Louis Philippe, comte de Ségur

Template:Short description Template:Infobox noble Louis Philippe, Marquis et Comte de Ségur (1753–1830), was a French military officer, diplomat and historian.

Biography

Louis Philippe de Ségur was born in Paris, the son of Philippe Henri, Marquis de Ségur and Louise-Anne-Madeleine, Marquise de Ségur, née de Vernon (1729–1778). Like his younger half-brother, Joseph-Alexandre Pierre, Vicomte de Ségur, Louis Philippe de Ségur was also born at the family's hôtel particulier in Paris, the Hôtel de Ségur at 9 Rue Saint-Florentin.<ref name="Maréchal de Ségur163">Pierre-Marie-Maurice-Henri, Marquis de Ségur: Le Maréchal de Ségur (1724–1801), E. Plon, Nourrit et Cie, Imprimeurs-Éditeurs, rue Garancière no. 10, Paris, 1895, p. 163</ref>

Louis Philippe de Ségur entered the army in 1769 and served in the American War of Independence in 1781 as a colonel under Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau.<ref name="EB1911">{{#if: |

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                                    |This article
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• Duc de Broglie, "Deux Français aux États-Unis" in Mélanges publiés par la Société des bibliophiles français (2nd part, 1903)
• A. Cornereau, "La Mission du comte de Ségur dans la xviii^e division militaire," in the Mémoires de la Société bourguignonne de géographie et d'histoire (vol. 17, 1901)</ref>

In 1784, he was sent as minister plenipotentiary to Saint Petersburg, where he arrived on 10 March 1785. He belonged to the inner circle of Empress Catherine II and wrote some comedies for her theatre. On 11 January 1787, he concluded a commercial treaty in Saint Petersburg which was exceedingly advantageous to France. On 17 January 1787, he arrived in Tsarskoye Selo to prepare for his journey to Crimea, to which he was invited by Empress Catherine II. The next day, the imperial tour group departed towards the Crimea. In 1789, Louis Philippe de Ségur returned to Paris.<ref name="EB1911"/><ref name="Comte de Ségur 101"> Louis Philippe, Comte de Ségur: Mémoires ou Souvenirs et Anecdotes, Alexis Eymery, Libraire-Éditeur, rue Mazarine no. 30, Paris, 1827, tome II, pp. 101, 186, 314, 331 et 421</ref><ref name="Maréchal de Ségur290">Pierre-Marie-Maurice-Henri, Marquis de Ségur: Le Maréchal de Ségur (1724–1801), E. Plon, Nourrit et Cie, Imprimeurs-Éditeurs, rue Garancière no. 10, Paris, 1895, p. 290</ref>

File:Comtesse Louis-Philippe de Segur (1756-1828), by Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun.jpg

Antoinette Elisabeth Marie de Ségur, née d'Aguesseau, portrayed in 1785 by Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun.

Louis Philippe de Ségur took up a sympathetic attitude towards the French Revolution at its outset and in 1791 was sent on a mission to Berlin, where he was badly received. After fighting a duel he was forced to leave Berlin, and went into retirement until 1801 when, at Napoléon Bonaparte's command, he was nominated by the senate to the Corps Législatif. Subsequently, he became a member of the council of state, Grand Master of Ceremonies (1804–1814 and 1815 (Hundred Days)) and a senator in 1813. In 1814 Ségur voted for the deposition of Napoléon and entered King Louis XVIII's Chamber of Peers. Deprived of his offices and functions in 1815 for joining Napoléon during the Hundred Days, he was reinstated in 1819 and supported the Revolution of 1830, but died shortly afterwards.<ref name="EB1911"/>

Louis Philippe de Ségur married on 30 April 1777 Antoinette Élisabeth Marie d'Aguesseau (1756–1828), who also died in Paris. They had three sons and one daughter:

• Laure Antoinette de Ségur (1778–1812), married Louis Auguste Vallet de La Touche, Baron de Villeneuve, Marquis du Blanc (Paris, 4 February 1779Template:SndLe Blanc, Indre, 24 December 1837), and had issue
• Octave-Henri Gabriel, Comte de Ségur
• Philippe Paul, Comte de Ségur
• Olivier Alexandre de Ségur (1790–1791)

Publications (partial list)

File:Louis Philippe de Ségur memoirs.jpg

A personal dedication from Louis Philippe, Comte de Ségur, to his readers.<ref name="Comte de Ségur préface"> Louis Philippe, Comte de Ségur: Mémoires ou Souvenirs et Anecdotes, Alexis Eymery, Libraire-Éditeur, rue Mazarine no. 30, Paris, 1827, tome I, préface</ref>

• Tableau historique et politique de l'Europe de 1786–1796. Contenant l'histoire de Frédéric-Guillaume II
• Pensées politiques (Paris, 1795)
• Théâtre de l'hermitage (Paris, 1798, 2 volumes)
• Histoire des principaux évènements du règne de Fréderic-Guillaume II (1800)
• Contes (1809)
• Histoire de France (n vols., 1824–1834)
• His Œuvres complètes were published in 34 volumes in 1824 et seq.<ref name="EB1911"/>
• Histoire des juifs (1827)
• Mémoires ou Souvenirs et Anecdotes (Paris, 1827, 3 volumes)
• The Memoirs and Anecdotes of the Count de Segur, edited by Gerard Shelley (1928)

Further reading

• Pierre-Marie-Maurice-Henri, Marquis de Ségur: Le Maréchal de Ségur (1724–1801), E. Plon, Nourrit et Cie, Imprimeurs-Éditeurs, rue Garancière no. 10, Paris, 1895
• Louis Philippe, Comte de Ségur: Mémoires ou Souvenirs et Anecdotes, Alexis Eymery, Libraire-Éditeur, rue Mazarine no. 30, Paris, 1827 (3 volumes)