List of presidents of Germany

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates A number of presidential offices have existed in Germany since the collapse of the German Empire in 1918.

The Weimar Constitution of August 1919 created the office of President of the Reich (Template:Langx). Upon the death of Paul von Hindenburg in August 1934, the office was left vacant, with Adolf Hitler becoming head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler, in accordance with the Law Concerning the Head of State of the German Reich (retroactively approved by a referendum). In April–May 1945, Karl Dönitz briefly became President upon the suicide of Hitler (in accordance with Hitler's last will and testament).

The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany of May 1949 created the office of Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany (Template:Langx). Since German reunification in 1990, the President has been the head of state for all of Germany.

The East German constitution of October 1949 created the office of President of the German Democratic Republic (Template:Langx). Upon the death of Wilhelm Pieck in 1960, the office of president was replaced by a collective head of state, the Staatsrat ("State Council"). After the Staatsrat was abolished on 5 April 1990, the president of the Volkskammer ("People's Chamber") served as head of state until East Germany joined the Federal Republic on 3 October 1990

Weimar Republic (1919–1933)

† denotes people who died in office. Template:Officeholder table start Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table end

Nazi Germany (1933–1945)

† denotes people who died in office. Template:Officeholder table start Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table end

German Democratic Republic (East Germany) (1949–1990)

† denotes people who died in office. Template:Officeholder table start |-align="center" ! colspan=7| President of the Republic
Template:Small Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table |-align="center" ! colspan=7| Chairman of the State Council
Template:Small Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table |-align="center" ! colspan=7| President of the People's Chamber
Template:Small Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table end

Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present)

† denotes people who died in office. Template:Officeholder table start Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table Template:Officeholder table end

Timeline

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Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1919 till:$today TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

Colors = 

 id:ind    value:rgb(0.8627,0.8627,0.8627) legend: Independent
 id:spd    value:rgb(0.89,0.02,0.07)       legend: SPD
 id:nsdap  value:rgb(0.59,0.29,0)          legend: NSDAP
 id:ldpd   value:rgb(1,0.65,0)             legend: LDPD
 id:sed    value:rgb(0.86,0.2,0.1)         legend: SED
 id:cdugdr value:rgb(0.14,0.48,0.86)       legend: CDU_(GDR)
 id:cdu    value:rgb(0,0,0)                legend: CDU
 id:fdp    value:rgb(1,0.93,0)             legend: FDP
 id:csu    value:rgb(0,0.55,0.78)          legend: CSU
 id:line   value:gray(0.8)

ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1920 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1919


TextData = 

 pos:(20,38) textcolor:black fontsize:M
 text:"Political party:"

BarData = 

bar:Ebert
bar:Luther
bar:Simons
bar:Hindenburg
bar:Hitler
bar:Doenitz
bar:Dieckmann
bar:Pieck
bar:Ulbricht
bar:EbertJr
bar:Stoph
bar:Honecker
bar:Krenz
bar:Gerlach
bar:Bergmann-Pohl
bar:Arnold
bar:Heuss
bar:Luebke
bar:Heinemann
bar:Scheel
bar:Carstens
bar:Weizsaecker
bar:Herzog
bar:Rau
bar:Koehler
bar:Boehrnsen
bar:Wulff
bar:Seehofer
bar:Gauck
bar:Steinmeier

PlotData = 

 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

bar:Ebert
 from: 11/02/1919 till: 28/02/1925 color:spd    text:"Friedrich Ebert"  
bar:Luther
 from: 28/02/1925 till: 12/03/1925 color:ind    text:"Hans Luther (acting)"  
bar:Simons
 from: 12/03/1925 till: 12/05/1925 color:ind    text:"Walter Simons (acting)"  
bar:Hindenburg
 from: 12/05/1925 till: 02/08/1934 color:ind    text:"Paul von Hindenburg" 
bar:Hitler
 from: 02/08/1934 till: 30/04/1945 color:nsdap  text:"Adolf Hitler" 
bar:Doenitz
 from: 30/04/1945 till: 23/05/1945 color:nsdap  text:"Karl Dönitz" 
bar:Arnold
 from: 07/09/1949 till: 12/09/1949 color:cdu    text:"Karl Arnold (acting)" 
bar:Heuss
 from: 12/09/1949 till: 12/09/1959 color:fdp    text:"Theodor Heuss" 
bar:Dieckmann
 from: 07/10/1949 till: 11/10/1949 color:ldpd 
 from: 07/09/1960 till: 12/09/1960 color:ldpd   text:"Johannes Dieckmann (acting)" 
bar:Pieck
 from: 11/10/1949 till: 07/09/1960 color:sed    text:"Wilhelm Pieck" 
bar:Luebke
 from: 12/09/1959 till: 30/06/1969 color:cdu    text:"Heinrich Lübke" 
bar:Ulbricht
 from: 12/09/1960 till: 01/08/1973 color:sed    text:"Walter Ulbricht" 
bar:Heinemann
 from: 01/07/1969 till: 30/06/1974 color:spd    text:"Gustav Heinemann" 
bar:EbertJr
 from: 01/08/1973 till: 03/10/1973 color:sed    text:"Friedrich Ebert Jr. (acting)" 
bar:Stoph
 from: 03/10/1973 till: 29/10/1976 color:sed    text:"Willi Stoph" 
bar:Honecker
 from: 29/10/1976 till: 18/10/1989 color:sed    text:"Erich Honecker" 
bar:Krenz
 from: 18/10/1989 till: 06/12/1989 color:sed    text:"Egon Krenz" 
bar:Gerlach
 from: 06/12/1989 till: 05/04/1990 color:ldpd   text:"Manfred Gerlach" 
bar:Bergmann-Pohl
 from: 05/04/1990 till: 02/10/1990 color:cdugdr text:"Sabine Bergmann-Pohl" 
bar:Scheel
 from: 01/07/1974 till: 30/06/1979 color:fdp    text:"Walter Scheel" 
bar:Carstens
 from: 01/07/1979 till: 30/06/1984 color:cdu    text:"Karl Carstens" 
bar:Weizsaecker
 from: 01/07/1984 till: 30/06/1994 color:cdu    text:"Richard von Weizsäcker" 
bar:Herzog
 from: 01/07/1994 till: 30/06/1999 color:cdu    text:"Roman Herzog" 
bar:Rau
 from: 01/07/1999 till: 30/06/2004 color:spd    text:"Johannes Rau" 
bar:Koehler
 from: 01/07/2004 till: 31/05/2010 color:cdu    text:"Horst Köhler" 
bar:Boehrnsen
 from: 31/05/2010 till: 30/06/2010 color:spd    text:"Jens Böhrnsen (acting)" 
bar:Wulff
 from: 30/06/2010 till: 17/02/2012 color:cdu    text:"Christian Wulff" 
bar:Seehofer
 from: 17/02/2012 till: 18/03/2012 color:csu    text:"Horst Seehofer (acting)" 
bar:Gauck
 from: 18/03/2012 till: 18/03/2017 color:ind    text:"Joachim Gauck" 
bar:Steinmeier
 from:19/03/2017 till: $today      color:spd    text:"Frank-Walter Steinmeier"

</timeline>

See also

Template:Portal

Notes

Template:Notelist

Template:German Presidents (1919–1945) Template:Head of State of the German Democratic Republic

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