Madhavrao Scindia

Madhavrao Jiwajirao Scindia or Madhavrao II (10 March 1945 – 30 September 2001) was an Indian politician and minister in the Government of India. He was a member of the Indian National Congress. He was viewed as a potential future prime ministerial candidate before the 1999 Lok Sabha elections in the aftermath of the controversy over Sonia Gandhi's foreign origin.

Scindia was the son of Jiwajirao Scindia, the last ruling Maharaja of the erstwhile Gwalior State. Upon the death of his father in 1961, and under terms agreed to during the political integration of India, Scindia succeeded to a privy purse, certain privileges, and the use of the title "Maharaja of Gwalior,"<ref name=ramusack-pol-integration>Template:Cite book</ref> which lasted until 1971, whereupon all were abolished by the 26th Amendment to the Constitution of India.<ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Early life

Scindia was born in a 96 kuli Maratha family, to the last ruling Maharaja of Gwalior, Jiwajirao Scindia and his mother was Rajmata Vijay Raje Scindia. He married Madhavi Raje Scindia, a daughter of army general of Madhesh Province, Nepal, and a great-granddaughter of Prime Minister of Nepal and Maharaja of Kaski and Lamjung, Juddha Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, a patrilineal descendant of Sardar Ramakrishna Kunwar of Gorkha.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> They had two children, a daughter, Chitrangada Singh (born 1967),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> a son Jyotiraditya Scindia<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> (born 1971).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Scindia underwent his schooling in Scindia School, Gwalior and thereafter went for higher studies in Winchester College and at New College, Oxford.<ref name="EB">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

On his return from the UK, Scindia followed the political tradition set by his mother Vijaya Raje Scindia by joining politics. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1971 from the Guna constituency on a Bharatiya Jana Sangh ticket.<ref name="EB"/>

Career

Electoral victories

He won for the first time from Guna constituency at the age of 26. He contested the election on the ticket of Bharatiya Jana Sangh (the precursor of the present day Bharatiya Janata Party), which his family had long patronised. When the Emergency, he fled the country into self-imposed exile in the United Kingdom.

After he returned to India, he resigned from the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. He contested from Guna constituency as an independent candidate and won the seat a second time in spite of the wave in favour of the Janata Party.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the 1980 election, he switched allegiance to the Indian National Congress and won from Guna a third time. In 1984, he was nominated as the Congress party's candidate from Gwalior in a last-minute manoeuvre to defeat the Bharatiya Janata Party's Atal Bihari Vajpayee, and won by a massive margin. After that Scindia contested from either Gwalior or Guna and won on each occasion.

Ministerial appointments

The 1984 election brought Scindia his first experience as a minister. He made his mark as an excellent administrator during his stint as Railways Minister (22 October 1986 – 1 December 1989)<ref>Railway Ministers. Irfca. Retrieved on 14 November 2018.</ref> in the Rajiv Gandhi Ministry.

Prime Ministers P. V. Narasimha Rao made him Minister for Civil Aviation. He faced a turbulent period of agitation by the staff of the domestic carrier, Indian Airlines, and as part of a strategy of disciplining the workforce, he leased a number of aircraft from Russia. Early in 1992 one of these aircraft crashed, though without any loss of life, and Scindia promptly submitted his resignation. Although not known to be too finicky about such notions as ministerial accountability, the prime minister accepted his resignation. Scindia was later reinducted into the Cabinet in 1995 as Minister for Human Resource Development. Scindia is also credited with setting up the Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management (IIITM) at Gwalior as an institution of repute, which got renamed after Atal Bihari Vajpayee as ABV-IIITM.

Opposition years

After the defeat of the Indian National Congress in the 1989 Indian general election, Scindia became a prominent member of the opposition. In 1990, after the fall of the V. P. Singh government, the Congress provided external support to the Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) government of Chandra Shekhar. Scindia was appointed president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), a post he held until his 3-year term expired in 1993.

Rebellion and return

In 1996, he left the Congress party after being accused of bribery by prime minister PV Narasimha Rao. He founded the Madhya Pradesh Vikas Congress (MPVC), and along with Arjun Singh and other Congress dissidents formed the United Front government at the Centre. Scindia himself opted to stay out of the cabinet. In 1998, just before the Lok Sabha elections he merged the MPVC into the Congress party. He won the 1998 Lok Sabha election from Guna.<ref name=":0" />

Death

Madhavrao Scindia died at the age of 56, in a plane crash in Motta village, which is on the outskirts of Mainpuri district of Uttar Pradesh, on 30 September 2001. The plane caught fire when it was above Bhainsrauli village.<ref>Bhainsrauli village[1]</ref> Being viewed as a future prime ministerial candidate before the 1999 Lok Sabha elections in the aftermath of the controversy over Sonia Gandhi's foreign origin, he was on his way to address a rally in Kanpur.<ref>Madhavrao Scindia Dies In Plane Crash</ref>

All eight people on board the private plane (Beechcraft King Air C90) died in the crash. This included his personal secretary Rupinder Singh, journalists Sanjeev Sinha (The Indian Express), Anju Sharma (The Hindustan Times), Gopal Bisht, Ranjan Jha (Aaj Tak), pilot Ray Gautam and co-pilot Ritu Malik. The bodies were charred beyond recognition and taken by road to Agra, from where a special Indian Air Force aircraft, sent by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, brought the remains to New Delhi. The remains of Madhavrao Scindia were identified by his family, with the Goddess Durga locket that he always used to wear.<ref>Goddess Durga Locket</ref>

The autopsies and other legal formalities were conducted and completed respectively at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi by Professor T. D. Dogra.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His son Jyotiraditya M. Scindia was symbolically appointed the head of the family.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Ancestry

• Reference :<ref name="PurushottamShamsher1990">Template:Cite book</ref>

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Bibliography

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