List of non-international armed conflicts

Template:Short description Template:History of war The following is a list of non-international armed conflicts, fought between territorial and/or intervening state forces and non-state armed groups or between non-state armed groups within the same state or country.<ref name="GHWFA">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The terms "intrastate conflict", "internecine conflict", "internal conflict" and "civil war" are often used interchangeably with "non-international armed conflict", but "internecine war" can be used in a wider meaning, referring to any conflict within a single state, regardless of the participation of civil state or non-state forces. Thus, any war of succession is by definition an internecine war, but not necessarily a non-international armed conflict.

Terminology

The Latin term bellum civile, meaning in English, civil war, was used to describe wars within a single community beginning around 60 A.D. The term is an alternative title for the work sometimes called Pharsalia by Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus) about the Roman civil wars that began in the last third of the second century BC.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The term civilis here had the very specific meaning of 'Roman citizen'. Since the 17th century, the term has also been applied retroactively to other historical conflicts where at least one side claims to represent the country's civil society (rather than a feudal dynasty or an imperial power).<ref>OED: "war between the citizens or inhabitants of a single country, state, or community". Early use of the term in reference to neither the Roman Republic nor the English Civil War include the War in the Vendée (1802) and the civil war in Portugal ( 1835, 1836).</ref>

Since 1949, the term "non-international armed conflict" has been widely used to refer to armed conflict between territorial and/or intervening state forces and non-state armed groups or between non-state armed groups within the same state or country, instead of civil war.<ref name="GHWFA"/> The head of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)'s Arms Unit, Kathleen Lawand, stated "The ICRC generally avoids using the term 'civil war' when communicating with the parties to an armed conflict or publicly, and speaks instead of 'non-international' or 'internal' armed conflicts, as these expressions mirror the terms used in common Article 3 [of the 1949 Geneva Conventions]."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Ongoing non-international armed conflicts

Template:See also The following non-international armed conflicts are ongoing as of April 2023. Only ongoing conflicts which meet the definition of a non-international armed conflict are listed. See List of ongoing armed conflicts and lists of active separatist movements for lists with a wider scope.

• Template:Flagcountry, Jamaican political conflict, since 1943
• Template:Flagcountry, Myanmar conflict, since 1948 (including the Myanmar civil war (2021–present) since 2021)

Map of Myanmar Civil War

Map of Myanmar Civil War (2021-present)

• Template:Flagcountry, Insurgency in Northeast India, since 1954
  • Naxalite–Maoist insurgency, since 1967
  • Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir, since 1989
• Template:Flagcountry, Papua conflict, since 1962
• Template:Flagcountry, Katanga insurgency, since 1963
  • Allied Democratic Forces insurgency, since 1996
  • Ituri conflict, since 1999
  • Kivu conflict, since 2004
• Template:Flagcountry, Colombian conflict, since 1964
• Template:Flag, New People's Army rebellion, since 1969
• Template:Flag, Western Sahara conflict, since 1970
• Template:Flag, Maoist insurgency in Turkey, since 1972
• Template:Flag, Cabinda War, since 1975
• Template:Flagcountry, Insurgency in Laos, since 1975
• Template:Flagcountry, Somali Civil War, since 1991

File:Somali Civil War (Google Live Map).svg

Approximate map of the current phase of the Somali Civil War (Updated June 2025)

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Template:Flagicon image Jihadist insurgent groups: Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend

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• Template:Flagcountry, Afghan conflict, since 1978
  • Islamic State–Taliban conflict, since 2015
  • Republican insurgency in Afghanistan, since 2021
• Template:Flag, Internal conflict in Peru, since 1980
• Template:Flag, Casamance conflict, 1982–2014 (main conflict), since 2015 (low-level conflict)
• Template:Flagcountry, Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria, since 1998
  • Boko Haram insurgency, since 2009
  • Nigerian bandit conflict, since 2011
• Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present), since 2002
• Template:Flagcountry, Iraqi conflict, since 2003
  • Iraqi insurgency (2017–present), since 2017
• Template:Flagcountry, South Thailand insurgency, since 2004
• Template:Flagcountry, Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, since 2004

Map of North-West Pakistan insurgency

War in North West Pakistan (2004-present)Template:Legend Template:Legend

• Template:Flagcountry, Insurgency in Paraguay, since 2005

• Template:Flagcountry, Mexican drug war, since 2006
• Template:Flagcountry, Sudanese nomadic conflicts, since 2008; Sudanese civil war (2023–present), since 2023

Map of Sudanese Civil War

Map of Sudanese Civil War (2023-present)Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend

• Template:Noflag, War in the Sahel, since 2011
  • Template:Flagcountry, Mali War, since 2012

Map of Mali Civil War

Map of Mali Civil War (2012-present)

• • Template:Flagcountry, Islamist insurgency in Burkina Faso, since 2015

Map of Burkina Faso Civil War

Map of Burkina Faso Civil War (2015-present)

• • Template:Flagcountry, Islamist insurgency in Niger, since 2016

Map of Niger Civil War

Map of Niger Civil War (2016-present)

• Template:Flagcountry, Central African Republic Civil War, since 2012

Map of the Central African Civil War

Map of the Central African Civil War (2012-present)

• Template:Flagcountry, Yemeni civil war (2014–present), since 2014

Map of Yemeni Civil War

Map of Yemeni Civil War (2014-present) Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

• Template:Flagcountry, Anglophone Crisis, since 2017
• Template:Flagcountry, Insurgency in Cabo Delgado, since 2017
• Template:Flagcountry, Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus, since 2017
• Template:Flagcountry, Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present), since 2018

Map of Ethiopian Civil War

Map of Ethiopian Civil War (2020-present)
Pro-federal government troopsTemplate:Leftlegend Anti-federal government rebels Template:Leftlegend Template:Leftlegend

• • OLA insurgency, since 2018
  • War in Amhara, since 2023
• Template:Flag, Haitian conflict, since 2020
• Template:Flag, Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict, since 2022
• Template:Flag, Ecuadorian conflict (2024–present), since 2024

Past non-international armed conflicts

Ancient and early medieval (before 1000)

Template:Further This is a list of intrastate armed conflicts. Note that some conflicts lack both an article or citation. Without citation, they have not been guaranteed to have happened.

• The First Intermediate Period of Egypt, Second Intermediate Period of Egypt and Third Intermediate Period of Egypt were periods of political disunity in Ancient Egypt's history, characterized by frequent warfare between dynasties competing for dominance
• The Persian Revolt was a campaign led by Cyrus the Great against Median rule of Persia (552–550 BC)
• Civil war between Artaxerxes II and Cyrus III (c. 401 BC)
• Roman civil wars (a list of numerous civil wars in the late Roman Republic and in the Roman Empire, between 100 BC and AD 400)
• Hasmonean civil war (67–63 BC)
• Sasanian civil war of 589–591
• Sasanian civil war of 628–632
• First Fitna, 656–661, the first Islamic "civil war" between Ali and the Umayyads
• Second Fitna, c. 680/683 – c. 685/692, the second Islamic "civil war" between the Umayyads and Ibn al-Zubayr
• Twenty Years' Anarchy, 695–717, prolonged period of internal instability in the Byzantine Empire
• Civil War between Artabasdos and Constantine V, 741–743
• Third Fitna, 744–752, including the Umayyad civil wars of 744–748 and the Abbasid Revolution
• An Lushan Rebellion, December 16, 755 – February 17, 763{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B=

Template:Fix }}

• Fourth Fitna, 809–827, including the Abbasid civil wars and other regional conflicts
• Anarchy of the 12 Warlords, 944–968

Medieval (1000–1600)

• Fitna of al-Andalus, 1009–1031
• Civil war era in Norway, 1130–1240
• Danish Civil Wars, 1131–1157<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• The Anarchy, 1135–1153
• Civil war in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem between King Baldwin III and dowager Queen Melisende (1152–1153)
• Pandyan Civil War, 1169–1177
• Revolt of 1173–1174
• First Barons' War, 1215–1217
• Age of the Sturlungs, 1220 – 1262/64
• Second Barons' War, 1264–1267
• Hungarian Civil War, 1264–1265
• Civil War of Livonia between Livonian Order and the city of Riga and the Archbishopric of Riga, 1297–1330.
• Despenser War, 1321–1322
• Invasion of England, 1326. Continuation of the Despenser War.
• Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328
• Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
• Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357
• Castilian Civil War, 1366–1369
• Byzantine civil war of 1373–1379
• Jingnan campaign, 1399-1402
• Welsh Revolt, 1400–1415
• Ottoman Interregnum, 1402–1413
• Regreg War, 1404 - 1406
• Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War, 1407–1435
• Kashmir Civil War, 1419–1420
• Hussite Wars, 1419–1434
• Great Feudal War in Russia, 1425–1453
• Wars of the Roses, 1455–1485
• Catalan Civil War (1462–1472)
• Ōnin War, 1467–1477
• Sengoku period, 1467–1615{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B=

Template:Fix }}

• War of the Castilian Succession, 1475–1479
• Popular revolts in late-medieval Europe
• German Peasants' War, 1524–1525
• Civil War in Kazakh Khanate, 1522–1538
• Inca Civil War, 1529–1532
• Civil War Era in Vietnam, 1533–1789<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Lê–Mạc Dynasties War, 1533–1677
• Count's Feud, 1534–1536
• French Wars of Religion, 1562–1598
• Marian civil war, 1568–1573
• War against Sigismund, 1598–1599

Early modern (1600–1800)

• • Trịnh–Nguyễn Lords War, 1627–1772; 1774–1775
  • Tây Sơn wars, 1771–1802
• Zebrzydowski rebellion, 1606–1609
• Shimabara Rebellion, 1637–1638
• Wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1639–1651 involved a number of civil wars:
  • Irish Confederate Wars, some parts of which were a civil war.<ref> F. Warner, 1768</ref>
  • Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, to some extent a civil war, 1644–1652
  • English Civil War, 1642–1651
    • First English Civil War, 1642–1646
    • Second English Civil War, 1648–1649
    • Third English Civil War, 1650–1651
• Acadian Civil War, 1640–1645
• The Fronde, 1648–1653
• The Ruin, 1659–1686
• Brunei Civil War, 1660s—1673
• Lubomirski's rebellion, 1665–1666
• Monmouth Rebellion, May–July 1685
• Glorious Revolution, 1688–1689
• War of the Spanish Succession, 1701–1714
• Javanese Wars of Succession, 1703 - 1755
• Choctaw Civil War, 1747–1750
• Pugachev's Rebellion, 1773–1775<ref>Template:Cite book

</ref>

• American Revolutionary War 1775–83 - The American Revolution started as a civil war within the British Empire.Template:Refn It became a larger international war in 1778 once France joined.Template:Refn
• Yoruba Wars, 1789 - 1839
• Chouannerie, 1792–1800; between Royalist and Republican forces, part of the French Revolutionary Wars
• War in the Vendée, 1793–1804; between Royalist and Republican forces, part of the French Revolutionary Wars

Modern (1800–1945)

• Padri War, 1803–1837
• Musket Wars, 1806–1845
• Gutiérrez–Magee Expedition, 1812–1813
• Argentine Civil Wars, 1814–1880
• Ndwandwe–Zulu War, 1817–1819
• Long Expedition, 1819, 1821
• Greek Civil Wars, 1823–1825
• Ochomogo War, 1823
• Fredonian Rebellion, 1826–1827
• Liberal Wars, in Portugal, 1828–1834
• Chilean Civil War, 1829–1830
• Revolutions of 1830; numerous European countries, 1830
• Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833)
• Carlist Wars, 1833–1839, 1846–1849, and 1872–1876
• Texas Revolution 1835–1836
• Ragamuffin War, 1835–1845
• League War, 1835
• Chimayó Rebellion, 1837
• Córdova Rebellion, 1838
• Uruguayan Civil War, 1839–1851
• War of the Supremes, 1839–1842
• Rio Grande Rebellion, 1840
• Yucatán Rebellion, 1841–1848
• The New Zealand Wars, 1845 - 1872
• Bear Flag Revolt, 1846
• Patuleia War, Portugal, 1846–1847
• Sonderbund War, November 1847
• Revolutions of 1848; numerous European countries, 1848–1849
• Revolution of 1851
• Taiping Rebellion, 1850–1864
• Bleeding Kansas, 1854–1858
• Indian Rebellion of 1857
• Utah War, 1857–1858
• Bendahara War, 1857–1863
• War of Reform, 1857–1861
• Banjarmasin War, 1859–1863
• Federal War, 1859–1863
• Larut Wars, 1861–1874
• American Civil War, 1861–1865
• Afghan Civil War, 1863–1869
• Austro-Prussian War, 1866
• Klang War; also known as Selangor Civil War, 1867–1874
• Boshin War, 1868–1869
• Satsuma Rebellion, 1877
• Jementah Civil War, 1878
• Afghan Civil War, 1880–1881
• The North-West Rebellion, 1885
• Revolution of the Park, 1890
• Chilean Civil War, 1891
• Argentine Revolution of 1893, 1893
• War of Canudos, 1896–1897
• Federal Revolution, 1898
• Boxer Rebellion, 1899-1901
• Philippine–American War, 1899–1902
• Moro Rebellion, 1899–1913
• Thousand Days' War, 1899–1902
• Liberating Revolution (Venezuela), 1901–1903
• Argentine Revolution of 1905, 1905
• Russian Revolution of 1905, 1905–1907
• Persian Constitutional Revolution, 1905–1911, Civil War considered to begin after 1908
• Mexican Revolution, 1910–1920
• Paraguayan Civil War, 1911–1912
• War of 1912, 1912
• Warlord Era; period of civil wars between regional, provincial, and private armies in China, 1912–1928
• First Caco War, 1915
• Second Caco War, 1918–1920
• Russian Civil War, 1917–1923
• Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, 1918–2003
• Finnish Civil War, 1918
• Ukrainian–Soviet War, 1917–1921
• German Revolution, 1918–1919
• Revolts during the Turkish War of Independence, includes conflict between the Imperial Ottoman Government and the Turkish National Movement, 1919–1922
• First Honduran Civil War, 1919
• Irish Civil War, 1922–1923
• Paraguayan Civil War, 1922–1923
• Second Honduran Civil War, 1924
• Nicaraguan Civil War, 1926–1927
• Cristero War, 1926–1929
• Chinese Civil War, 1927–1937, 1945–1949 (de facto)
• Afghan Civil War, 1928–1929
• Constitutionalist Revolution, 1932
• Austrian Civil War, February 1934
• Arab revolt in Palestine, 1936–1939
• Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939
• Ukrainian Insurgent Army insurgency, 1943–1956
• Italian Civil War during WWII 1943–1945
• Guerrilla war in the Baltic states, 1944–1956

Since 1945

• Greek Civil War, 1946–1949 in Template:Flagcountry File:Hammer and Sickle and Star.svg
• Paraguayan Civil War, 1947 in Template:Flagcountry
• Malagasy Uprising, 1947–1949 in Template:Flagcountry File:Hammer and Sickle and Star.svg
• Civil War in Mandatory Palestine, to 1947–1948 in Template:Flagcountry
• Costa Rican civil war, 1948 in Template:Flagcountry
• Yeosu–Suncheon rebellion, 1948 in Template:Flagcountry
• Jeju uprising, 1948 in Template:Flagcountry
• Madiun affair, 1948 in Template:Flag File:Hammer and Sickle and Star.svg
• La Violencia, 1948–1958 in Template:Flagcountry File:Hammer and Sickle and Star.svg
• Communist insurgency in Burma, 1948–1989 in Template:Flagcountry
• Internal conflict in Myanmar, ongoing since 1948 in Template:Flagcountry
• Korean War, 1950–1953 in Template:Flagcountry and Template:Flagcountry
• Cuban Revolution, 1953–1959 in Template:Flagcountry
• Laotian Civil War, 1953–1975 in Template:Flagcountry
• Algerian War, 1954–1962 in Template:Flagcountry
• First Sudanese Civil War, 1955–1972 in Template:Flagcountry
• Revolución Libertadora, 1955 in Template:Flagcountry
• Vietnam War, 1955-1975 in Indochina between Template:Flagcountry and Template:Flagcountry
• Permesta Rebellion, 1958-1961 in Template:Flagcountry
• Laotian Civil War, 1959–1975 in Template:Flagcountry

Situation in Laos, 23 July,1962

Situation in Laos, 23 July,1962

• Anti-Strossener Resistance, 1959–1976 in Template:Flagcountry
• Basque conflict, 1959–2011 inTemplate:Flagcountry & Template:Flagcountry
• Congo Crisis, 1960–1966 in Template:Flagcountry
• Guatemalan Civil War, 1960–1996 in Template:Flagcountry

• Portuguese Colonial War, 1961–1974 in Template:Flagcountry/Portuguese colonies
• Nicaraguan Revolution, 1961–1990 in Template:Flagcountry
• North Yemen Civil War, 1962–1970 in Template:Flagcountry
• Communist insurgency in Sarawak, 1962–1990 in Template:Flagcountry
• Dominican Civil War, 1965 in Template:Flagcountry
• Rhodesian Bush War, 1965–1980 in Template:Flagcountry
• First Chadian Civil War, 1965-1979 in Template:Flagcountry
• Communist insurgency in Thailand, 1965–1983 in Template:Flagcountry
• Ñancahúazu Guerrilla, 1966–1967 in Template:Flagcountry
• Cambodian Civil War, 1967–1975 in Template:Flagcountry
• Nigerian Civil War, 1967–1970 in Template:Flagcountry
• Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989), 1968–1989 in Template:Flagcountry
• Moro conflict, 1968-2019 in Template:Flagcountry
• Political violence in Turkey, 1968–1980 in Template:Flagcountry
• Years of Lead, 1968–1988 in Template:Flagcountry
• The Troubles, 1968–1998 in Template:Flagcountry
• Dirty War, 1969-1979 in Template:Flagcountry
• Black September, 1970 to 1971 in Template:Flagcountry
• Bangladesh Liberation War, 1971 in Template:Flagcountry
• Uruguayan intrastate war 1972–1973, in Template:Flagcountry
• 1972-1975 Bangladesh insurgency, 1972-1975 in Template:Flagcountry
• Armed resistance in Chile (1973–1990), 1973-1990 in Template:Flagcountry
• Ethiopian Civil War, 1974–1991 in Template:Flagcountry
• East Timorese civil war, 1975 in Template:Flagcountry
• Lebanese Civil War, 1975–1990 in Template:Flagcountry
• Mozambican Civil War, 1975–1992 in Template:Flagcountry
• Angolan Civil War, 1975–2002 in Template:Flagcountry
• Insurgency in Aceh, 1976–2005 in Template:Flagcountry
• Saur Revolution, April 27–28, 1978, which marked the beginning of the Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)
• Salvadoran Civil War, 1979–1992 in Template:Flagcountry
• Discontent fomented amongst the people of Afghanistan after the 1978 Saur Revolution, and the first anti-government revolts began in October 1978 until December 24, 1979, part of / also called Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)
• Ugandan Bush War, 1980-1986 in Template:Flagcountry
• Second Sudanese Civil War, 1983–2005 in Template:Flagcountry
• Sri Lankan Civil War, 1983–2009 in Template:Flagcountry
• South Yemen Civil War, 1986 in Template:Flagcountry
• 1987-1989 JVP insurrection in Template:Flagcountry
• Afghan Civil War (1989–1992), February 15, 1989 – April 30, 1992. The continuing part of the civil war that started in the 1978 Saur Revolution after the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan, leaving the Afghan communist government to fend for itself against the Mujahideen months later part of / also called Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)
• First Liberian Civil War, 1989–1996 in Template:Flagcountry
• Rwandan Civil War, 1990–1994 in Template:Flagcountry
• Georgian Civil War, 1991–1993 in Template:Flagcountry
• Iraqi uprisings, 1991 in Template:Flagcountry
• Sierra Leone Civil War, 1991–2002 in Template:Flagcountry
• Djiboutian Civil War, 1991-1994 in Template:Flagcountry
• Algerian Civil War, 1991–2002 in Template:Flagcountry
• Tajikistani Civil War, 1992–1997 in Template:Flagcountry
• Afghan Civil War (1992–1996), April 30, 1992 – September 27, 1996. When the Afghan communist government falls to the Mujahideen there was a rise in different kinds of ideology, power-sharing, Belligerents and violent fighting continue to escalate part of / also called Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)
• Burundian Civil War, 1993–2005 in Template:Flagcountry
• First Republic of the Congo Civil War, 1993–1994 in Template:Flagcountry
• First Yemeni Civil War, 1994 in Template:Flagcountry
• Iraqi Kurdish Civil War, 1994–1997 in Template:Flagcountry
• First Chechen War, 1994–1996 in Template:Flagcountry
• Chiapas conflict, 1994 to 2020 in Template:Flagcountry
• Nepalese Civil War, 1996–2006 in Template:Flagcountry
• Afghan Civil War (1996–2001), September 27, 1996 – October 7, 2001. In 1996 the Taliban captured the Afghan capital Kabul and established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan part of / also called Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)
• First Congo War, 1996–1997 in Template:Flagcountry
• Clashes in Cambodia, 1997 in Template:Flagcountry
• Albanian civil unrest, 1997 in Template:Flagcountry
• Second Republic of the Congo Civil War, 1997–1999 in Template:Flagcountry
• Guinea-Bissau Civil War, 1998–1999 in Template:Flagcountry
• Second Congo War, 1998–2003 in Template:Flagcountry
• Kosovo war, 1998–1999 in Template:Flagcountry
• Second Liberian Civil War, 1999–2003 in Template:Flagcountry
• Insurgency in Macedonia, 2001 in Template:Flagcountry
• War in Afghanistan, June 19, 2002 – August 20, 2021. War between the U.S.-led NATO and Afghanistan ended when Hamid Karzai was elected by an Afghan loya jirga to the presidency of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan on June 19, 2002. Since June 19, 2002, the conflict became non-international after U.S.-led NATO and Afghan forces fought the Taliban insurgency part of / also called Afghanistan conflict (1978–present) in Template:Flagcountry<ref>Afghanistan report by Human Rights Watch, March 2004</ref><ref name="GHWFA"/>
• First Ivorian Civil War, 2002–2007 in Template:Flagcountry
• War in Darfur, 2003–2020 in Template:Flagcountry
• Iraq War, June 28, 2004–December 15, 2011 in Template:Flagcountry. War between the U.S.-led Coalition and Iraq ended on June 28, 2004 when the Coalition Provisional Authority handed over Iraqi sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government. Since June 28, 2004, the conflict turned non-international with U.S.-led Multi-National Force in Iraq and Iraqi forces fighting against the Iraqi insurgency.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• First Central African Republic Civil War, 2004-2007 in Template:Flagcountry
• Second Chadian Civil War, 2005-2010 in Template:Flagcountry
• Fatah–Hamas conflict, 2006-present (main phase until 2007) in Template:Flagcountry
• First Iraqi Civil War, 2006–2008 in Template:Flagcountry
• First Libyan Civil War, 2011 in Template:Flagcountry
• Syrian civil war, 2011-2024 in Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon Syria
• Second Ivorian Civil War, 2011 in Template:Flagcountry
• South Sudanese Civil War, 2013-2020 in Template:Flagcountry

Map of Southern Sudan Civil War

Map of Southern Sudan Civil War (2013-2020) Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

• 2013 Lahad Datu standoff, 2013 Template:Flagdeco Malaysia
• Second Iraqi Civil War, 2013-2017, also known as War in Template:Flagcountry
• War in Donbas, 2014-2022 in Template:Flagcountry
• Second Libyan Civil War, 2014–2020 in Template:Flagcountry

Map of Libyan Civil War

Map of Libyan Civil War (2014-2020) Template:LegendTemplate:LegendTemplate:Legend

• Tigray War, 2020–2022 in Template:Flagcountry

See also

• List of English civil wars
• List of coups and coup attempts
• List of hostage crises
• List of ongoing armed conflicts
• List of revolutions and rebellions
• List of Roman civil wars and revolts
• List of terrorist incidents
• List of wars by death toll
• List of wars of independence
• Exclusive mandate
• Frozen conflict

Further reading

• Arnold, Guy. Historical dictionary of civil wars in Africa (1999) online
• Collier, Paul, and Nicholas Sambanis, eds. Understanding Civil War: Europe, Central Asia, and other regions (World Bank Publications, 2005) online.
• Davis, Morris, ed. Civil wars and the politics of international relief: Africa, South Asia, and the Caribbean (1975) online
• Dixon, Jeffrey S., and Meredith Reid Sarkees. A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816–2014 (CQ Press, 2015). online
• Fearon, James. "Why Do Some Civil Wars Last So Much Longer than Others?" Journal of Peace Research (2004) 41, 3:275–302.
• Kalyvas, Stathis N. The Logic of Violence in Civil War (Cambridge University Press, 2006).
• Kohn, George Childs. Dictionary of Wars (3rd ed. Facts on File, 2007) online
• Krause, Volker, and Susumu Suzuki. "Causes of Civil War in Asia and Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Comparison." Social Science Quarterly 86.1 (2005): 160–177. online
• Mason, T. David, and Patrick J. Fett. "How civil wars end: A rational choice approach." Journal of conflict resolution 40.4 (1996): 546–568.
• Miller, John. A brief history of the English Civil Wars (2009) online
• Montalvo, J. G., & Reynal-Querol, M. "Ethnic polarization, potential conflict, and civil wars" American Economic Review (2005) 95(3), 796–816.
• Phillips, Charles, and Alan Axelrod, eds. Encyclopedia of Wars (3 vol, Facts on File, 2004), includes many civil wars.
• Sambanis, Nicholas. "Do Ethnic and Nonethnic Civil Wars Have the Same Causes? A Theoretical and Empirical Inquiry" Journal of Conflict Resolution (2001). 45(3), 259–282.
• Sambanis, Nicholas. "What is Civil War? Conceptual and Empirical Complexities of an Operational Definition" Journal of Conflict Resolution (2004). 48(6), 814–858.
• Stapleton, Timothy J., ed. Modern African Conflicts: An Encyclopedia of Civil Wars, Revolutions, and Terrorism (ABC-CLIO, 2022).
• Sundar, Aparna, and Nandini Sundar, eds. Civil wars in South Asia: State, sovereignty, development (SAGE Publications India, 2014) online.