List of rulers of Qara Qoyunlu

“Al-i Qara Qoyunlu” and “Qara Yusifiyyān”<ref>Jean Aubin, “Qara-Yusuf, fondateur de la dynastie des Qara-Qoyunlu” — Studia Iranica, 1973</ref><ref>H. R. Roemer, “The Turkmen Dynasties” — The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 6.</ref> The ruling family of the Qara Qoyunlu descended from the Yıwa tribe of the Oghuz Turks, specifically, the Baharlu tribe.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> They ruled over present-day Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan and eastern Turkey.

Titles

The Qara Qoyunlu dynasty usually introduced itself in official and written sources as "Baharlu tribe", "Qara Qoyunlu people" or "Turcoman". They were from the Baharlu tribe, which belonged to the Yiva tribe of the Oghuz, and they emphasized this affiliation.<ref>Woods, John E. The Aqquyunlu: Clan, Confederation, Empire. University of Utah Press, 1999. Ep 23-27 and 52-54 ISBN 9780874805654.</ref>

The Qara Qoyunlu rulers often referred to themselves with titles such as "sahibqıran", "sultan", "emir" or "hökmdar-ı Türkmen" (King of Turcoman) and especially tried to emphasize their Turcoman identity. For example, the ruler Qara Yusif and his son Sultan Jahan shah openly expressed their attachment to Turkism in their poems and documents.<ref>Minorsky, Vladimir. "The Qara Qoyunlu and the Qutluq-Khanids." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1955, pp. 73–89.</ref><ref>Bertels, E.E. Studies on Azerbaijani Literature in the Safavid Period. (Trans. Mehmet Kanar). Istanbul: Ministry of Culture Publications, 1996</ref>

Additionally, in 15th-century sources they were also referred to as "Turcoman beys", "rulers of the Turcoman people". These expressions reflect both their ethnic affiliation and the state structure based on tribal confederation.

Qara Qoyunlu rulers

Titular Name	Personal Name	Reign
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Bayram Khwaja Template:Nastaliq	1374 – 1378 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Qara Muhammad Turemish (Nephew of Bairam Khwaja) Template:Nastaliq	1378 – 1388 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq Abu Nasr Template:Nastaliq	Qara Yusuf Nuyan ibn Qara Muhammad Template:Nastaliq	1388 – 1394 C.E.
Amir Timur invades Kara Koyunlu (1394 – 1405 C.E.)
Bey Template:Nastaliq Abu Nasr Template:Nastaliq	Qara Yusuf Nuyan ibn Qara Muhammad Template:Nastaliq	1405 – 1420 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Qara Iskander ibn Yusuf Template:Nastaliq	1420 – 1436 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Abu Said Busat Template:Nastaliq	1430 – 1430 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Ispend bin Yusuf Template:Nastaliq	1420 – 1445 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq Muzaffar-al-Din Template:Nastaliq	Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf Template:Nastaliq	1436- 1447 C.E.
Shahrukh's death and beginning of the Timurid war of succession (1447- 1459 C.E.)
Bey Template:Nastaliq Muzaffar-al-Din Template:Nastaliq	Jahan Shah ibn Yusuf Template:Nastaliq	1447- 1467 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Hasan Ali ibn Jahan Shah Template:Nastaliq	1467 – 1468 C.E.
Bey Template:Nastaliq	Mirza Yusuf	1468 – 1469 C.E.
Conquest by the Aq Qoyunlu.

• Yellow Shaded row signifies Progenitor of Qara Qoyunlu dynasty.
• Pink Shaded row signifies Qara Qoyunlu rulers under Timurid vassalage.

Genealogy of Qara Qoyunlu

Template:Color sample Qara Qoyunlu Template:Color sample Golconda Sultanate