Luna Park

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Luna Park, Coney Island was the first of dozens of Luna Parks. Its success inspired the creation of dozens of Luna Parks, Electric Parks, and similar amusement parks.
The "Electric Tower", the centerpiece of the original Luna Park on Coney Island, ca. 1905. Many of the subsequent amusement parks that took the name "Luna Park" had their own central tower.

Luna Park is a name shared by dozens of currently operating and defunct amusement parks. They are named after, and partly based on, the first Luna Park, which opened in 1903 during the heyday of large Coney Island parks. Luna parks are small-scale attraction parks, easily accessed, potentially addressed to the permanent or temporary residential market, and located in the suburbs or even near the town center. Luna parks mainly offer classic funfair attractions (great wheel), newer features (electronic displays) and catering services.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

History

The original Luna Park on Coney Island, a massive spectacle of rides, ornate towers and cupolas covered in 250,000 electric lights, was opened in 1903 by the showmen and entrepreneurs Frederic Thompson and Elmer "Skip" Dundy. The park was either named after the fanciful airship Luna, part of the new park's central attraction A Trip to the Moon, or after Dundy's sister.<ref>Dale Samuelson, AJP Samuelson, and Wendy Yegoiants, The American Amusement Park Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Coney Island's success with electronic attractions and rides also inspired a proliferation of parks named Electric Park (Samuelson, Samuelson, Yegoiants, The American Amusement Park).</ref> Luna Park was a vastly expanded attraction built partly on the grounds of Sea Lion Park, the first enclosed amusement park on Coney Island which closed down due to competition from nearby Steeplechase Park.

In 1905, Frederick Ingersoll, who was already making a reputation for his pioneering work in roller coaster construction and design (he also designed scenic railroad rides) borrowed the name when he opened Luna Park in Pittsburgh and Luna Park in Cleveland. These first two amusement parks, like their namesake, were covered with electric lighting (the former was adorned with 67,000 light bulbs;<ref name="Jim Futrell 2002">Jim Futrell, Amusement Parks of Pennsylvania (Flagpole Books, 2002) Template:ISBN</ref> the latter, 50,000<ref name="post-gazette.com">Luna Park's luminary: Entrepreneur/roller coaster designer deserves his duePittsburgh Post-Gazette, September 1, 2008</ref>). Later, in 1907, Charles Looff opened another Luna Park in Seattle, Washington. Ultimately, Ingersoll opened 44 Luna Parks around the world, the first chain of amusement parks. For a short time, Ingersoll renamed his parks Ingersoll's Luna Park to distinguish them from the Luna Parks to which he had no connection.<ref name=" Robert Cartmell 1987">Robert Cartmell, The Incredible Scream Machine (Popular Press 1987) Template:ISBN</ref> Ingersoll's death in 1927 and the closing of most of his Luna Parks did not stop new parks from taking the name.

Today, the term luna park or lunapark is a noun meaning "amusement park" in several languages, including Indo-European languages such as Polish, French, Italian, Russian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Bosnian, Slovenian, and Greek ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, Template:Transliteration),<ref>*"lunapark" in Polish-English dictionary: retrieved February 2, 2015

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List of Luna Parks

In Africa

Name Location In operation Notes
Luna Park, Cairo<ref>Magda Baraka, The Egyptian Upper Class Between Revolutions, 1919–1952 (Garnet & Ithaca Press 1998) Template:ISBN</ref> Heliopolis, Egypt 1911 to 1915 The first in Africa and the Middle East.<ref>Yasser Elsheshtawy, Planning Middle Eastern Cities: An Urban Kaleidoscope in an Urbanizing World (Routledge 2004) Template:ISBN</ref> On January 19, 1915, the buildings and grounds were converted into Australian Auxiliary Hospital at Luna Park for World War I.<ref>Peter Rees, Other Anzacs: Nurses at War 1914–1918 (Allen & Unwin 2009) Template:ISBN</ref> The hospital was closed on July 10, 1916.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Obala, Cameroon Template:Nowrap

In Asia

File:Beirut Luna park entrance.jpg
Luna Park, Beirut
File:Lunapark Tel-Aviv.JPG
Luna Park, Tel Aviv currently operates in Israel.
Luna Park, Osaka, one of two Japanese Luna Parks, was open to the public from 1912 to 1923. The original Tsutenkaku Tower was completed at the same time as the amusement park.
Night photograph of the original Tsutentaku Tower overlooking Luna Park, Osaka in 1912
Name Location In operation Notes
Luna Park, Abha Saudi Arabia ? to present citation CitationClass=web

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Alanya Lunapark<ref>Official site - Alanya Lunapark</ref> Near Alanya, Turkey ? to present
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Baku, Azerbaijan 2000 to 2005
Luna Park, Beirut Beirut, Lebanon 1966 to present
Luna Park, Bombay<ref name="Robert Cartmell 1987"/> Mumbai, India Designed and built by Ingersoll
Bostanci Lunapark Bostancı, Turkey 1983 to present
Eski Lunapark Near Balıkesir, Turkey ? to present
Kültürpark Lunapark Konak, İzmir, Turkey ? to present
Girne Lunapark Karşıyaka, İzmir, Turkey ? to 2010
Mersin Lunapark Mersin, Turkey ? to present
Lunapark, Nazilli Nazilli, Turkey ? to present
Sincan Lunapark Sincan, Turkey ? to present
Bolu Lunapark Bolu, Turkey ? to present
Luna Park, Larnaca Larnaca, Cyprus ? to present citation CitationClass=web

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Haifa, Israel 2001 to 2013 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref> and reopened after negotiations with the local religious community.<ref>Luna Grand Park listing in Roller Coaster Database showing reopening of park</ref> Closed for good on October 31, 2013 to make room for a new cinema.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Luna Park, Tel Aviv<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Tel Aviv, Israel 1970 to present The Luna Park was located in Jaffa from 1953 to 1970, when it was relocated.<ref>אבאל'ה בוא ללונה פארק. ביפו, אתר המועצה לשימור אתרים</ref>
Template:Ill<ref>Luna Park, Hong Kong – Gwulo: Old Hong Kong</ref> North Point, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong 1949 to 1954 Amusement park, cinema and nightclub complex
Luna Park, Osaka<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Osaka, Japan 1912 to 1923 Also known as Shinsekai Luna Park<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Luna Park, Tokyo Tokyo, Japan 1910 to 1911 Burned down in 1911<ref>Sakutarō Hagiwara and Robert Epp, Rats Nests:The Collected Poetry of Hagiwara Sakutarō (Yakusha, 1993) Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Miodrag Mitrasinovic, Total Landscape, Theme Parks, Public Space (Ashgate Publishing 2006) Template:ISBN</ref>
Luna Park, Tehran Tehran, Iran 1970 to 1980 Reopened in 1988 as Shahr-e Bazi; closed 2007 to make room for new highway<ref>Part of Tehran Funfair Will Become Women's ParkIran-Daily June 26, 2006</ref>
Luna Park, Yerevan Yerevan, Armenia 2000 to present

In Europe

Until it was permanently closed in 1933, Luna Park, Berlin was the largest amusement park in Europe.
Aerial view of Luna Park, Berlin in 1935
Mountain railroads (also known as Russian mountains were popular in European Luna Parks
Postcard showing the mountain railroad at Luna Park, Leipzig
Lunapark Sowinski is a currently operating amusement park near Władysławowo, Poland.
Aerial view of Template:Ill near Władysławowo, Poland, in 2009
Name Location In operation Notes
Luna Park, Aidonakia Athens, Greece 2001 to present Constructed by Ingersoll. Also known as Template:Transliteration, 'the little nightingales'.<ref name="post-gazette.com"/>
Fantasia Luna Park Near Faliraki, Greece 2003 to present
International Luna Park Near Athens, Greece ? to present
Luna Park, Brent Cross London, United Kingdom 2020 to Present
Luna Park, Berlin Berlin, Germany 1909 to 1933 In its time, it was the largest amusement park in Europe<ref>Claudia Puttkammer/ Sacha Szabo: Gruß aus dem Luna-Park. Eine Archäologie des Vergnügens. Freizeit- und Vergnügungsparks Anfang des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts. WVB, Berlin, 2007, Template:ISBN (in German)</ref>
Luna Park, Cologne<ref>Regina Dahmen-Ingenhoven and Kristin Feireiss, Animation: Form Follows Fun (Birkhäuser 2004) Template:ISBN</ref> Cologne, Germany 1909 to 1927
Luna Park Hamburg-Altona Hamburg, Germany 1913, and again 1917 to 1923
Luna Park, Leipzig Leipzig, Germany 1911 to 1932
Luna Park, Saint-Brieuc, France Saint-Brieuc, France 1982 to present Located in the Brézillet area of Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor, France<ref name="maville">Les manèges de Lunapark à Brézillet</ref>
Luna Park, Cap d'Agde<ref>Official site: Luna Park Cap d'Agde Template:Webarchive (in French)</ref> Cap d'Agde, France ? to present
Luna Park, Fréjus<ref>French Fun Park Bans the Electric ChairDer Spiegel Online, August 22, 2008</ref> Fréjus, France ? to present
Luna Park, La Palmyre La Palmyre, France ? to present
Luna Park, Paris<ref>OrderTime (magazine) February 16, 1931</ref> Paris, France 1909 to 1931
Luna Park, Argelès-sur-Mer Argelès-sur-Mer, France ? to present
Luna Park, Nice Nice, France ? to present
Luna Park Funfair Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom ? to present
Luna Park, Geneva<ref>Roland Fuller and Allen Levy, The Bassett-Lowke Story (Taylor & Francis, 1984) Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Eaux-Vives (in French), City of Geneva 2007</ref> Le Parc des Eaux Vives alongside Lake Geneva, Switzerland 1912 to 1918
Luna Park, L'Escala L'Escala, Spain ? to present
Lunapark, Łódź<ref>Template:Official website</ref> Łódź, Poland Closed January 2016
Template:Ill Near Władysławowo, Poland 2006 to present
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Odesa, Ukraine ? to present
Luna Park, Rome<ref name="Robert Cartmell 1987"/> Rome, Italy ? to 1930s Designed and built by Ingersoll
LunEur<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Rome, Italy 1953 to 2008
2016 to present
Luna Park, Milan Near Milan, Italy 1965 to present Name was changed April 11, 2004 to Luna Europark Idroscalo Milano<ref>History of Luna Euro Park Template:Webarchive (in italian)</ref>
Luna park na Výstavišti [1] Prague, Czech Republic 1960s to present
Luna Park, Moscow<ref>History of Moscow parks Template:Webarchive – Carrousel.ru (official site)</ref> Moscow, Russia 1993 to present Officially called "Luna Park Carousel".
Luna Park, St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg, Russia May 1912 to 1924
Luna Park, Skopje Skopje, North Macedonia ? to 2022
Luna Park, București București, Romania 1920s-1936 First amusement park in Romania, it also had the 1st and only true roller coaster in the country. Demolished in 1936 to make space for a department store.
Luna Park, Liseberg Gothenburg, Sweden 2022 to present Area in Liseberg theme park in sweden, includes rides like Luna, Tempus, and Turbo.

In North America

Luna Park, Coney Island was the first of dozens of Luna Parks. It burnt down in 1944.
Comedian Fatty Arbuckle riding The Whip in Luna Park, Coney Island, as shown in the 1917 motion picture Coney Island
The Seattle Luna Park was designed by the same person who designed the original in Coney Island.
Postcard photo of Luna Park, Seattle entrance bridge
Name Location In operation Notes
Luna Park, Alexandria County Alexandria County (now Arlington County), Virginia, United States 1906 to 1915 citation CitationClass=web

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(2) Luna Park Arlington entry at NorVAPics</ref>

Luna Park, Buffalo Buffalo, New York, United States 1904 to 1920 Designed and built by Ingersoll. Damaged by fire July 14, 1909<ref>"Buffalo Luna Park Damaged by Fire",New York Times July 15, 1909</ref> Originally Carnival Court, became Athletic Park before closing<ref name="Jim Futrell 2006">Jim Futrell, Amusement Parks of New York (Stackpole Books 2006) Template:ISBN</ref>
Luna Park, Charleston<ref>20th Century Images: Cooling Off at Luna ParkCharleston Gazette, September 8, 2008</ref><ref>Pictures of Charleston WV Luna Park Template:Webarchive</ref><ref>Annual Report of the State Health Department of West Virginia 1920/21 (State of West Virginia 1921)</ref> Charleston, West Virginia, United States 1912 to 1923 Most of the park burned down in 1923 after its roller coaster caught fire; now single-family housing.
Luna Park, Chicago Chicago, Illinois, United States 1907 to 1911 Owned by James "Big Jim" O'Leary, boxing promoter who was son of Mrs. O'Leary of Great Chicago Fire fame<ref name="Perry Duis 1998">Perry Duis, Challenging Chicago: Coping with Everyday Life, 1837–1920 (University of Illinois Press 1998) Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Reports of Cases Determined in the Appellate Courts of Illinois: Edwin C. Day vs. Luna Park Company and James O'Leary, Gen. No. 16,480 – Harvard Press, 1913: Ruling of an appeal of a case involving Luna Park, Chicago, and a concessionaire who declared bankruptcy in 1908. Case was filed in 1909, ruled and appealed in 1910, with the ruling of the appeal in 1912... the year after Luna Park itself was shut down.</ref><ref>Jazz Age Chicago - Urban Leisure from 1893 to 1945</ref><ref>Lauren Rabinovitz, For the Love of Pleasure: Women, Movies, and Culture in Turn-of-the-Century Chicago (Rutgers University Press 1998) Template:ISBN</ref>
Luna Park, Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio, United States 1905 to 1929 Designed by Ingersoll. Former site of Luna Bowl stadium for American football and Negro league baseball games<ref name="Robert Cartmell 1987"/>
Luna Park, Coney Island New York City, New York, United States 1903 to 1944 First Luna Park and forerunner of amusement park chain.<ref name="Robert Cartmell 1987"/> Now a housing development.
Luna Park, Coney Island (opened 2010) New York City, New York, United States 2010 to present Constructed on the site of the former Astroland (across the street from the original Luna Park).
Luna Park, Denver Denver, Colorado, United States 1908 to 1914 Constructed on the site of the first US amusement park west of the Mississippi River, known as Manhattan Beach (1881–1908)<ref>Sloan's Lake Century</ref>
Luna Park, Detroit Detroit, Michigan, United States 1906 to 1927 Was actually named Electric Park but also called Luna Park, Riverview Park, and Granada Park (Ingersoll Amusement Center was a separate park<ref name="Robert Cartmell 1987"/>)
Luna Park, Honolulu<ref name="Robert Cartmell 1987"/> Honolulu, Hawaii, United States Closed down unknown time. Designed and built by Ingersoll.
Luna Park, Houston<ref>Luna Park (Houston) – Houstonian</ref> Houston, Texas, United States 1924 to c. 1934 Much of the site now businesses near a residential development; the northern and eastern edges now covered by Interstate 10 and Interstate 45.
Luna Park, Hull<ref>Luna Park, Hull entry in "Closed Canadian Parks" – Coaster Enthusiasts of Canada</ref> Gatineau, Quebec, Canada 1925 to 1928
Luna Park, Johnstown Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States Originally Roxbury Park; renamed Luna Park in 1905; sold to Johnstown in 1922; renamed Roxbury Park<ref>Randy G. Whittle, Johnstown, Pennsylvania: A History (History Press) 2005, Template:ISBN</ref>
Luna Park, Los Angeles Los Angeles, California, United States 1911 to 1914 Was Chutes Park 1900–1910<ref>Chutes & Luna Park Template:Webarchive – Venice, California History Site</ref><ref name="Aubrey Drury 1913">Wells Drury and Aubrey Drury, California Tourist Guide and Handbook: Authentic Description of Routes of Travel and Points of Interest in California (Western Guidebook 1913)</ref>
Luna Park, Mansfield<ref>Diane DeMali Francis, Ohio's Amusement Parks in Vintage Postcards (Arcadia Publishing, 2002), Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Timothy Brian McKee, Mansfield in Vintage Postcards (Arcadia Publishing, 2003), Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Summer Parks – New York Clipper, May 5, 1907</ref> Mansfield, Ohio, United States 1905 to ? Also known as Casino Park
Luna Park, Mexico City<ref name="Jim Futrell 2002"/> Mexico City, Mexico 1906 to ? Designed by Ingersoll. On the same site as Luna Loca.<ref name="post-gazette.com"/>
Luna Park, Olcott Beach<ref name="Jim Futrell 2006"/><ref>Ad in the 20 July 1906 edition of New York Times</ref> Newfane, New York, United States 1898 to 1926 Destroyed by fire in 1927<ref>Avis A. Townsend, Newfane and Olcott (Arcadia Publishing 2005) Template:ISBN</ref>
Luna Park, Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States 1905 to 1909 Was first of the Ingersoll Luna Parks and first amusement park to be covered with electric lighting<ref name="post-gazette.com"/>
Luna Park, Portland Portland, Oregon, United States 1903 to 1944
Luna Park, San Jose<ref name="Aubrey Drury 1913"/> San Jose, California, United States 1910 to 1916 Included a baseball stadium that served as home for the San Jose Prune Pickers and San Jose Bears of the California State League.<ref>Minor League Park History - Luna ParkTemplate:Dead linkSociety for American Baseball Research</ref>
Luna Park, Schenectady<ref>Some sources refer to it as Luna Park, Clinton Park when not calling it by its longest-used (and most recent) name, Rexford Park</ref> Rexford, New York, United States 1901 to 1933 Designed and built by Ingersoll. Was also known as Dolle's Park, Colonnade Park, Palisades Park, and Rexford Park<ref>Susan Rosenthal, Schenectady (Arcadia Publishing 1999) Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Rexford Ramble page</ref><ref>John L. Scherer, Clifton Park (Arcadia Publishing 1996), Template:ISBN</ref><ref>Pictures of Rexford Park (Luna Park) ca. 1906, 1920, 1926 Template:Webarchive – CDLC Digital Collections</ref><ref>The Way We Were - Town of Clifton Park Template:Webarchive – Saratoga County (New York) official site</ref>
Luna Park, Scranton Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States 1906 to 1916 Constructed by Ingersoll.<ref>Luna Park, Scranton, Lackawanna County, PA Template:Webarchive – defunctparks.com</ref><ref>Cheryl A. Kashuba, Darlene Miller-Lanning, and Alan Sweeney, Scranton (Arcadia Publishing 2005) Template:ISBN</ref> Most of grounds now covered by Interstate 81.
Luna Park, Seattle Seattle, Washington, United States 1907 to 1913 Designed by Looff.<ref>Alki Beach Park: former site of Seattle Luna Park – official Seattle Parks and Recreation page</ref>
Luna Park, Sylvan Beach New York City, New York United States ? Absorbed by nearby Carnival Park<ref name="Jim Futrell 2006"/><ref>Brandy Ann, Around Sylvan Beach (Arcadia Publishing 2008) Template:ISBN</ref>
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West Hartford, Connecticut, United States 1906 to 1930 Name changed from White City just before the park's grand opening.
Luna Park, Wheeling Wheeling, West Virginia, United States 1905 to 1907

In Oceania

entrance of Melbourne Luna Park
Luna Park Melbourne entrance
entrance of Sydney Luna Park
Luna Park Sydney entrance
Name Location In operation Notes
Luna Park Glenelg Glenelg, South Australia, Australia 1930 to 1934 citation CitationClass=web

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Luna Park Melbourne<ref name="post-gazette.com"/> Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 1912 to present Designed and built by Ingersoll. Oldest operational Luna Park and famous for having the oldest continually operating roller coaster in the world.
Luna Park Redcliffe<ref>Redcliffe Historical Timeline Template:WebarchiveMoreton Bay Regional Council</ref><ref name="taxfree">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Redcliffe City, Queensland, Australia 1944 to 1966 Erected on an unused section of the foreshore just north of Sutton's Beach at Redcliffe Point in late 1944. Owners, Redcliffe Town Council appointed Messrs W. Scott and Philip Wirth as amusement managers. Later the enterprise was sold by the Redcliffe Town Council to local businessman Hal Buchanan who sold it on to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brisbane, which sold it again in 1952. Amusements included a steam train, ferris wheel, sideshows and car-rides as well as a salt-water swimming pool.<ref name=taxfree /><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Luna Park Sydney Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 1935 to 1979, 1982 to 1988, 1995 to 1996, 2000 to 2001, 2004 to present Originally known as Luna Park Milsons Point<ref>Sam Marshall, Luna Park – Just for fun, 2nd edition. Sydney, Australia: Luna Park Sydney Pty Ltd. (2005) Template:ISBN</ref>
Luna Park Scarborough<ref name=LPStimeline/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Scarborough, Western Australia, Australia Template:Start date<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> to 1972
Luna Park Auckland Auckland, New Zealand 1926 to 1931 Established on Auckland's Waitemata Harbour, using rides and equipment from the New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition, a world fair that ran in Dunedin, New Zealand, from 1925–1926. Due to the depression, Luna Park began to run at a loss and was shut down in 1931.<ref>Heritage et Al: Luna Park</ref>

In South America

File:Buenos Aires-San Nicolás-Luna Park.jpg
Luna Park, Buenos Aires, 2005
Name Location In operation Notes
Luna Park, Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina 1934 to present Designed and built by Ingersoll. Became site of a sports arena built 1931–1934.<ref name=" Robert Cartmell 1987"/> As of 2013, it still runs, serving as a venue for stage concerts & presentations, both national and international, and as a sports arena. Acclaimed international shows such as Disney on Ice and the Harlem Globetrotters have performed in Argentine Luna Park. It is known for its adaptability to host ice-skating rinks, multiple stages, sports courts, and others.
Luna Park, Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ? to 2006 Now used to store portable amusement rides by owner Orlando Orfei; often called Luna Park, Nova Iguaçu
Lunapark, Lima Lima, Peru ? to 2007
Lunapark, Lecherias Anzoátegui, Venezuela 2003 to present Also known as Parque de Atracciones Plaza Mayor
Luna Park, Santa Fé Bogotá, Colombia 1921 to 1948 Designed and built by Don Nicolás Liévano where today sits the neighborhood of Barrio Restrepo. The park was built around a lake fed by the Fucha River. It counted with several attractions including the Chicago Ferris wheel, a carrousel, a building for events, and more. Designed to entertain families and children of the south of Bogotá it was also used for parades and events during special occasions. By 1948 the luna park construction company decided to fill the lake and build residential areas on top which was supported by the secretary of public works of Bogotá disregarding the protests by the locals against the project.

See also

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References

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