List of heads of state of Lithuania

Template:Short description Template:More footnotes needed Template:Use dmy dates Template:History of Lithuania The article is a list of heads of state of Lithuania over historical Lithuanian state. The timeline includes all heads of state of Lithuania as a sovereign entity, legitimately part of a greater sovereign entity, a client state, or a constituent republic subject to an outside authority. Currently, the head of state is the President of Lithuania.

During the inaugurations of Lithuanian monarchs until 1569, the Gediminas' Cap was placed on the monarch's heads by the Bishop of Vilnius in Vilnius Cathedral.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Kingdom of Lithuania (1251–1263)

Template:MainTitle: King of Lithuania (Template:Langx). Dates are approximate because of scant written sources.

House of Mindaugas (1253–1263)

|King
Template:Big
1236
–
1253
(as Grand Duke)

---

1253
–
1263
(as King)|| || Template:Circa

---

Son of mythological Ringaudas ||Template:Gray NN, sister of Morta
2 children

---

Template:Gray Morta
2 children || 1263
Aglona
Assassinated by Treniota
and Daumantas
Aged about 60

|- |}

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1263–1569)

Title: Grand Duke (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx). Dates are approximate because of scant written sources.

House of Mindaugas (1263–1267)

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1263
–
1264|| || Unknown

---

Son of NN,
Mindaugas' sister
and Vykintas || Unknown
1 child || 1264
Murdered by servants
loyal to Mindaugas' son Vaišvilkas

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1264
–
1267|| || Unknown

---

Son of Mindaugas
and Morta || Unmarried and
childless|| 1268
Was murdered
by Leo I of Galicia

|- |}

House of Monomakh (1267–1269)

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
Template:Langx
1267
–
1269|| || Template:Circa
Halych

---

Son of Daniel of Galicia || NN, daughter of Mindaugas
No children || Template:Circa
Kholm
Aged about 39

|- |}

House of Mindaugas (1269–1285)

Template:Monarchs - table header |Grand Duke
Template:Big
1270
–
1282|||| 1220 || Ona of Masovia
1 child|| 1282
Kernavė
Aged 62 |- |Grand Duke
Template:Big
1282
–
1285|| || Unknown ||Unknown || 3 March 1285
Died in a battle by Tver |- |}

House of Gediminas (1285–1440)

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1285
–
1291|| || None known || Unknown

---

Son of
Skalmantas (?) || Unknown ||1291

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1291
–
1295|| || None known || Unknown

---

Son of
Skalmantas (?) || Unknown || Template:Circa

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1295
–
1316|||| None known || 1260

---

Son of Butvydas || Vikinda
1 child|| 1316
Aged 56

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1316
–
1341|||| None known || Template:Circa

---

Son of Butvydas || Jaunė
13 children || Template:Circa
Raudonė
Aged about 66

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1341
–
1345|||| None known || Template:Circa

---

Son of Gediminas
and Jaunė|| Unknown
3 children || Template:Circa
Aged 57−60

|-

|Grand Duke
(Diarchy with Kęstutis)
Template:Big
1345
–
1377 |||| || Template:Circa

---

Son of Gediminas
and Jaunė|| Template:Gray Maria of Vitebsk
6 children

---

Template:Gray Uliana of Tver
8 children|| Template:Circa
Maišiagala
Aged about 81

|-

|Grand Duke
(Diarchy with Kęstutis)
Template:Big
May 1377
–
August 1381||File:Žygimont Aŭgust-Jagajła. Жыгімонт Аўгуст-Ягайла (K. Aleksandrovič, 1790).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || Template:Circa
Vilnius

---

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Template:Gray Jadwiga of Poland
1 child

---

Template:Gray Anna of Cilli
1 child

---

Template:Gray Elizabeth Granowska
No children

---

Template:Gray Sophia of Halshany
2 children || 1 June 1434
Gródek Jagielloński
Aged 72−82

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1381
–
1382 || File:Kiejstut.JPG || || Template:Circa
Senieji Trakai

---

Son of Gediminas
and Jaunė|| Birutė
3 children|| 1382
Kreva
Murdered by the order of
Jogaila while imprisoned
Aged 84–85

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
3 August 1382
–
1 June 1434
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Žygimont Aŭgust-Jagajła. Жыгімонт Аўгуст-Ягайла (K. Aleksandrovič, 1790).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || Template:Circa
Vilnius

---

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Template:Gray Jadwiga of Poland
1 child

---

Template:Gray Anna of Cilli
1 child

---

Template:Gray Elizabeth Granowska
No children

---

Template:Gray Sophia of Halshany
2 children || 1 June 1434
Gródek Jagielloński
Aged 72−82

|- |- ! colspan="6" |Act of Kreva signed in 1385
Poland and Lithuania de jure are ruled by one monarch but remain to be separate states. |-

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Template:Big
3 August 1382
–
1 June 1434
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Žygimont Aŭgust-Jagajła. Жыгімонт Аўгуст-Ягайла (K. Aleksandrovič, 1790).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || Template:Circa
Vilnius

---

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Template:Gray Jadwiga of Poland
1 child

---

Template:Gray Anna of Cilli
1 child

---

Template:Gray Elizabeth Granowska
No children

---

Template:Gray Sophia of Halshany
3 children || 1 June 1434
Gródek Jagielloński
Aged 72−82

|- |-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
1386
–
1392 ||File:Skirgajła. Скіргайла (A. Guagnini, 1578).jpg|| || Template:Circa
Vilnius

---

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Unknown
1 child || 11 January 1397
Kyiv
Possibly poisoned
by the order of the
Russian Orthodox priests
Aged 43−44

|- |- ! colspan="6" |Astrava Agreement signed in 1392
Following the Lithuanian Civil War, Skirgaila is replaced by Vytautas. The latter and his successors de jure act as regents of the King of Poland until 1440. |-

|Grand Duke
King-elect of Lithuania
Template:Big
Vytautas the Great
4 August 1392
–
27 October 1430
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Vitaŭt Vialiki. Вітаўт Вялікі (XVIII).jpg|| || Template:Circa
Senieji Trakai

---

Son of Kęstutis
and Birutė || Template:Gray Anna
1 child

---

Template:Gray Uliana Olshanska
No children || 27 October 1430
Trakai
Aged about 80

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
October 1430
–
1 August 1432||File:Svitrigaila (118503655).jpg|| || Before 1370
Vilnius

---

Son of Algirdas
and Uliana of Tver || Anna of Tver
1 child || 10 February 1452
Lutsk
Aged about 82

|-

|Grand Duke
Template:Big
Template:Langx
1432
–
1440 ||File:Žygimont Kiejstutavič. Жыгімонт Кейстутавіч (XIX).jpg|| || 1365
Trakai

---

Son of Kęstutis
and Birutė|| Unknown
1 child|| 20 March 1440
Trakai
Murdered by supporters
of Švitrigaila
Aged 75

|- |}

House of Jagiellon (1440–1569)

File:Decius 1521.jpg

The Gediminids-Jagiellonians ruled medieval Lithuania.

The act of personal union with Poland was signed as early as 1385; however, the continuous line of common rulers of the two countries started only with Casimir IV (even then, Polish and Lithuanians twice selected different rulers following the death of an earlier common monarch, but the Lithuanian one always eventually assumed the Polish throne). The monarchs retained separate titles for both parts of the state, and their numbering was kept separate. The Jagiellon dynasty was a direct continuation of the Gediminids.Template:Monarchs - table header

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Template:Big
Template:Langx
29 June 1440
–
7 June 1492
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Kazimier Jagajłavič. Казімер Ягайлавіч (1645).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 30 November 1427
Kraków

---

Son of Jogaila Algirdaitis
and Sophia of Halshany || Elisabeth of Austria
12 children || 7 June 1492
Old Grodno Castle
Aged 64

|-Template:Circa 1263 – Template:Circa 1265||||Template:Circa|| ||

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Template:Big
Template:Langx
30 July 1492
–
19 August 1506
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Aleksander Jagiellonczyk (275208).jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 5 August 1461
Kraków

---

Son of Kazimieras Jogailaitis and
Elisabeth of Austria || Helena of Moscow
No children|| 19 August 1506
Vilnius
Aged 45

|-Template:Circa 1263 – Template:Circa 1265||||Template:Circa|| ||

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Template:Big
Sigismund I the Old
Template:Langx
8 December 1506
–
1 April 1548
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:Kulmbach Sigismund I the Old.jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 1 January 1467
Kozienice

---

Son of Kazimieras Jogailaitis and
Elisabeth of Austria || Template:Gray Barbara Zápolya
2 children

---

Template:Gray Bona Sforza
6 children|| 1 April 1548
Kraków
Aged 81

|-Template:Circa 1263 – Template:Circa 1265||||Template:Circa|| ||

|King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Template:Big
Template:Langx
18 October 1529
–
7 July 1572
(Template:Age in years and days) ||File:Cranach the Younger Sigismund II Augustus.jpg|| File:COA Jagiellon.svg || 1 August 1520
Kraków

---

Son of Žygimantas the Old
and Bona Sforza || Template:Gray Elisabeth of Austria
No children

---

Template:Gray Barbara Radziwiłł
No children

---

Template:Gray Catherine of Austria
No children|| 7 July 1572
Knyszyn
Aged 51

|- ! colspan="6" |Union of Lublin signed in 1569
Poland and Lithuania are united into a single Commonwealth. |-Template:Circa 1263 – Template:Circa 1265||||Template:Circa|| || |}

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795)

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was established by the Union of Lublin in 1569. The elected King of Poland was automatically a Grand Duke of Lithuania (until then the Lithuanian dukedom was hereditary). The first common ruler of both countries was Sigismund II Augustus.

During the Deluge of the Second Northern War, Lithuania signed the Union of Kėdainiai with the Swedish Empire in 1655, thus de jure ending its union with Poland. However, due to Sweden's losses, the agreement soon fell out of favor and was not properly enforced, leading to the further continuation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Following the partitions in 1772, 1793, and 1795, the commonwealth ceased to exist and Lithuania proper became part of the Russian Empire for 123 years. There are some gaps in the timeline as it took a while to elect a new king. The first Grand Duke elected after the Gediminid line became extinct and after the Valois fled back to France was Stephen Báthory, who had made an effort to be recognized as Grand Duke of Lithuania by establishing Vilnius University.

Title: King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania

Template:Nobility table header |- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Sigismund II Augustus
Template:Langx

1 July 1569
Template:Ndash
7 July 1572
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Cranach the Younger Sigismund II Augustus.jpg | File:COA Jagiellon.svg

| 1 August 1520
Kraków

---

Son of Žygimantas the Old
and Bona Sforza

| Template:Grey Elisabeth of Austria
Barbara Radziwiłł
Catherine of Austria | 7 July 1572
Knyszyn
Aged 51

| Hereditary

---

First monarch to
introduce elective
monarchy

| Jagiellon

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Henry
Template:Langx
16 May 1573
Template:Ndash
12 May 1575
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Henri III - portrait after Jean Decourt - Musée Condé.jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Henri de Valois as lifelong king of Poland.svg

| 19 September 1551
Fontainebleau

---

Son of Henry II and Catherine de' Medici

| Template:Grey Louise of Lorraine, no children | 2 August 1589
Saint-Cloud
Aged 37

| Elected

---

Left Poland in June 1574 to succeed his brother in France

---

Interregnum until 1575

| Valois

|- |Queen of Poland
and Grand Duchess
Anna
Template:Langx
15 December 1575
Template:Ndash
19 August 1587
(de facto)
(Template:Age in years and days)
Template:Ndash
9 September 1596
(de jure)
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Kober Anna Jagiellon as a widow.jpg | File:COA Jagiellon.svg

| 18 October 1523
Kraków

---

Daughter of Sigismund I and Bona Sforza

| Template:Grey Stephen Báthory, no children | 9 September 1596
Warsaw
Aged 72

| Elected co-monarch with Stephen Báthory

---

Sole ruler until Báthory's arrival and coronation in May 1576

---

Ruled after husband's death until her nephew was elected

| Jagiellon

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Stephen Báthory
Template:Langx
1 May 1576
Template:Ndash
12 December 1586
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Riehl Portrait of Stephen Bathory.jpg | File:Bathory coat of arms.svg

| 27 September 1533
Szilágysomlyó (Șimleu Silvaniei)

---

Son of Stephen Báthory of Somlyó and Catherine Telegdi

| Template:Grey Anna Jagiellon, no children | 12 December 1586
Grodno
Aged 53

| Elected as co-monarch with Anna Jagiellon

---

Previously Prince of Transylvania

| Báthory

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Sigismund III
Template:Langx
19 August 1587
Template:Ndash
30 April 1632
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Rubens Sigismund III Vasa.jpg | File:Polish House of Vasa Coa.svg

| 20 June 1566
Gripsholm

---

Son of John III of Sweden and Catherine Jagiellon | Template:Grey Anne of Austria, 5 children

---

Template:Grey Constance of Austria, 7 children

| 30 April 1632
Warsaw
Aged 65

| Elected, nephew of Anna Jagiellon

---

Transferred capital from Kraków to Warsaw

---

Hereditary King of Sweden until deposition in 1599

| Vasa

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Władysław IV
also Ladislaus IV
Template:Langx
8 November 1632
Template:Ndash
20 May 1648
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Rubens Władysław Vasa.jpg | File:Polish House of Vasa Coa.svg

| 9 June 1595
Łobzów

---

Son of Sigismund III and Anne of Austria | Template:Grey Cecilia Renata of Austria, 3 children

---

Template:Grey Marie Louise Gonzaga

| 20 May 1648
Merkinė
Aged 52

| Elective succession

---

Also titular King of Sweden and elected Tsar of Russia (1610–1613) when the Polish army captured Moscow

| Vasa

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
John II Casimir
Template:Langx
20 November 1648
Template:Ndash
16 September 1668
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Schultz John II Casimir Vasa.jpg | File:Polish House of Vasa Coa.svg

| 22 March 1609
Kraków

---

Son of Sigismund III and Constance of Austria | Template:Grey Marie Louise Gonzaga, 2 children

---

Template:Grey Claudine Françoise Mignot (morganatic marriage)

| 16 December 1672
Nevers
Aged 63

| Elective succession, succeeded half-brother

---

Previously a cardinal

---

Disputed with Charles X Gustav between 1655–1657

---

Titular King of Sweden

---

Abdicated

| Vasa

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Michael I
Template:Langx
19 June 1669
Template:Ndash
10 November 1673
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:King Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki.jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki as king of Poland.svg

| 31 May 1640
Biały Kamień

---

Son of Jeremi Wiśniowiecki and Gryzelda Konstancja Zamoyska

| Template:Grey Eleonora Maria of Austria, 1 child | 10 November 1673
Lwów
Aged 33

| Elected

---

Born into nobility of mixed heritage, the son of a military commander and governor

| Wiśniowiecki

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
John III Sobieski
Template:Langx
19 May 1674
Template:Ndash
17 June 1696
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Schultz John III Sobieski.jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Jan Sobieski as king of Poland.svg

| 17 August 1629
Olesko

---

Son of Jakub Sobieski and Teofila Zofia

| Template:Grey Marie Casimire d'Arquien, 13 children | 17 June 1696
Wilanów
Aged 66

| Elected

---

Born into nobility

---

A successful military commander

| Sobieski

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Augustus II
Template:Langx
15 September 1697
Template:Ndash
1706
(1st reign, 9 years) | File:August II the Strong.PNG | File:Coat of Arms of Wettin kings of Poland.svg

| 12 May 1670
Dresden

---

Son of John George III and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark

| Template:Grey Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, 1 son by wife | 1 February 1733
Warsaw
Aged 62

| Elected

---

Previously Elector and ruler of Saxony

---

Dethroned by Stanislaus I in 1706 during the Great Northern War

| Wettin

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Stanislaus I
Template:Langx
12 July 1704
Template:Ndash
8 July 1709
(1st reign, Template:Age in years and days) | File:Mányoki Stanislaus Leszczyński.png | File:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Leszczynski as king of Poland.svg

| 20 October 1677
Lwów

---

Son of Rafał Leszczyński and Anna Jabłonowska

| Template:Grey Catherine Opalińska, 2 children | 23 February 1766
Lunéville
Aged 88

| Usurped

---

Nominated as ruler in 1704, crowned in 1705 and deposed predecessor in 1706

---

Exiled in 1709

| Leszczyński

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Augustus II
Template:Langx
8 July 1709
Template:Ndash
1 February 1733
(2nd reign, Template:Age in years and days) | File:August II (1670-1733).jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Wettin kings of Poland.svg

| 12 May 1670
Dresden

---

Son of John George III and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark

| Template:Grey Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, 1 son by wife | 1 February 1733
Warsaw
Aged 62 | Restored | Wettin

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Stanislaus I
Template:Langx
12 September 1733
Template:Ndash
26 January 1736
(2nd reign, Template:Age in years and days) | File:Portrait of Stanisław I Leszczyński.jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Leszczynski as king of Poland.svg

| 20 October 1677
Lwów

---

Son of Rafał Leszczyński and Anna Jabłonowska

| Template:Grey Catherine Opalińska, 2 children | 23 February 1766
Lunéville
Aged 88

| Elected

---

His election sparked the War of the Polish Succession

---

Deposed by Augustus III in 1736

| Leszczyński

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Augustus III
Template:Langx
5 October 1733
Template:Ndash
5 October 1763
(30 years) | File:Louis de Silvestre - Portrait of Augustus III of Poland (after 1733) - Google Art Project.jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Wettin kings of Poland.svg

| 17 October 1696
Dresden

---

Son of Augustus II the Strong and Christiane Eberhardine

| Template:Grey Maria Josepha of Austria, 16 children | 5 October 1763
Dresden
Aged 66

| Usurped

---

Proclaimed King of Poland in 1733, crowned in 1734

---

Dethroned elected predecessor in 1736

| Wettin

|- |King of Poland
and Grand Duke
Stanislaus II Augustus
Template:Langx
7 September 1764
Template:Ndash
25 November 1795
(Template:Age in years and days) | File:Vigee Stanislaw Augustus.jpg | File:Coat of Arms of Stanislaus Augustus as king of Poland.svg

| 17 January 1732
Wołczyn

---

Son of Stanisław Poniatowski and Konstancja Czartoryska

| Unmarried | 1 February 1798
Saint Petersburg
Aged 66

| Elected

---

Born into nobility

---

Last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, his reign ended in the Partitions of Poland

| Poniatowski |}

Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)

Template:Main The Council of Lithuania declared independence on 16 February 1918 and invited Wilhelm of Urach to become king of Lithuania. The name of the state was the Kingdom of Lithuania. On 9 July 1918, Duke Wilhelm accepted the offer and took the name Mindaugas II. However, on 2 November the council revoked this decision as it was likely Germany would lose the war.

House of Urach (1918)

|King
Mindaugas II
Template:Dts
–
Template:Dts
(Template:Age in years and days)||File:WilhelofUrach.jpg|| File:Wappen des Herzogs von Urach.svg || 30 May 1864

---

Son of Wilhelm, 1st Duke of Urach and
Princess Florestine of Monaco || Duchess Amalie in Bavaria
Princess Wiltrud of Bavaria || 24 March 1928

|- |}

Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940)

Presidents of the Presidium of the Council of Lithuania

The state of Lithuania was ruled by the Presidium of the State Council of Lithuania, its chairman was de facto Head of State. The institution of President was established on 4 April 1919. Chairman of the Presidium Antanas Smetona was elected as First President of the State of Lithuania by the State Council of Lithuania and was the only one in under whose rule this position has been considered the office of the head of state.

Template:Abbr	Portrait	Name Template:Small	Term	Party		Election	Prime Minister
1	File:Antanas Smetona-edit2.jpg	Antanas Smetona Template:Small	Template:Dts –		Party of National Progress	1917 By the Council	Position officially established on November 11, 1918
							Augustinas Voldemaras
							Mykolas Sleževičius
							Pranas Dovydaitis

Presidents of the Republic of Lithuania

The institution of President (Template:Langx) was created on 4 April 1919. Antanas Smetona was elected as the first President of Lithuania. Template:Sticky header

Template:Abbr	Portrait	Name Template:Small	Term	Party		Election	Prime Minister
1	File:Antanas Smetona 2.jpg	Antanas Smetona Template:Small	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Party of National Progress	4 April 1919 By the Council	Pranas Dovydaitis
							Mykolas Sleževičius
	File:Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885-1969).jpg	Aleksandras Stulginskis Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party	Acting President as Chairman of the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania
–
							Ernestas Galvanauskas
							Kazys Grinius
	File:Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885-1969).jpg	Aleksandras Stulginskis Template:Small	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party	21 December 1922 By the Seimas
2
							Ernestas Galvanauskas
							Antanas Tumėnas
							Vytautas Petrulis
							Leonas Bistras
	File:Kazys Grinius.jpg	Kazys Grinius Template:Small	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union	7 June 1926 By the Seimas
3
							Mykolas Sleževičius
							Augustinas Voldemaras
1926 Lithuanian coup d'état
–	File:Jonas Staugaitis.jpg	Jonas Staugaitis Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union	Unelected — acting President following coup d'état	Augustinas Voldemaras
–	File:Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885-1969).jpg	Aleksandras Stulginskis Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts		Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party	Unelected — acting President following coup d'état
	File:Antanas Smetona 2.jpg	Antanas Smetona Template:Small	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Lithuanian Nationalist Union	19 December 1926 In illegitimate elections
1
							Juozas Tūbelis
							Juozas Tūbelis
							Juozas Tūbelis
						11 December 1931 In illegitimate elections
							Vladas Mironas
						14 October 1938 In illegitimate elections
							Vladas Mironas
							Jonas Černius
							Antanas Merkys
15 June 1940 — 1st Soviet occupation of Lithuania
–	File:Antanas Merkys.jpg	Antanas Merkys Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Lithuanian Nationalist Union	Unelected — de jure acting President	Antanas Merkys
–	File:Justas Paleckis 1961b.jpg	Justas Paleckis Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts		Communist Party of Lithuania	Unelected — nominal acting President placed by the Soviet leadership	Justas Paleckis Acting
							Position officially abolished on June 24, 1940

Posthumously recognized acting Presidents

Template:Abbr	Portrait	Name Template:Small	In office	Cause of death	Date of recognition
–	File:JZemaitis.JPG	General Jonas Žemaitis Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	In 1954, executed by shooting in Butyrka prison, Moscow, Russian SFSR.	March, 2009<ref name=":0">Template:Cite web</ref> By the Seimas
–	File:Adolfas Ramanauskas-Vanagas.jpg	Colonel Adolfas Ramanauskas Template:Small Acting	Template:Dts – Template:Dts	In 1957, executed by shooting in Vilnius, Lithuanian SSR.	November, 2018<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref> By the Seimas

Heads of the Lithuanian Diplomatic Service

Following Lithuania's occupation by the Soviet Union on 15 June 1940, in his telegram dated 31 May 1940, the last Foreign Minister Juozas Urbšys provisioned that, in the event of occupation, Stasys Lozoraitis, minister extraordinary and plenipotentiary to Rome, be appointed the head of the Lithuanian diplomatic service. The Lithuanian diplomatic service became a Government in exile that was a critical piece to ensuring the recognition of the continuity of Lithuanian legal statehood until independence after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union.<ref>Lithuanian Diplomats in Emigration in 1940–1991, compiled by D. Dapkutė, A. Petraitytė, Vilnius, 2007</ref>

Template:Abbr	Image	Name	Term	Notes
1	File:Stasys Lozoraitis.jpg	Stasys Lozoraitis	15 June 1940 – 24 December 1983	Assumed office after the Soviet invasion of Lithuania in 1940.
2	File:Lietuvos diplomatas Stasys Antanas Bačkis.jpg	Stasys Bačkis	24 December 1983 – 15 November 1987	Assumed office after the death of Stasys Lozoraitis in 1983.
–	File:Lozoraitis Jr.png	Stasys Lozoraitis Jr.	15 November 1987 – 6 September 1991	Became de facto Head of the Diplomat Service after Stasys Bačkis left Washington, D.C. in 1988.

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1941)

Template:Main The Soviet Union occupied Lithuania and established the Lithuanian SSR in July 1940.

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Template:Langx; Template:Langx.

Template:Abbr	Portrait	Name Template:Small	In office	Party		Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet	General Secretary of the CPSU
1	File:Emblem of Lithuanian SSR (early version).svg	Antanas Sniečkus Template:Small	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania	Justas Paleckis Template:Small	Joseph Stalin
22 June 1941 — Nazi occupation of Lithuania

Generalbezirk Litauen (1941–1944)

As Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa, Lithuania liberated itself with the anti-Soviet June Uprising and re-declared Lithuanian Independence. Lithuania was ruled for some time by the Provisional Government of Lithuania, whose prime minister was Juozas Ambrazevičius. The Provisional Government was formed on 23 June 1941, but was dissolved on 5 August of the same year.

Lithuania was occupied by the Germans, who formed Generalbezirk Litauen on 25 July 1941, which was governed by the administration of general commissioner Adrian von Renteln and was a part of Reichskommissariat Ostland.

General Commissioners of Generalbezirk Litauen

Template:Langx; Template:Langx.

Template:Abbr	Portrait	Name Template:Small	In office	Party		General Counselor	Reichskommissar of the Ostland
1	File:Adrian von Renteln.jpg	Adrian von Renteln Template:Small	Template:Dts –		Nazi Party	General Petras Kubiliūnas Template:Small	Hinrich Lohse
1944 — 2nd Soviet occupation of Lithuania

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1944–1990)

As Nazi Germany retreated, the Soviet Union reoccupied the country and reestablished the Lithuanian SSR in 1944. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet de jure acted as a collective head of state from 25 August 1940 to 11 March 1990. However, the Supreme Soviet de facto was controlled by the Communist Party of Lithuania led by the First Secretary.

First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania

Template:Abbr	Portrait	Name Template:Small	In office	Party		Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet	General Secretary of the CPSU
1	File:Antanas Snieckus (cropped).jpg	Antanas Sniečkus	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania	Justas Paleckis	Joseph Stalin
							Nikita Khruschev
							Leonid Brezhnev
						Motiejus Šumauskas
–	File:Emblem of Lithuanian SSR (early version).svg	Valery Khazarov Acting	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania
	File:P. Griškevičius (1971).png	Petras Griškevičius	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania
2
						Antanas Barkauskas
							Yuri Andropov
							Konstantin Chernenko
							Mikhail Gorbachev
	File:Emblem of the Lithuanian SSR.svg	Nikolay Mitkin Acting	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania
–
						Ringaudas Songaila
3	File:Emblem of the Lithuanian SSR.svg	Ringaudas Songaila	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania	Vytautas Astrauskas
	File:Algirdas Mykkolas Brazauskas, Litauens statsminster, under det Nordiskt-Baltiska statsministermotet i Reykjavik 2005-10-24.jpg	Algirdas Brazauskas	Template:Dts –		Communist Party of Lithuania
4
						Algirdas Brazauskas
7 December 1989 — "Leading role" of the Communist Party removed from the constitution
11 March 1990 — Restoration of Independence

Republic of Lithuania (1990–present)

The leader of the Supreme Council was the official head of state from the declaration of independence on 11 March 1990 until the new Constitution came into effect in 1992 establishing the office of President and the institution of Seimas. The state and its leadership were not recognized internationally until September 1991 [NB: Iceland was the first country to recognise the regained independence of Lithuania in February 1991.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Title from 1990 to 1992: Chairman of the Supreme Council (Parliament; Template:Langx). Title from 1992 onwards: President (Template:Langx). Template:Sticky header

No	Portrait	Name Template:Small	Elected	Took office	Left office	Political party	Affiliation/Notes
style="background:Template:Party color"|Template:White	File:Landsbergis, Vytautas-0085.jpg	Vytautas Landsbergis (born 1932)	–	11 March 1990	25 November 1992	Sąjūdis	As Chairman of the Supreme Council.
Speaker of the Seimas Algirdas Brazauskas served as acting President from 25 November 1992 to 25 February 1993.
style="background:Template:Party color"|Template:White	File:Algirdas Mykkolas Brazauskas, Litauens statsminster, under det Nordiskt-Baltiska statsministermotet i Reykjavik 2005-10-24.jpg	Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–2010)	1993	25 February 1993	25 February 1998	Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania	First president of the Republic of Lithuania
2	File:BDF Summit 2010.06.01 587 (4709180104) (cropped).jpg	Valdas Adamkus (born 1926)	1997–98	26 February 1998	26 February 2003	Independent
style="background:Template:Party color"|3	File:2009 m. Respublikos Prezidento rinkimai Paksas (cropped).jpg	Rolandas Paksas (born 1956)	2002–03	26 February 2003	6 April 2004	Order and Justice	Impeached and removed from office.
Speaker of the Seimas Artūras Paulauskas served as acting President from 6 April to 12 July 2004.
(2)	File:BDF Summit 2010.06.01 587 (4709180104) (cropped).jpg	Valdas Adamkus (born 1926)	2004	12 July 2004	12 July 2009	Independent
4	File:EU Leaders Arrive at Sofia Airport Ahead of the EU – Western Balkans Summit (42146983351) (cropped).jpg	Dalia Grybauskaitė (born 1956)	2009 2014	12 July 2009	12 July 2019	Independent	First female President of Lithuania. Became the first President to be reelected.
5	File:Gitanas Nausėda 2023.jpg	Gitanas Nausėda (born 1964)	2019 2024	12 July 2019	Incumbent	Independent

Timeline

<timeline> ImageSize = width:1150 height:auto barincrement:15 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:100 right:150 left:20 AlignBars = late

Colors =

id:Independent value:gray(0.8)           legend: Independent
id:Urach       value:rgb(0.92,0.83,0.32) legend: House_of_Urach
id:TPP         value:rgb(0.68,0.85,0.90) legend: Party_of_National_Progress
id:LCDP        value:rgb(0,0,0.545)      legend: Lithuanian_Christian_Democratic_Party
id:LPPU        value:rgb(0,0.502,0)      legend: Lithuanian_Popular_Peasants'_Union
id:Nationalist value:rgb(0.502,0,0)      legend: Lithuanian_Nationalist_Union
id:Communist   value:rgb(1,0,0)          legend: Communist_Party_of_Lithuania
id:Nazi        value:rgb(0,0,0)          legend: National_Socialist_German_Worker's_Party
id:Sajudis     value:rgb(0.23,0.57,0.23) legend: Sąjūdis
id:LDDP        value:rgb(0.90,0.33,0.50) legend: Democratic_Labour_Party_of_Lithuania
id:Justice     value:rgb(1,0.925,0)      legend: Order_and_Justice_Party
id:NewUnion    value:rgb(0.39,0.51,0.64) legend: New_Union
id:liteline    value:gray(0.8)
id:line        value:rgb(0.3,0.3,0.3)
id:bg          value:white

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1918 till:31/12/{{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+1}} TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:6 start:1918 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1918

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 pos:(20,57) textcolor:black fontsize:s
 text:"Political Affiliation:"

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bar:MindaugasII
bar:Smetona
bar:Stulginskis
bar:Grinius
bar:Staugaitis
bar:Merkys
bar:Paleckis
bar:Snieckus
bar:Renteln
bar:Khazarov
bar:Griskevicius
bar:Mitkin
bar:Songaila
bar:Brazauskas
bar:Landsbergis
bar:Adamkus
bar:Pakas
bar:Paulauskas
bar:Grybauskaite
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bar:MindaugasII
 from: 11/07/1918 till: 02/11/1918 color:Urach text:"Mindaugas II"
bar:Smetona
 from: 02/11/1918 till: 19/06/1920 color:TPP
 from: 19/12/1926 till: 15/06/1940 color:Nationalist text:"Antanas Smetona"
bar:Stulginskis
 from: 19/06/1920 till: 07/06/1926 color:LCDP
 from: 19/12/1926 till: 19/12/1926 color:LCDP        text:"Aleksandras Stulginskis"
bar:Grinius
 from: 07/06/1926 till: 18/12/1926 color:LPPU        text:"Kazys Grinius"
bar:Staugaitis 
 from: 18/12/1926 till: 19/12/1926 color:LPPU        text:"Jonas Staugaitis"
bar:Merkys 
 from: 15/06/1940 till: 17/06/1940 color:Nationalist text:"Antanas Merkys"
bar:Paleckis
 from: 17/06/1940 till: 15/08/1940 color:Communist   text:"Justas Paleckis"
bar:Snieckus
 from: 21/07/1940 till: 24/06/1941 color:Communist
 from: 13/07/1944 till: 22/01/1974 color:Communist   text:"Antanas Sniečkus"
bar:Renteln
 from: 01/08/1941 till: 01/08/1944 color:Nazi        text:"Adrian von Renteln"
bar:Khazarov
 from: 22/01/1974 till: 18/02/1974 color:Communist   text:"Valery Khazarov"
bar:Griskevicius
 from: 18/02/1974 till: 14/11/1987 color:Communist   text:"Petras Griškevičius"
bar:Mitkin
 from: 14/11/1987 till: 01/12/1987 color:Communist   text:"Nikolay Mitkin"
bar:Songaila
 from: 01/12/1987 till: 19/10/1988 color:Communist   text:"Ringaudas Songaila"
bar:Brazauskas
 from: 15/01/1990 till: 11/03/1990 color:Communist
 from: 25/11/1992 till: 25/02/1998 color:LDDP        text:"Algirdas Brazauskas"
bar:Landsbergis
 from: 11/03/1990 till: 25/11/1992 color:Sajudis     text:"Vytautas Landsbergis"
bar:Adamkus
 from: 26/02/1998 till: 26/02/2003 color:Independent
 from: 12/07/2004 till: 12/07/2009 color:Independent text:"Valdas Adamkus"
bar:Pakas
 from: 26/02/2003 till: 06/04/2004 color:Justice     text:"Rolandas Paksas"
bar:Paulauskas
 from: 06/04/2004 till: 12/07/2004 color:NewUnion    text:"Artūras Paulauskas"
bar:Grybauskaite
 from: 12/07/2009 till: 12/07/2019 color:Independent text:"Dalia Grybauskaitė"
bar:Nauseda
 from: 12/07/2019 till: $today     color:Independent text:"Gitanas Nausėda"

</timeline>

See also

• List of Lithuanian monarchs
• List of Lithuanian consorts
• List of early Lithuanian dukes

References

• History, Office of the President of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 26 August 2006.
• Template:In lang Vytautas Spečiūnas (ed.), Lietuvos valdovai (XIII-XVIII a.) (Rulers of Lithuania (13–18th centuries)), Mokslo ir enicklopedijų leidybos institutas, Vilnius 2004. Template:ISBN

External links

• Another list of Lithuanian rulers