List of mayors of Hamburg
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates {{#invoke:Hatnote|hatnote}}{{#ifeq:||}} Template:Infobox official post Template:Politics of Hamburg The following is a chronological list of mayors of Hamburg, a city-state in Germany. The mayors are the head of the city-state, part of the government of Hamburg. Since 1861, according to the constitution of 28 September 1860, the state has been governed by the ten-member Senate, which had previously been called the council (in the German language of that time: Rath). It is headed by the first mayor of Hamburg (German title: Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg) as the president of the Senate. The deputy is the second mayor.
For much of its history, Hamburg was a free imperial city and later a sovereign state; the position of First Mayor historically was equivalent to that of a sovereign head of state. In the 1871–1918 German Empire, the Hamburg First Mayor was equivalent to the federal princes of the 23 German monarchies (4 of whom held the title of King and the others holding titles such as Grand Duke, Duke or Sovereign Prince). Since 1918, the position is equivalent to that of the minister-presidents of the (West) German states.
Prior to World War I, the two mayors were elected for one-year terms. Until 1997, the first mayor was primus inter pares among, and was elected by, the members of the Senate. Since then, the Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft) has elected the first mayor; the first mayor is able to appoint and dismiss other senators.
1293–1860
The function of burgomaster (mayor) was usually held simultaneously by three persons, serving as an executive college. One of the three being burgomaster in chief for a year, the second being the prior burgomaster in chief, the third being the upcoming one. Therefore, sometimes up to three names are mentioned for one year, since the names of the three appear in deeds, signed with or mentioning their names. The names in the list from 1239 until 1820 were archived in a book by Johann August Meister (1820). This is an incomplete list of burgomasters and uses the spelling in Meister's book, which is preserved in the Hamburg state library. After 1820 the list were added by hand.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> On 6 August 1806 Hamburg gained sovereignty as an independent country. From 1811 to 1814 Hamburg was part of France in the Bouches-de-l'Elbe.<ref name=liste/>
If another reference is not noted, all mayors are taken from: Domizlaff. Das Hamburger Rathaus.
| Name | Image | In office | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hartwicus de Erteneborch | 1293 | |||
| Werner de Metzendorp | 1293 | |||
| Johann Miles | 1300 | |||
| Henricus Longus | 1300 | |||
| Johann, filius Oseri | 1300 | |||
| Johann de Monte | 1325 | |||
| Henricus de Hetfield | 1325 | |||
| Nicolaus Fransoisser | 1341 | |||
| Nicolaus de Monte | 1341 | |||
| Hellingbernus Hetvelt | 1341 | |||
| Johann Horborch | 1343 | |||
| Thidericus uppen Perde | 1343 | |||
| Johann Militis | 1347 | |||
| Hinrich Hoop | 1350 | |||
| Thidericus uppen Perde | 1350 | |||
| Henricus de Monte | 1356 | |||
| Henricus Hoyeri | 1361 | Also known as Hein Hoyer | ||
| Bertrammus Horborch | 1366 | |||
| Werner de Wighersen | 1367 | |||
| Ludolfus de Holdenstedte | 1375 | |||
| Christian Militis | 1378 | Also known as Kersten Miles | ||
| Henricus (Heino) Ybing | 1381 | |||
| Johannes Hoyeri | 1389 | |||
| Marquard Schreye | 1319 | |||
| Meinard Buxtehude | 1397 | |||
| Hilmar Lopow | 1401 | |||
| Johann Lüneborg | 1411 | |||
| Henricus de Monte | 1413 | |||
| Henricus Hoyeri | 1417 | |||
| Johannes Wighe (Wye) | 1420 | |||
| Bernhard Borstelt | 1422 | |||
| Vicco de Hove | 1431 | |||
| Simon van Utrecht | 1433 | |||
| Hinrich Köting | 1493 | |||
| Thidericus Lüneborg | 1443 | |||
| Detlev Bremer | 1447 | |||
| Henricus Lopow | 1451 | |||
| Thidericus Gerlefstorp | 1492 | |||
| Henricus Lesemann | 1458 | |||
| Erich de Tzevena | 1464 | |||
| Albert Schilling | 1464 | |||
| Hinrich Murmester | 1466 | |||
| Johann Meiger | 1472 | |||
| Johann Huge | 1478 | |||
| Nicolaus de Schworen | 1480 | |||
| Hermann Langenbeck | Hermann Langenbeck | 1481 | ||
| Henning Büring | 1486 | |||
| Christian Berchampe | 1492 | |||
| Erich von Tzeven | 1499 | |||
| Detlev Bremer | 1499 | |||
| Bartholomäus vom Rhyne | 1505 | |||
| Marquard vam Lo | 1507–1519 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | |
| Johann Spreckelsen | 1512 | |||
| Nicolaus Thode | 1517 | |||
| Thidericus Hohusen | 1517 | |||
| unoccupied | 1519–1520 | Second Mayor was Dietrich [Thidericus?] Hohusen (1517–1546)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Erhard vom Holte | 1520–1529 | Also Gerhard vom Holte<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Hinrich Salsborg | 1523 | |||
| Johann Hülpe | 1524 | |||
| Johann Wetken | 1529–1533 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Paul Grote | 1531 | |||
| Albert Westede | 1533–1538 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Johann Rodenborg | 1536 | |||
| Peter von Spreckelsen | 1538–1553 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Jürgen Plate | 1546 | |||
| Matthias Rheder | 1547 | |||
| Ditmar Koel | 1548 | |||
| Albert Hackmann | 1553–1580 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| unoccupied | 1580–1581 | Second Mayor was Paul Grote (1580–1584)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Lorenz Niebur | 1557 | |||
| Hermann Wetken | 1564 | |||
| Eberhard Moller | 1571 | |||
| Paul Grote | 1580 | |||
| Johann Niebur | 1557 | (1581–1590)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Nicolaus Vögeler | 1581 | |||
| Joachim vom Kape | 1588 | |||
| Diedrich von Eitzen | 1589 | |||
| unoccupied | 1590–1591 | Second Mayor: Joachim von Kape (1588–1594)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Erich von der Fechte | 1591–1613 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Joachim Bekendorp | 1593 | |||
| Diederich vom Holte | 1595 | |||
| Vincent Moller | 1599 | |||
| Eberhard Twestreng | 1606 | |||
| Hieronimus Vögeler | 1609 | |||
| unoccupied | 1613–1614 | Second Mayor: Hieronymus Vögeler (1609–1642)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Sebastian von Bergen | Sebastian von Bergen | 1614–1623 | <ref name=liste/> | |
| Johann Wetken | 1614 | |||
| Bartholomäus Beckmann | 1617 | |||
| Joachim Clan | 1622 | |||
| Albert von Eitzen | 1623 | |||
| unoccupied | 1623–1624 | |||
| Ulrich Winkel | 1624–1649 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Johannes Brand | 1633–1652 | |||
| Bartholomäus Moller | 1643 | |||
| unoccupied | 1649–1650 | Second Mayor: Bartholomäus Moller (1643–1667)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Nicolaus Jarre | 1650–1678 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Johann Schlebusch | 1653 | |||
| Peter Lütkens | 1654 | |||
| Wolfgang Meurer | 1660 | |||
| Bartholomäus Twestreng | 1663 | |||
| Johannes Schötteringk | 1667 | |||
| Johann Schulte | 1668 | |||
| Broderus Pauli | File:Broderus Pauli (Auszug).jpg | 1670–1680 | ||
| Johann Schröder | 1676 | |||
| Heinrich Meurer | 1678–1684 | (First term)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Diedrich Moller | 1680 | |||
| Johann Schlüter | Johann Schlüter | 1684–1688 | <ref name=liste/> | |
| Joachim Lemmermann | 1684 | |||
| Heinrich Meurer | 1686 | (1688–1690) Second term<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Peter Lütkens | File:Peter Lütkens (1636–1717).jpeg | 1687–1717 | ||
| Johannes Schafshausen | Johannes Schafshausen | 1690–1697 | <ref name=liste/> | |
| Hieronimus Harticus Moller | 1697 | |||
| Peter von Lengerke (or Lengerks) | 1697–1709 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Julius Surland | 1702 | |||
| Gerhard Schröder | Gerhard Schröder | 1703 | ||
| Paul Paulsen | 1704 | |||
| Lucas von Borstel | Lucas von Borstel | 1709–1716 | <ref name=liste/> | |
| Ludwig Becceler | 1712 | |||
| Bernhard Matfeldt | 1716–1720 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Garlieb Sillem | 1717 | |||
| Hinrich Diedrich Wiese | 1720–1728 | (or Heinrich Dietrich Wiese)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Hans Jacob Faber | 1722 | |||
| Johann Anderson | 1723 | |||
| Rütger Rulant | 1728–1742 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Daniel Stockfleth | 1729 | |||
| Martin Lucas Schele | 1733 | |||
| Johann H. Luis | 1739 | |||
| Cornelius Poppe | 1741 | |||
| Conrad Widow | 1742–1754 | (1743–1754)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Nicolaus Stempeel | 1743 | |||
| Clemens Samuel Lipstrop | 1749 | |||
| Lucas von Spreckelsen | 1750 | |||
| Martin H. Schele | 1751 | |||
| Lucas Corthum | 1751 | |||
| Nicolaus Schuback | 1759 | (1754–1783)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Peter Greve | 1759 | |||
| Vincent Rumpff | 1765 | |||
| Johann Schlüter | 1774 | |||
| Albert Schulte | 1778 | |||
| Frans Doormann | 1780 | |||
| Jacob Albrecht von Sienen | 1781 | |||
| Johann Anderson | 1781 | (1783–1790)<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Johann Luis | 1784 | |||
| Johann Adolph Poppe | 1786 | |||
| Martin Dorner | 1788 | |||
| Franz Anton Wagener | 1790–1801 | <ref name=liste/> | ||
| Daniel Lienau | 1798 | |||
| Peter Hinrich Widow | 1800–1802 | |||
| Friedrich von Graffen | 1801–1810 | First term<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Wilhelm Amsinck | 1802 | |||
| Johann Arnold Heise | 1807 | |||
| Amandus Augustus Abendroth | 1811–1813<ref name=liste/> | citation | CitationClass=web
}} Retrieved from Elektronische Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Template:In lang (Sütterlin script)</ref> | |
| Friedrich von Graffen | 1815–1820 | Second term<ref name=liste/> | ||
| Christian Matthias Schröder | 1816 | |||
| Johann Heinrich Bartels | 1820–1850 | |||
| Johann Daniel Koch | 1821 | |||
| Martin Garlieb Sillem | Martin Garlieb Sillem | 1829 | ||
| Amandus Augustus Abendroth | 1831 | |||
| Martin Hieronymus Schrötteringk | 1832 | |||
| Christian Daniel Benecke | Christian Daniel Benecke | 1835 | ||
| Heinrich Kellinghusen | Dr. Heinrich Kellinghusen | 1842 | ||
| Johann Ludwig Dammert | 1843 | |||
| Nicolaus Binder | Nicolaus Binder | 1855 | ||
| unoccupied | 1850–1861 | Second Mayor: Christian Daniel Benecke (1835–1851) Third Mayor: Heinrich Kellinghusen (1842–1880) Fourth Mayor: Nicolaus Binder (1855–1861) All:<ref name=liste/> |
Hamburg (1860–1919)
Since 1860 Hamburg had a constitution. Members of the Hamburg senate were elected by the Hamburg Parliament—not coopted by the existing senate. They were lifelong members of the senate. From the three eldest and juristic trained members the senate elected annually the First Mayor of Hamburg (German title: Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg) – the presiding head – and his deputy (Second Mayor of the Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg, German title: Zweiter Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg).
- Description of the method
| Year | First mayor | Second mayor | „sabbatical year" |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Senator A | Senator B | Senator C |
| 2 | Senator B | Senator C | Senator A |
| 3 | Senator C | Senator A | Senator B |
| 4 | Senator A | Senator B | Senator C |
All mayors are taken from Domizlaff: Das Hamburger Rathaus and are listed in Erste Bürgermeister Hamburgs 1507–2008, only changes in dates are marked by an added reference.
| Name | Image | In office | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Friedrich Sieveking | Friedrich Sieveking | 1861–1862 | |
| Ferdinand Haller | Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer | 1863–1864 | |
| Friedrich Sieveking | Friedrich Sieveking | 1865 | |
| Ferdinand Haller | Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer | 1866–1867 | (−1868)<ref name=liste/> |
| Friedrich Sieveking | Friedrich Sieveking | 1868 | |
| Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer | Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer | 1869 | |
| Ferdinand Haller | Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer | 1870 |
German Reich (1871–1945)
German Empire (1871–1918)
Weimar Republic (1919–1933)
During the German Revolution of 1918–1919 an Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat (workers' and soldiers' council) was formed. From 12 November 1918 to 1919, a chairman was the head of state and city government: Heinrich Lauffenberg (−1919), Carl Hense (1919).<ref name=liste/> This is not mentioned in Domizlaff: Das Hamburger Rathaus. The period in Germany after the First World War until the takeover of power – by the Nazi Party in 1933 – is called Weimar Republic. The Hamburg Parliament was democratically elected.
- First Mayor of Hamburg
- Second Mayor of Hamburg
| Party | Took office | Left office | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Otto Stolten | SPD | 31 March 1919 | 1925 |
| Max Schramm | SPD | 1925 | 4 April 1928 |
| Rudolf Ross | SPD | 5 April 1928 | 31 December 1929 |
| Carl Wilhelm Petersen | DDP | 1 January 1930 | 31 December 1931 |
| Rudolf Ross | SPD | 1 January 1932 | 30 January 1933 |
Nazi Germany (1933–1945)
In Nazi Germany the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches) of 30 January 1934 abandoned the concept of a federal republic. The political institutions of the Länder were abolished altogether, passing all powers to the central government. The Hamburg Parliament was dissolved. The First Mayor was appointed by the Reich Interior Minister, though Hitler himself reserved the right to appoint him (as was also the case with Berlin and Vienna). The actual head of the Hamburg executive was the Reichsstatthalter (Regional Governor) Karl Kaufmann (1933–1945).<ref>Verg, pp. 161–163</ref>
| Name | Took office | Left office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carl Wilhelm Petersen | 30 January 1933 | 7 March 1933 | German People’s Party |
| Carl Vincent Krogmann<ref name=liste/> | 8 March 1933 | 3 May 1945 | NSDAP |
- Second Mayor
| Name | Took office | Left office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rudolf Ross | 30 January 1933 | 3 March 1933 | Social Democratic Party |
| Wilhelm Burchard-Motz | 8 March 1933 | 18 May 1933 | German People's Party |
Colonel Robert Gordon Kitchen VI, Governor of Hamburg during the control of the British Army 1945–1946.
Hamburg (1945–present)
Template:See also Mayors during the federal parliamentary republic of Germany.
Political party key: Template:Legend2 Template:Legend2
| Name | Took office | Left office | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adolph Schönfelder (1875–1966) |
6 June 1945 | 15 November 1946 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Christian Koch (1878–1955) |
19 November 1946 | 18 February 1950 | Free Democratic Party | |
| Paul Nevermann (1902–1979) |
24 February 1950 | 2 December 1953 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Edgar Engelhard (1917–1979) |
2 December 1953 | 27 April 1966 | Free Democratic Party | |
| Wilhelm Drexelius (1906–1974) |
27 April 1966 | 2 April 1970 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Peter Schulz (1930–2013) |
22 April 1970 | 9 June 1971 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Helmuth Kern (1926–2016) |
9 June 1971 | 3 October 1972 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Hans Rau (1925–1995) |
3 October 1972 | 30 April 1974 | Free Democratic Party | |
| Dieter Biallas (1936–2016) |
30 April 1974 | 28 June 1978 | Free Democratic Party | |
| Helga Elstner (1924–2012) |
28 June 1978 | 13 June 1984 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Alfons Pawelczyk (born 1933) |
13 June 1984 | 2 September 1987 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Ingo von Münch (born 1932) |
2 September 1987 | 26 June 1991 | Free Democratic Party | |
| Hans-Jürgen Krupp (1933–2024) |
26 June 1991 | 1 December 1993 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Erhard Rittershaus (1931–2006) |
15 December 1993 | 12 November 1997 | Statt party | |
| Krista Sager<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
12 November 1997 | 31 October 2001 | Alliance '90/The Greens |
| Ronald Schill<ref name="runde"/> (born 1958) |
31 October 2001 | 19 August 2003 | Party for a Rule of Law Offensive | |
| Mario Mettbach<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
21 August 2003 | 17 March 2004 | Party for a Rule of Law Offensive |
| Birgit Schnieber-Jastram<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> (born 1946) |
17 March 2004 | 7 May 2008 | Christian Democratic Union | |
| Christa Goetsch<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> (born 1952) |
7 May 2008 | 29 November 2010 | Alliance '90/The Greens | |
| Dietrich Wersich (born 1964) |
30 November 2010 | 7 March 2011 | Christian Democratic Union | |
| Dorothee Stapelfeldt (born 1956) |
7 March 2011 | 15 April 2015 | Social Democratic Party | |
| Katharina Fegebank (born 1977) |
15 April 2015 | Incumbent | Alliance '90/The Greens |
Notes and references
- General
- (1293–1977) Template:Cite book (Note: not included in the 2nd edition.)
Template:Hamburg Template:HamburgMayors Template:PMs of the German states