellectual property (IP) regulation as applied to nationals of other WTO Members. This also indicates that this country has at least a minimum of 50 years after the death of the creator until the copyright expires.
• WCT = The World Intellectual Property Organization Copyright Treaty, (WIPO Copyright Treaty or WCT), is an international treaty on copyright law adopted by the member states of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in 1996.

Table

Countries, areas, and entities	Copyright terms based on authors' deathsTemplate:Efn	Copyright terms based on publication and creation datesTemplate:Efn	Until year end?
Template:Flagdeco Afghanistan Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="autogenerated11"/> 50 years from publication (published after authors' deaths)<ref name="autogenerated11"/> 50 years from publication (audiovisual works)<ref name="autogenerated11"/> 50 years from publication (photographic, painting works)<ref name="autogenerated11"/> 50 years from creation (phonogram)<ref name="autogenerated11"/>	Yes (Afghan calendar)<ref name="autogenerated11"/>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Albania"/>Template:Rp 70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (photographic or audiovisual work of joint authorship)<ref name=Art19/> 25 years from production (works of applied art)<ref name="Albania"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Albania"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (collective work, anonymous or pseudonymous work, audiovisual work, posthumous work)<ref name="Algeria"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (photographs or the work of applied art)<ref name="Algeria"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Algeria"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 yearsTemplate:Efn<ref name="Andorra">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (collective work with unknown authorship)<ref name="Andorra"/>Template:Rp 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Andorra"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Andorra"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref name=Angola>Art. 72 and 73(1), Copyright Law n° 15/14, July 2014 1990 (PDF).</ref> Life + 45 years (photographic works or applied arts)<ref name=Angola />		Yes<ref name=Angola />
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	50 years from the death of the author, of the last surviving author for works with more than one author.<ref name=autogenerated5 />
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (anonymous or pseudonymous work, computer generated work, sound recording or film)<ref name="Antigua"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service<ref name="Antigua"/>Template:Rp 25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)<ref name="Antigua"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Antigua"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Argentina	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (anonymous intellectual works belonging to institutions, corporations or legal persons)<ref name="Argentina"/>Template:Rp Phonograms: 70 years from first publication.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Photographs: 20 years from first publication.<ref name="Arg_34">Art. 34 Ley 11.723 del 28 de septiembre de 1933, as modified by Ley 24.870 del 11 de septiembre de 1997, as amended by Law 25006 B.O. 13 August 1998.</ref> Cinematographic works: 50 years after death of the last survivor among the producer, the director, the screenplay writer or the composer (for musical comedies).<ref name="Arg_34"/>	Yes<ref name="Argentina"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref name="Armenia"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Armenia"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>(wikisource)
Template:Flagicon Australia (including external territories)	Life + 70 years<ref name="Australia">Copyright Act 1968 Template:Webarchive (Australia)</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (sound recordings, cinematograph films)<ref name="Australia"/>Template:Rp 50 years after making (television broadcasts and sound broadcasts)<ref name="Australia"/>Template:Rp 25 years from publication (published editions of works)<ref name="Australia"/>Template:Rp [50 years from publication (photographs, no longer applicable since 1 January 2005)]<ref name=autogenerated13>Information Sheets G023 (Duration), Australian Copyright Council Template:Webarchive</ref>	Yes<ref name="Australia"/>Template:Rp<ref name=autogenerated13 />
Template:Flag	Life + 70 yearsTemplate:Efn<ref name="Austria">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp<ref>§ 1(2), Urheberrechtsgesetznovelle 1972 (Nr. 492, 16 December 1972)</ref>	70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Austria"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Austria"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Azerbaijan	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work; posthumous work published at first time during 30 years)<ref name="Azerbaijan"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Azerbaijan"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Berne
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 calendar years from publication (cinematographic films, applied arts works and photographs; anonymous or pseudonymous works; corporate works; posthumous works)<ref name="Bahrain"/>Template:Rp 40 years from publication or 50 years from completion, whichever is shorter (computer software)<ref name="Bahrain"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Bangladesh	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	60 years from publication (cinematographic films,<ref name="Bangladesh"/>Template:Rp sound recordings,<ref name="Bangladesh"/>Template:Rp photographs,<ref name="Bangladesh"/>Template:Rp computer programmes<ref name="Bangladesh"/>Template:Rp or works of the Government, local authority or an international organisation<ref name="Bangladesh"/>Template:Rp)	Yes<ref name="Bangladesh"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref name="Barbados"/>Template:Rp 50 years from making (computer-generated work)<ref name="Barbados"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (sound recordings and films)<ref name="Barbados"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service<ref name="Barbados"/>Template:Rp 25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)<ref name="Barbados"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Barbados"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref name="Belarus"/>Template:Rp 50 years from fixation (performance)<ref name="Belarus"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from fixation (phonogram)<ref name="Belarus"/>Template:Rp 50 years from the first broadcast or cable transmission<ref name="Belarus"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Belarus"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>		Yes<ref name=autogenerated1 />
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name="Belize">s. 10, Copyright Act Ch. 252 Template:Webarchive</ref>	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Belize"/> 50 years from publication (sound recording or film)<ref name="Belize"/> 50 years from publication (computer-generated work)<ref name="Belize"/>	Yes
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>How long does copyright last? Template:Webarchive from Bermuda Government website.</ref>
Berne Convention signatories	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 7, Berne Convention(1)</ref> Signatories may grant longer terms.<ref name="Berne_7_6">Art. 7(6), Berne Convention(1)</ref>	50 years from publication or if not shown 50 years from creation (cinematographic works)<ref>Art. 7(2), Berne Convention(1)</ref> 50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref>Art. 7(3), Berne Convention(1)</ref> 25 years from creation (photographic works)<ref>Art. 7(4), Berne Convention(1)</ref> Signatories may grant longer terms.<ref name="Berne_7_6"/>	Yes<ref>Art. 7(5), Berne Convention(1)</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 18, Copyright Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan, 2001</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 18, Ley No 1322 de 13 de abril de 1992</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 84, Law on Copyright and Related Rights (7/02)</ref>
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS, WCT<ref>Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act, Act No. 8 of 2000</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years	Publication + 70 years (audiovisual and photograpical works) Publication + 70 years (anonymous and pseudonymous works) Creation + 70 years (sound recordings) Publication + 50 years, or, if unpublished, creation + 50 years (computer programs)	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 Years
Template:Flag	Life + 70 Years
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years (EU)<ref>Art. 27, Law on Copyright and Neighbouring Rights, last changed in 2007 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 34, Loi N°032-99AN portant protection de la propriété littéraire et artistique Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years <ref name="WIPOBurundi">"ACT No. 1/021 of December 30, 2005, On the Protection of Copyright and Related Rights in Burundi" Template:Webarchive. WIPO.int.</ref>	50 years from publication (phonograms)<ref name="WIPOBurundi"/>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 30, Law on Copyright and Related Rights of 2003</ref>
Template:Flagicon Cameroon	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 37, Loi no 2000/011 du 19 décembre 2000 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flagicon Canada	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> [Life + 50 years (death before 1972)]	75 years from publication or 100 years from creation, whichever is shorter (anonymous works). There is no revival of copyright in any work in which the copyright had expired before the coming into force in January 2023 of the extension of the term of copyright from 50 to 70 years. 50 years from publication (certain posthumous works)<ref name="canada">s. 6, Copyright Act (R.S., 1985, c. C-42) Template:Webarchive; s. 7, S.C. 1997, c. 24</ref>	Yes<ref name="canada" />
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=Art19>Art. 19, Lei no. 101/III/90 de 29 de dezembro de 1990</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS
Template:Flagicon Chile	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 3, Law 19914 implementing free trade agreement with the US (2003) Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flagicon China (mainland only)	Life + 50 years (citizens' works)<ref name="China">Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China, Art. 21.</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication, or if unpublished, 50 years from creation (works of legal entities, cinematographic works, films or photographic works)<ref name="China"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="China"/>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	80 years from publication (cinematographic works)<ref name="Colombia"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Colombia"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Berne
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	25 years from publication (photograph works).<ref name="Congo, DR"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication (anonymous, pseudonymous or posthumous work)<ref name="Congo, DR"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Congo, DR" />Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name="Congo-Repub">Law No. 24/82 of 7 July 1982, Ordinance-Law No. 86-033 on the Protection of Copyright and Neighboring Rights, Democratic Republic of the Congo Template:Webarchive</ref>	25 years from creation (photographic work and work of applied art)<ref name="Congo-Repub" />Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 58, Ley de Derechos de Autor y Derechos Conexos Template:Webarchive (as last amended by Law No. 8834 of 3 May 2010)</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (photographic or audiovisual works or works of applied art; anonymous or pseudonymous works; posthumous works)<ref name="Ivory"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Ivory"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 99, Copyright and Related Rights Act Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=NA/>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous works)<ref name="Czech"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Czech"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 70 years<ref>s. 63, Consolidated Act on Copyright 2006 Template:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref>Template:Efn
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	For a cinematographic work, 50 years from the date when the work was made lawfully accessible to the public with the author's consent.<ref name="Djibouti"/>Template:Rp For a photographic work or work of applied art, 25 years from the production of the work<ref name="Djibouti"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Djibouti"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>s. 11, Copyright Act 2003</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 21, Ley 65-00 sobre Derecho de Autor del 24 de agosto de 2000, modificada por la Ley No. 424-06 de Implementación del DR-CAFTA</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 80, Ley No. 83 de Propiedad Intelectual (1998)</ref>
Template:Flagicon Egypt	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 160, Law on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref name=":3" />
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> However, there are additional expiration rules in Article 38 of the Main Equatorial Guinea Intellectual Property Law which may affect this.
Template:Flag	Life only, but at least 50 years since publication, whichever is longer (except posthumous works)<ref name="Eritrea">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years since publication (posthumous works)<ref name="Eritrea"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }} {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref name="Estonia"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Estonia"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Copyright Act No. 36 of 1912</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Wondwossen Belete (2004), The Intellectual Property System in Ethiopia, Ethiopian Intellectual Property Office, Addis Ababa, December 2004; see also [1] Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag Members	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	Anonymous or pseudonymous works only: "70 years after the work is lawfully made available to the public" (Art.1(3)). Protection ends if the work is not made available within 70 years from creation. (Art.1(6)).<ref name="EU"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="EU"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 43, Law No. 404/1961, as amended by Law No. 1654/1995</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (photographic works)<ref name="Finland"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Finland"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon France	Life + 70 years (except posthumous works published after this term)Template:Efn<ref name="France">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp The following additions to copyright term formerly applied to all works, but the French Cour de Cassation has found them to be superseded by later copyright treaties, thus limiting the copyright term to life + 70 years total, at least for non-musical works of authors who did not "die for France".<ref>Judgement No. 280 of 27 February 2007 Court of Cassation – First Civil Chamber 04-12138 Template:Webarchive</ref> + 6 years 152 days for musical work published through 1920<ref name="France"/>Template:Rp + 8 years and 120 days for musical work published through 1947<ref name="France"/>Template:Rp + 30 years for all works if the author died on active service (based on the former copyright term, which was life + 50 years, meaning that, in practice, the addition is 10 years longer than the current life + 70 years term)<ref name="France"/>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (pseudonymous, anonymous or collective works)<ref name="France"/>Template:Rp 25 years from publication (posthumous works published after Art. L123-1 term)<ref name="France"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="France"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Berne, TRIPS, WCT
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=autogenerated6>Copyright Act 1956 (p)</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 31, Law on Copyright and Neighbouring Rights of 22 June 1999</ref>
Template:Flagicon Germany	Life + 70 years<ref>§ 64 Urheberrechtsgesetz [2] Template:Webarchive, as amended by the Law of 17 December 2008</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 12, Copyright Act, 2005</ref>
Template:Flagicon Greece	Life + 70 yearsTemplate:Efn<ref name="Greece">Law 2121/1993 </ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)<ref name="Greece"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Greece"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS<ref>Copyright Act, dated 3 February 1989</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 75 years<ref name="Guatemala">Decreto No. 33-98, as modified by Art. 13, Decreto No. 56-2000</ref>Template:Rp	75 years from publication or if unpublished 75 years from creation (computer programs and collective works; anonymous or pseudonymous works; audiovisual works)<ref name="Guatemala"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Guatemala"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	TRIPS, WCT
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Copyright Act 1956</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Berne, TRIPS<ref>Decree of 9 January 1968, relating to Copyright in Literary, Scientific and Artistic Works</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 75 years<ref>Art. 44, Law on Copyright and Related Rights Template:Webarchive</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Yes<ref name=Honduras />
Template:Flagicon Hong KongTemplate:Efn	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp Life + 50 years (films)<ref name="HK"/>Template:RpTemplate:Efn	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works with unknown authorship)<ref name="HK"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (sound recordings)<ref name="HK2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service<ref name="HK2"/>Template:Rp 25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of published editions)<ref name="HK2"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="HK2"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref name=crHU>Art. 31, "Act No. LXXVI of 1999 on Copyright (consolidated text as of January 1, 2007)" Template:Webarchive, wipo.int (access-date: 18 January 2016)</ref>Template:Rp If there are multiple authors, life of last surviving author + 70 years<ref name=crHU/>Template:Rp	70 years and shall be counted from the first day of the year following the first disclosure of the work in case the person of the author is unknown. However, should the author become known during this period of time, the term of protection shall be counted from the first day of the year following the death of the author.<ref name=crHU/>Template:Rp 70 years counted from the first day of the year following the first disclosure of a collective work or a cinematographic creation.<ref name=crHU/>Template:Rp 25 years from the first day of the year following the first disclosure if copyright protection of a scope consistent with the author's economic rights shall be due to the person who, following the expiration of the term of protection or the period of time determined in the term of protection shall be counted from a date other than the first day of the year following the death of the author, the author dying last, or the joint author, discloses according to the law a work previously not disclosed to the public.<ref name=crHU/>Template:Rp As an exception expressions of folklore themselves do not, however, enjoy copyright protection in Hungary.<ref name=crHU/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name=crHU/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 43, Act No. 73/1972, as amended by Art. 4, Act No. 145/1996</ref>
Template:Flagicon India<ref>See also Copyright in India Template:Webarchive.</ref>	Life + 60 years (except posthumous works)Template:Efn<ref name="India">Copyright Act, 1957</ref>Template:Rp	60 years from publication (posthumous works, photographs, cinematograph films, sound recordings, works of public undertakings, and works of international organisations)<ref name="India"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="India"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	70 years from the author's death for books, musics, etc. 50 years after publication for cinematography, photograph, etc.<ref name="UUHC2014"/>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Reformation of article 12 (22 August 2010) Copyright Law of 12 January 1970 Template:Webarchive</ref>	30 years from publication (photographic or cinematographic works)<ref>Art. 16, Copyright Law of 12 January 1970 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 2(11), Coalition Provisional Authority Order No. 2004/83 Template:Webarchive</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagicon Ireland	Life + 70 years<ref>s. 24, Copyright and Related Rights Act, 2000 Template:Webarchive</ref>		Yes
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref name=":2">Post-2007: Israeli Copyright Act of 2007 Template:Webarchive Pre-2007: Crown Law: Art. 5(4), Copyright Ordinance 1924 Template:Webarchive</ref>	50 years from publication (photographs created until May 2007)<ref name=":2" />	Yes<ref name=":2" />
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]<ref name="Italy">Law No. 633 of 22 April 1941, as amended by Art. 17, Law No. 52 of 6 February 1996</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Italy"/>Template:Rp 20 years from publication (copyright of State, the provinces, the communes, the academies or public cultural organizations, or to private legal entities of a non-profit making character)	Yes<ref name="Italy"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Life + 50 years (for authors that died before 1962) <ref name="Jamaica">The Copyright Act Template:Webarchive, as amended by The Copyright (Amendment) Act 2015 Template:Webarchive</ref>	95 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work, work for hire)<ref name="Jamaica"/>Template:Rp 95 years from creation (computer-generated work, broadcast, cable programme)<ref name="Jamaica"/>Template:Rp 95 years from publication or if unpublished 95 years from creation (sound recording or film)<ref name="Jamaica"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)<ref name="Jamaica"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Jamaica"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Japan Template:Anchor	Life + 70 years<ref name=BillboardBiz>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name="Japan">Law No. 48 of 6 May 1970 Template:Webarchive, as amended in 2010</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication, or if unpublished, 70 years from creation (cinematographic works)<ref name="Japan"/>Template:Rp 70 years from publication, or if unpublished, 70 years from creation (works of a legal person or other corporate body)<ref name="Agency for Cultural Affairs">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Japan"/>Template:Rp 70 years from creation (cinematographic works), and 38 years after the film director's death (for films released before 1971), whichever comes last.Template:RpTemplate:Rp	Yes<ref name="Japan"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Jordan	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 30, Law No. 22 of 1992, as amended</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 28, Law on Copyright and Neighbouring Rights of 1996</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from the latest of creation or publication (audio-visual works and photographs)<ref name="Kenya"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Kenya"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name="autogenerated6" />
Template:Flag	Life only Template:Cn		Yes
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name="lukacs-dprk">Copyright Law of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, discussed at: {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Works authored by "an institution, enterprise or organization", 50 years from publication<ref name="lukacs-dprk" />
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="South Korea"/>Template:Rp 70 years from publication, or if unpublished within 50 years, 70 years from creation (works made for hire, cinematographic works)<ref name="South Korea"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="South Korea"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 27, Law on Copyright and Related Rights of 16 December 1997</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 50 yearsTemplate:Efn	50 years after making available. Also: • Anonymous/pseudonymous work: 50 years from the date the work was made available to the public; • Cinematographic work: 50 years from making available, failing that, 50 years from making; • Applied art: 25 years from date of creation. Related: Performances, phonograms, broadcasts: 50 years since the date of performance, fixation, and broadcast, respectively.
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp [Life + 50 years]<ref>Art. 28, Law on Copyright and Neighbouring Rights of 11 May 1993</ref>	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref>Art. 37(2), Copyright Law of 6 April 2000</ref>	Yes<ref name="Latvia"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 49, Loi sur la protection de la propriété littéraire et artistique (no. 75 du 3 avril 1999)</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=autogenerated6 />
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 2.20, An Act Adopting a New Copyright Law of the Republic of Liberia Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 25 years with 50-year minimum (as of 1968; may have changed since)
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]<ref>Art. 32, Law of 19 May 1999 [Art. 36, Law of 26 October 1928</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]<ref>Art. 34, Law No. IX-1355 (2003) [Art. 536, Civil Code as modified by Law No. I-459 (1994) Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]<ref>Art. 9, Law of 18 April 2001 [Art. 2, Law of 29 March 1972]</ref>
Template:FlagTemplate:Efn Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (anonymous works)<ref name="Macau"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication (audiovisual works)<ref name="Macau"/>Template:Rp 25 years from completion (works of applied art)<ref name="Macau"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Macau"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 52, Loi no. 94-036 portant sur la propriété littéraire et artistique</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 13, Copyright Act, 1989</ref>
Template:Flagicon Malaysia<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years after publication (posthumous work, published edition, film, live performance)<ref name="Malaysia"/>Template:Rp 50 years after publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (anonymous, pseudonymous work, sound recording, broadcast, film)<ref name="Malaysia"/>Template:Rp 50 years after being made (broadcast)<ref name="Malaysia"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Malaysia"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 90, Loi No. 8426/AN-RM</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref name="Times_of_Malta.326115">Template:Cite news</ref>		Yes<ref name="Times_of_Malta.326115"/>
Template:Flag	0, no copyright.Template:Efn<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> At this stage the Republic of Marshall Islands is not member to any international convention [or treaty] on copyright<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Instead applies a non-copyright-based protection regime.	0, no copyright.Template:Efn Instead applies a non-copyright-based protection regime.
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 12, Copyright Act 1997</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Life + 75 years (before the law change on 23 July 2003, applicable for deaths before 23 July 1928)<ref>Art. 29, Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (1996)</ref> Life + 50 years (before the law change on 1 January 1994, applicable for deaths before 1 January 1944)<ref>Art. 9, Decreto que reforma, adiciona y deroga disposiciones de diversas leyes relacionadas con el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte Template:Webarchive, and the fourth transitional provision of the same, making the change from 50 pma to 75 pma non-retroactive.</ref> Life + 30 years (before the law change on 11 January 1982, applicable for deaths before 1 January 1952)	75 years from the first fixation of the recording or the first performance/recording of the performance, respectively. 50 years from first publication of the book, the first fixation of the recording, or the first broadcast.	Yes
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>§ 113, Federated States of Micronesia Code, Title 35 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 17, Law on Copyright of 1993</ref>
Template:FlagTemplate:Efn	Life + 70 years<ref name="autogenerated4">Art. 100, Law on Copyright and Related Rights</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 25, Loi no. 2-00 relative aux droits d'auteur et droits voisins</ref>	70 years after a work's lawful publication; if no lawful publication has taken place within 50 years of the making, copyright lasts for 70 years after the work's communication to the public; if no lawful communication to the public has taken place within 50 years of the making, copyright lasts for 70 years after the work is made; and moral rights last perpetually. 70 years for Performers' rights, if no lawful publication has taken place within 50 years of the performance, copyright lasts for 70 years after the work's first performance. 70 years for Broadcasters' rights: if no lawful publication has taken place within 50 years of the work's creation, copyright lasts for 70 years after the work's creation.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 22, Law No. 4/2001</ref>
Template:Flag	TRIPS
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (posthumous works)<ref name="Namibia"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (cinematograph films, photographs and computer programs)<ref name="Namibia"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Namibia"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name="Nauru">Template:Cite news</ref>Template:Rp	25 years after work was made (applied art)<ref name="Nauru"/>Template:Rp 25 years after publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)<ref name="Nauru"/>Template:Rp 50 years after the latest of creation, availability to the public, or publication (collective work or film)<ref name="Nauru"/>Template:Rp 100 years after creation (government works)<ref name="Nauru"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Nauru"/>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagicon Netherlands	Life + 70 years<ref>Auteurswet (Dutch) Template:Webarchive; Art. 37, Copyright Act, 1912, Copyright Act of 1912 (Act of September 23, 1912, Containing New Regulations on Copyright, amended up to 1 September 2017), Netherlands (Kingdom of the) Template:Cbignore</ref>	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work, corporate works with no listed natural author)<ref>Auteurswet (Dutch) Template:Webarchive; Art. 38, Copyright Act, 1912, as amended by the Acts of 21 December 1995 Template:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref> 25 years from publication (works first published more than 70 years after the death of the author)<ref>Copyright Act, 1912, article 45o, part 2</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagicon New Zealand	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from creation (computer-generated work)<ref name="NZ"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="NZ"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 27, Ley de Derecho de Autor y Derechos Conexos (No. 312)</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 22, Ordinance 93-027 of 30 March 1993 on copyright, related rights and expressions of folklore</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years (literary, musical or artistic works other than photographs)<ref name=Nigeria>Schedule I, Copyright Act (Chapter C.28), 2004 Template:Webarchive</ref>	70 years from publication (literary, musical or non-photograph artistic works in the case of government or a body corporate) 50 years from publication (cinematograph films and photographs) 50 years from publication (sound recordings) 50 years from publication (broadcasts)<ref name=Nigeria />	Yes<ref name=Nigeria />
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 44, Law on Copyright and Related Rights No. 47/96 as amended Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years Life + 15 years, but no less than 50 years after publication (Template:"'simple' photographs")<ref name="Norway"/><ref name=no1>s. 40, Act No. 2 of 12 May 1961. Relating to copyright in literary, scientific and artistic works, etc., with subsequent amendments, latest of 16 April 1999 Template:Webarchive</ref>	70 years following the year of death of the author (i.e. an author that died in 1950 will have their works protected until 1 January 2021). In a collective or joint work, this is counted from the death of the longest surviving author. For a motion picture, the following are to be considered authors: main director, scriptwriter, dialogue author, and composer of original musical score. 70 years for anonymous works from the year when the work was created. If such an unpublished work, whose copyright has expired, is then later published, the publisher is entitled for a copyright for 25 years from the year of publication<ref name="Norway">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> One exception from the rule is works that are already in public domain in their country of origin who are members of the Berne Union and/or WTO. These will enter public domain in Norway once they enter public domain in the country of their origin even if less than 70 years have passed since the creators' death.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> "Norway also has some peculiar laws that protect «simple» photographs. I.e. photographs, such as snapshots, that are below the threshold of originality to merit copyright protection are given neighbouring rights protection. [..] The Norwegian copyright act does not address public domain directly. The Norwegian copyright law defines two basic rights for authors: economic rights and moral rights. [..] For material that is outside the scope of copyright, the phrase «i det fri» («in the free») is used. This corresponds roughly to the term «public domain» in English. Norwegian copyright law makes a distinction between copyright and neighbouring rights. Only creative and artistic works are subject to copyright. Some other types of works are protected by so-called neighbouring rights."<ref name="Norway"/>	Yes<ref name=no1 />
Template:Flagicon Oman Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	90 years from the year following the publication 120 years from the year following the completion<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	Yes
Template:Flagicon Pakistan Template:Anchor	Life + 50 years<ref name=Pakistan-1962-s.18>s. 18, Copyright Ordinance 1962, as amended to year 2000 Template:Webarchive</ref>		Yes<ref name=Pakistan-1962-s.18/>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 16, Republic of Palau Copyright Act of 2003</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 59, Ley No 64 del 10 de octubre de 2012</ref>		Yes
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 17, Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 47, Ley No. 1328/98 de Derecho de Autor y Derechos Conexos</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 52, Decreto legislativo 822 del 23 de abril de 1996</ref>
Template:Flagicon Philippines	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (photographic works), or 50 years from creation if unpublished within 50 years of creation<ref name="Philippines"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Philippines"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Poland	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 36, "Law of February 4, 1994, on Copyright and Neighbouring Rights", as amended by the Law of 22 July 2000 Template:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]<ref>Art. 31, Code of Copyright and Related Rights Template:Webarchive, (approved by Decree-Law No. 63/85 of March 14, 1985, and amended up to Decree-Law No. 9/2021 of January 29, 2021), Portugal</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 15, Law No. 7 of 2002</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagicon Russia	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Life + 74 years (for those who fought in or worked during the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)) Date of rehabilitation + 70 (74) years (for unlawfully prosecuted and posthumously rehabilitated) Protection applies if copyright term of Life + 50 years (or Life + 54 years) did not expire by 1 January 1993.<ref name="231-FZ">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> 50 years from creation if unpublished, or 50 years from publication (sound records)<ref name="GKRF_1317">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> 70 years from publication (anonymous works)<ref name="GKRF_1281"/> 70 years from publication if published within 70 years from death (posthumous publication) 70 years from publication if published before 3 August 1993 by a corporation (cinematographic, television, radio works, print periodicals and compilations).<ref name="231-FZ"/> Protection term applies to "the whole work" only, i.e. individual authors of each protectable part of the whole work retain their own copyright<ref name="GK_RSFSR_484">Civil Code of the RSFSR, Articles 484–487</ref> All works published prior to the October Revolution (7 November 1917) are believed to be uncopyrighted.
Template:Flag	Berne, TRIPS
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=autogenerated6 />
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 10, Copyright Act, 1995</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	75 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (sound recording or film)<ref name="StVincent"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (computer-generated work)<ref name="StVincent"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service<ref name="StVincent"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="StVincent"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 36, Legge n. 8 del 25 gennaio 1991 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 31 Código del Derecho de Autor e Dos Direitos Conexos (aprobado por el Decreto-Lei n.º 02/2017) Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagicon SerbiaTemplate:Efn	Life + 70 years<ref name=autogenerated4 />
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	50 years from publication (audio-visual works)<ref name="Seychelles"/>Template:Rp 25 years from creation (applied art)<ref name="Seychelles"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Seychelles"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (photograph, film, or broadcast)<ref name="SierraLeone"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (sound recording)<ref name="SierraLeone"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag<ref>See also the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore factsheet. Template:Webarchive</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	70 years from publication (posthumous work, photograph)<ref name="Singapore"/>Template:Rp 70 years from publication (sound recordings and cinematograph films)<ref name="Singapore"/>Template:Rp 50 years after making (television broadcasts, sound broadcasts, cable programmes)<ref name="Singapore"/>Template:Rp 25 years from publication (published editions of works)<ref name="Singapore"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Singapore"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=NA>Copy right directive 1913 (Netherlands Antilles) Template:Webarchive, last amended 1 March 2004.</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>§ 21, Law on Copyright and Rights Related to Copyright (Copyright Act) No. 618/2003 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 59, Copyright and Related Rights Act of 30 March 1995</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 3, Copyright Act (Ch. 138) Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flag	Very unclear. See the discussion at Commons.
Template:Flagicon South Africa	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (cinematography films, photographs, computer programs)<ref name="SouthAfrica"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication (sound recordings; broadcasts; programme-carrying signals; and published editions)<ref name="SouthAfrica"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="SouthAfrica"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Spain	Life + 70 years (for authors that died on or after 7 December 1987) Life + 80 years (for authors that died before 7 December 1987) <ref name="Spain">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>		Yes<ref name="Spain"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	70 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from completion (audiovisual work)<ref name=slact /> 25 years from publication (applied art)<ref name=slact />	Yes<ref name=slact />
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	25 years from publication (photographic pictures and cinematographic films and other audiovisual works; works published under unknown pseudonym or anonymously)<ref name="Sudan"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name="Suriname">SASUR -Wet auteursrecht art. 38 Template:Webarchive|date=January</ref>	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work) (art. 39)	Yes
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref name=Sweden>Art. 43, Act 1960:729 Template:Webarchive, as modified by Act 1995:1273</ref>		Yes<ref name=Sweden />
Template:Flagicon Switzerland	Life + 70 years effective 1 July 1993 non-retroactively, but Life + 50 years for computer programs<ref>Art. 29 Urheberrechtgesetz Template:Webarchive/ Loi sur le droit d'auteur Template:Webarchive par. 2</ref> [Life + 50 years (before the law change on 1 July 1993, applicable for deaths through 1942)]<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Switzerland"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	10 years from production (photographic, fine arts or plastic arts)<ref name="Syria"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Taiwan (Republic of China)	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Taiwan" />Template:Rp 50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (corporate works; photographic works, audiovisual works, sound recordings, and performances)<ref name="Taiwan" />Template:Rp 10 years from publication (posthumous works first published 40 to 50 years after death)<ref name="Taiwan" />Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Taiwan" />Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon Tajikistan	Berne
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 14, Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act, 1999</ref>
Template:Flagicon Thailand	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 19, Copyright Act, B.E. 2537 (1994)</ref>	50 years from publication or 50 years from creation if not published within 50 years from creation
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=autogenerated16>Art. 119, Law No. 14/2022</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 36, Loi no. 91-12 portant protection du droit d'auteur, du folklore et des droits voisins</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 13, Copyright Act (Cap. 121)</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Copyright Act (Act No. 8 of 1997, as amended by Act No. 18 of 2000), Trinidad and Tobago. </ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 18, Loi no. 94-36</ref>	Authors' rights : economic rights: reproduction right; right of adaptation and translation; public performance right; broadcasting right; right of communication to the public by cable or satellite or any other means; right of communication of a broadcast work in a public place. moral rights: right to claim authorship; right to object modification; right of disclosure; right of withdrawal. Performers' rights: The law contains no provisions regarding performers. Broadcasters' rights: The law contains no provisions regarding broadcasters.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flagicon Turkey	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 27, Law No. 5846 of 5 December 1951</ref>	70 years from publication for work-for-hire
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>Art. 1094, Civil Code of Turkmenistan</ref>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref name=autogenerated6 />
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	50 years from publication (corporate works, anonymous works, and computer programs)<ref name=autogenerated2 />
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years (1994–2001)]<ref name="ua">Art. 28, Law of Ukraine on Copyright and Related Rights, 1993 with amendments 2004 Template:Webarchive</ref>	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work) 70 years from publication (published within 30 years from authors' deaths)<ref name="ua"/>	Yes<ref name="ua"/>
Template:Flag	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 20, Federal Law No. 7 of 2002 Template:Webarchive</ref>
Template:Flagicon United Kingdom	Life + 70 years If there are multiple authors, life of last surviving author + 70 years<ref name="UK">Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 Template:Webarchive, as amended by s. 5, Duration of Copyright and Rights in Performances Regulations 1995 Template:Webarchive</ref>Template:Rp For films, life + 70 years for the last to die of: principal director, author of screenplay, author of dialogue, or composer of music specifically created for and used in the film.<ref name="UK"/>Template:Rp	70 years if the author is unknown 70 years after release; if not released, 70 years after making (sound recordings).<ref>Copyright term for sound recordings increases from 50 to 70 years today Template:Webarchive. MusicWeek, 1 November 2013.</ref> Recordings which entered the public domain prior to 1 January 2013 are not retroactively covered. 50 years from end of calendar year when the broadcast was first made (broadcasts)<ref name="UK"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="UK"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flagicon United States<ref>Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States Template:Webarchive by Peter B. Hirtle.</ref>	Life + 70 years (works published since 1978 or unpublished works)<ref>Template:UnitedStatesCode(a)</ref>	95 years from publication or 120 years from creation, whichever is shorter (anonymous works, pseudonymous works, or works made for hire, published since 1978)<ref>Template:UnitedStatesCode(c)</ref> 95 years from publication for works published 1964–1977; 28 (if copyright not renewed) or 95 years from publication for works published {{#time:Y|now -95 years}}–1963 (copyrights prior to {{#time:Y|now -95 years}} have expired, not including copyrights on sound recordings fixed prior to 15 February 1972, covered only under state laws.)<ref>Template:UnitedStatesCodeTemplate:UnitedStatesCode</ref>	Yes<ref>Template:UnitedStatesCode</ref>
Universal Copyright Convention minimum terms	Life + 25 years (general works)<ref name="UCC_IV_2a">Article IV 2(a), Universal Copyright Convention</ref>	25 years from publication (specific works not based on authors' deaths)<ref name="UCC_IV_2a"/> 10 years (photographic works or to works of applied art)<ref>Article IV 3, Universal Copyright Convention</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> 70 years from publication (collective works)<ref name=":0" />	Yes<ref name=":0" />
Template:Flag	Life + 70 years<ref>Art. 38, Law No. 272-I of 30 August 1996 Template:Webarchive (amended Template:Webarchive as of 2021)</ref>
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 50 years<ref name="vanuatucopy2000">Art. 19, Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000 Template:Webarchive</ref>	25 years after the work is made (works of applied art)<ref name="vanuatucopy2000"/> 50 years after the latest of: the date the work is made, the date the work is made available to the public or the date of first publication (works published anonymously or under a pseudonym, collective works and audiovisual works)<ref name="vanuatucopy2000"/> 50 years after the death of the last author to die (works of joint authorship)<ref name="vanuatucopy2000"/>	Yes<ref name="vanuatucopy2000"/>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	60 years from publication; 60 years from creation if unpublished (an audiovisual work, a broadcast work or a computer program)<ref name="Venezuela"/>Template:Rp 60 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)<ref name="Venezuela"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Venezuela"/>Template:Rp
Template:Flag	Berne
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	10 years from the date of issue from 1 January of the year of issue for photographs; 25 years from the date of production from 1 January of the production year for motion picture or television film.<ref name="Yemen">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> After expiry of copyright, the work "may be announced to be the ownership of the State" (emphasis added).<ref name="Yemen" />
Template:Flag Template:Anchor	Life + 50 years<ref>s. 12, Copyright and Performance Rights Act, 1994</ref>
Template:Flag	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Rp	50 years from publication (photographs)<ref name="Zimbabwe"/>Template:Rp 50 years from creation (Sound recordings)<ref name="Zimbabwe"/>Template:Rp 50 years from publication (cinematograph films, broadcasts)<ref name="Zimbabwe"/>Template:Rp	Yes<ref name="Zimbabwe"/>Template:Rp

See also

• List of parties to international copyright agreements
• Moral rights
• Copyright of official texts
• Rule of the shorter term

External links

• Summary of copyright terms in various countries, with links to summaries or copies of national laws
• UNESCO Collection of National Copyright Laws with links to the official documentation for most listed countries (archived 16 June 2004)
• The duration of copyright in various countries (archived 4 February 2014)