Mandaluyong

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use Philippine English Template:Infobox settlement Mandaluyong (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell; Template:IPA), officially the City of Mandaluyong (Template:Langx, Template:IPA), is a highly-urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 465,902 people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Located directly east of Manila, Mandaluyong was originally a barrio of Santa Ana de Sapa (now a district of Manila) called San Felipe Neri. It separated and became its own town in 1841, and later acquired the name Mandaluyong in 1931 during the American occupation. In 1994, it became the first municipality of Metro Manila to become a city since the metropolis' establishment in 1975.

At present, it is known for the Ortigas Center, a commercial and business center that it also shares with the city of Pasig. Notable institutions and establishments in the city include the Asian Development Bank, the headquarters of Banco de Oro and San Miguel Corporation and shopping malls like Shangri-La Plaza and SM Megamall.

The city is bordered by Manila to the west, San Juan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, Pasig to the east, Taguig to the southeast, and Makati to the south. It is also the 6th-smallest city in the Philippines with a land area of Template:Convert, similar to Makati and Marikina.

Etymology

There are different stories on the origin of the name Mandaluyong.

One tells of how the place was abundant with a kind of tree called luyong, now more commonly known as anahaw (Saribus rotundifolius),<ref name="ERDB">Template:Cite web</ref> from which canes and furniture were made.

Another claims that the Spaniards named the place based on the report of a navigator named Acapulco, who saw the rolling hills frequently being lashed at by daluyong (“big waves from the sea”).<ref name=mandabook>Template:Cite book</ref> This seems to confirm traditional pre-Hispanic stories that giant waves from the sea would meet the adjoining hills of the vast lowland, referred to as salpukan ng alon. Felix dela Huerta, a Franciscan historian, observed that the rolling topography of this land resembled giant waves of the sea.

As with the etymological legends of many Philippine places, when the foreigners asked what the place was called, the locals answered with the description "madaluyong" ("undulating"), later transcribed by Spanish writers as "Mandaluyong," with the addition of an “n”.

Another version of the name is based on a legend that a Maharlika named Luyong fell in love with Manda, the lovely daughter of a barangay chieftain. The chieftain did not like Luyong and forbade him Manda's hand. Luyong overcame this objection by winning a series of tribal contests, as was the custom at the time. The couple settled thereafter in a place which was later called “Mandaluyong" – a term made up of joining their names.<ref name="RidiculousEtymology">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=esquire>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

History

Early history

Natives of Mandaluyong trace their roots to Emperor Soledan (also known as "Anka Widyaya" of the Great Majapahit Empire) and Empress Sasaban of the Kingdom of Sapa, whose son Prince Balagtas ruled as sovereign of the kingdom in about the year 1300.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref>

More than a century later, in about the year 1470, it expanded and was called the "Kingdom of Namayan" with "Lakan Takhan" as sovereign. The vast Kingdom comprised what are now Quiapo, San Miguel, Sta, Mesa, Paco, Pandacan, Malate and Santa Ana in Manila, and Mandaluyong, San Juan, Makati, Pasay, Pateros, Taguig and Parañaque.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Spanish colonial era

Foundation

Mandaluyong was first known as a barrio of Santa Ana de Sapa, which was part of the District of Paco, Province of Tondo (later known as the Province of Manila). It was named San Felipe Neri by the Spaniards in honor of the patron saint of Rome. It was separated civilly from Santa Ana de Sapa in 1841.

On September 15, 1863, San Felipe Neri established its own parish. Under the administration of the Congregation “Dulcísimo Nombre de Jesús” (Template:Translation), it constructed its own church, convent and school. The Parish of San Felipe Neri played a significant role as a relay station for propagating the Katipunan during the 1896–1898 Revolution.

Original barrios

In 1829, the then-barrio of Mandaloyon had 10 barangays, each named after saints: San Pedro Bautista, San Roque, San Pascual, San Antonio, San Francisco, San Pedro Apostol, San Miguel, San Rafael, San Pedro Alcantara, and San Isidro. By 1840, there were a total of 14 barangays, and in 1845, when Mandaluyong became a separate pueblo, there were 17 barangays.<ref name="Vicencio1987">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp This would increase to 28 barangays in 1864, until the early 1880s where the practice of naming barangays after saints were dropped and the number of barangays (which was changed to barrios) was reduced to ten: Poblacion, Buhangin, Licod Hacienda, Hagdanbato, Pasobancal, Barranca, Jolo, Punta, Santo Nino, and Zaniga.<ref name="Vicencio1987"/>Template:Rp

During the American colonial era, the first recorded census in 1903 listed five barrios: Poblacion, Barangka, Hagdang Bato, Namayan, and Hulo.<ref name="Patricio1976">Template:Cite book</ref> From these five evolved 22 sub-barrios.

The Philippine revolution

Mandaluyong was significant in the Philippine Revolution of 1896 as the baluarte (territory) of the Katipunan or "Makabuhay" group, with seventeen branches.<ref name="Mandaluyong.gov.ph">Template:Cite web</ref>

On August 29, 1896, Andres Bonifacio, together with Emilio Jacinto and other members of the Katipunan went into the house of Romualdo Vicencio at Sitio Balakbak (now Villa San Miguel) to prepare for the upcoming revolution against Spanish authority. In this site, Bonifacio read the last manifestation of the Katipunan before they transferred in Hagdan Bato, in the house of Felix Sanchez. This event is also known as the "29 De Agosto" and "Pinagtipunan" in which it is already named in two streets near the historic Barangay Hagdan Bato Itaas. It was in Barangay Hagdang Bato on August 28, 1896, where Andres Bonifacio issued a proclamation setting Saturday, August 29, 1896, as the date of the attack on Manila.

On August 30, 1896, after the successfully revolution in San Felipe Neri, the Katipuneros went to San Juan del Monte and attacked the El Polvorin (gunpowder depot) in order to amass more weapons to use against the Spaniards. This event is popularly known as the Battle of San Juan del Monte. It was also in this town that the revolutionary paper, La Republika, was established on September 15, 1896.

American colonial era

On June 11, 1901, San Felipe Neri was incorporated into the newly established province of Rizal. During the American Occupation, it was raised to a first-class municipality with five barrios, namely: Poblacion, Barangka, Hagdang Bato, Namayan and Hulo. By virtue of Act No. 942 dated November 6, 1903, it was consolidated with the municipality of San Juan del Monte and became the seat of the municipal government.<ref>Template:Cite PH act</ref> For several months in 1904, San Felipe Neri became the capital of Rizal.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> San Juan del Monte was later separated from San Felipe Neri to regain its independent municipality status on March 27, 1907.<ref name="Act-1625">Template:Cite PH act</ref>

San Felipe Neri was renamed to its present name of Mandaluyong on November 6, 1931, by virtue of Act No. 3836.<ref>Template:Cite act</ref> Many government infrastructures are established during the American Period, including the Correctional Institute for Women, Welfareville Compound, The Boy's Town, and the National Center for Mental Health.

Japanese occupation era

File:City of Greater Manila map.jpg
Map of the City of Greater Manila, showing Mandaluyong's territory that reached up to Marikina River at the east.

From 1942 to 1945, during World War II, Mandaluyong formed part of the City of Greater Manila, along with Manila, Quezon City, and other nearby towns of Rizal.<ref>Template:Cite PH act</ref><ref name="eo58">Template:Cite PH act</ref> Also during the war, Mandaluyong lost many of her people; among them were Catholic priests and civilians. Destruction was felt all over, but with the timely arrival of the American Liberation Forces and the Philippine Commonwealth troops on February 9, 1945, the municipality was saved from further damages. That day became a red calendar day for Mandaluyong marking its liberation from the Japanese Imperial forces by the Allies.

Philippine independence

File:5124Mandaluyong City Roads Landmarks Barangays 22.jpg
Dambana ng Ala-ala Alay sa mga Dakilang Anak ng Mandaluyong (Template:Translation), a memorial dedicated to the gallant locals of Mandaluyong
File:Liberation Monument, Mandaluyong.jpg
Liberation Monument at Liberation Park, Pag-asa, Mandaluyong

After World War II, Mandaluyong began to become progressive and dramatically increase the economy. Many infrastructures, companies, and other businesses were developed in 1950s–1960s and as the result, making Mandaluyong recognized as the most developed municipality in the province of Rizal.<ref name="Mandaluyong.gov.ph"/>

In 1967, actor and Mandaluyong native Pancho Magalona ran for governor of Rizal under the Liberal Party, but was defeated by incumbent Nacionalista governor Isidro Rodriguez from Montalban (now Rodriguez).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The Martial Law era

Template:Main

Ambush of Juan Ponce Enrile

Template:Main Mandaluyong played a small part in Ferdinand Marcos' efforts to rationalize his declaration of Martial law because the alleged 1972 ambush of Juan Ponce Enrile took place in Wack Wack, an exclusive neighborhood in Mandaluyong, in the hours immediately preceding its implementation.<ref>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Dead link</ref> Because the alleged ambush took place in an exclusive subdivision, no independent eyewitnesses of the event have come forward, and witnesses of the immediate aftermath are few.<ref name="PhoenixLopez">Template:Cite book</ref> This has lent credence to accounts which say that the ambush was faked, and that the site was selected specifically because it was easy to stage the incident there.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="PDItrueorfalse">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The 14-year period which followed that night is remembered for the Marcos administration's record of human rights abuses,<ref name="McCoy199909202">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Abinales&Amoroso20052">Template:Cite book</ref> particularly targeting political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship.<ref name="Rappler7Youth">Template:Cite news</ref>

Industrial growth and government takeover efforts

A prominent figure in Philippine business before Martial Law was Mandaluyong-based industrialist Domingo M. Guevara Sr., whose success began when he created Radiowealth, a brand of affordable Philippine-made appliances including radios and televisions.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> This eventually became the Mandaluyong-based Guevara Enterprises which dominated the fields of electronics, communications, agriculture and industrial development, transportation, and manufacturing in the Philippines, whose headquarters was on Libertad (now D.M. Guevarra).<ref name="DMGStory">Template:Cite book</ref> National Artist Nick Joaquin noted that Guevara's projects - which included the manufacturing the "Sakbayan," which was the ever first Philippine-made car - brought the Philippine economy to the verge of Newly Industrialized Country status in the years before Martial Law.<ref name="Pelaez-Marfori">Template:Cite web</ref> However, the growth of Guevara's businesses stopped when he refused to surrender control of his businesses to President Ferdinand Marcos during Martial Law,<ref name="DMGStory"/> and Marcos retaliated by making it difficult for Guevarra to do business.<ref name="DMGStory"/><ref name="Pelaez-Marfori"/>

Separation from Rizal province

Template:Main On November 7, 1975, Mandaluyong was formally included in newly established Metropolitan Manila by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 824<ref>"Template:Cite PH act"</ref> signed by President Ferdinand Marcos.

Cityhood

Template:Main By virtue of the 1987 Constitution, Mandaluyong and the then-municipality of San Juan were represented in Congress by a single congressman.

San Juan–Mandaluyong Representative Ronaldo Zamora sponsored a House Bill which eventually became Republic Act No. 7675<ref>Template:Cite PH act</ref> otherwise known as "An Act Converting the Municipality of Mandaluyong into a Highly Urbanized City to be known as the City of Mandaluyong." President Fidel V. Ramos signed R.A. No. 7675 into law on February 9, 1994 (the 49th anniversary of its liberation from the Japanese), which was ratified through a plebiscite on April 10, 1994, making Mandaluyong the fifth city in Metro Manila. Mandaluyong became a lone district with its own representative in Congress. Prior to the enactment of the assailed statute, the municipalities of Mandaluyong and San Juan belonged to only one legislative district.

Contemporary

Mandaluyong today is composed of 27 barangays divided into two political districts mainly by Boni Avenue and G. Aglipay Street.

In 2002, Mandaluyong was recognized as "The Tiger City of the Philippines" because of the dramatic improvement in the city's economy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Geography

Mandaluyong lies on a heart-shaped<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Convert<ref name="arearef1">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="arearef2">Template:Cite web</ref> of land, Template:Convert southeast of Manila and Template:Convert west of Pasig. To the south lies Makati across Pasig River, To the southeast lies Taguig also across Pasig River, to the northwest, San Juan, and to the northeast, Quezon City. Thus, Mandaluyong is located at the center of Metro Manila.

Barangays

File:Ph fil mandaluyong barangay.png
Political map of Mandaluyong

Mandaluyong is politically subdivided into 27 barangays.

District Barangay Barangay
Chairman 		Land Area
(has.)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> 		Population
(2007)<ref name=census07>Template:Cite web</ref> 		Population
(2010)<ref name="2010 census">Template:Cite web</ref> 		Population
(2015)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> 		Population
(2020)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
1 Addition Hills Carlito Cernal 162.00 81,221 86,731 99,058 108,896
1 Bagong Silang Kristofer Dominguez 14.26 3,747 4,652 5,572 4,939
2 Barangka Drive Darwin Fernandez 24.54 12,134 12,227 13,310 15,474
2 Barangka Ibaba Edwin Santa Maria 16.92 9,372 9,241 9,540 9,040
2 Barangka Ilaya Joselito Pangilinan 47.45 4,185 5,049 17,896 22,334
2 Barangka Itaas Ronaldo Camacho 17.21 11,212 11,061 11,252 11,242
2 Buayang Bato Reynaldo Nobela 7.26 999 1,340 1,782 2,913
1 Burol Dan Carl De Guzman 2.78 2,322 2,606 2,740 2,650
1 Daang Bakal Richard Bassig 17.34 2,980 3,931 3,660 4,529
1 Hagdan Bato Itaas Merlyn Espiritu 18.36 9,431 10,102 10,314 10,267
1 Hagdan Bato Libis Danilo Torres 15.48 6,241 6,716 6,962 6,715
1 Harapin Ang Bukas Federico Ogbac 4.89 4,069 4,073 4,496 4,244
1 Highway Hills Maria Corazon Abalos 105.12 18,682 22,684 28,703 43,267
2 Hulo Joseph Jose 29.30 20,850 21,107 27,515 31,335
2 Mabini–J.Rizal Antonio Castañeda 11.88 4,826 6,773 7,628 7,882
2 Malamig Cynthia Caluya 29.52 6,898 7,007 12,667 12,054
1 Mauway Froilo Achilles Evangelista 19.25 21,700 25,129 29,103 25,800
2 Namayan Victor Francisco 30.60 4,846 5,706 6,123 7,670
1 New Zañiga Elizabeth Cruz 21.96 5,413 6,354 7,534 8,444
2 Old Zañiga Alex Lacson 42.48 6,674 7,712 7,013 6,636
1 Pag-Asa Conrado Angga Jr. 12.60 3,112 3,688 4,053 4,195
2 Plainview Nerissa Garcia 115.92 24,706 24,396 26,575 29,378
1 Pleasant Hills Marc Renniel Evangelista 20.33 6,495 5,648 5,910 6,003
1 Poblacion Elmer Jose Malabanan 24.12 14,778 15,191 14,733 16,333
2 San Jose Joan Batan 3.80 7,629 7,041 7,262 8,483
2 Vergara Ernesto Mendiola 15.12 4,928 4,645 5,910 4,357
1 Wack-Wack Greenhills Margarita Climaco 294.48 6,126 7,889 8,965 10,678

Climate

Mandaluyong's climate is classified as tropical. In winter, there is much less rainfall in Mandaluyong than in summer. This climate is considered to be Aw according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The temperature here averages Template:Convert. In a year, the average rainfall is Template:Convert. Precipitation is the lowest in February, with an average of Template:Convert. With an average of Template:Convert, the most precipitation falls in August. At an average temperature of Template:Convert, May is the hottest month of the year. January has the lowest average temperature of the year. It is Template:Convert. Between the driest and wettest months, the difference in precipitation is Template:Convert. During the year, the average temperatures vary by Template:Convert.

Template:Weather box

Demographics

Template:Philippine Census As of the 2020 census, Mandaluyong has a population of 425,758 residents and a population density of approximately Template:Convert.Template:PH census Residents of Mandaluyong are referred to as "Mandaleños,"<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> with almost all being Filipinos of various ethnicities.

Mandaluyong is predominantly Roman Catholic, with a minority distributed among religious denominations including the Iglesia ni Cristo, Evangelical Christianity, Protestantism, Jehovah’s Witness, and Philippine Independent Church.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

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Economy

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File:Mandaluyong-edsa-crossing-shaw-2012.JPG
Intersection of EDSA and Shaw Boulevard

The city is home to a number of shopping centers, entertainment hubs, commercial establishments, high-rise offices, residential condominiums and hotels. The city is one of the important business and financial areas in the metropolis.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Commercial activities

File:Mandaluyong City View (cropped).jpg
Various buildings in the southern part of Mandaluyong.

Like other cities in Metro Manila, Mandaluyong has its own share of commercial strips and a central business district. The former commercial area, consisting mostly of banks, offices and service establishments, stretch along public transport routes thereby serving both local consumers and passers-by from the neighboring localities. Major commercial strips of the city include the stretch of Boni Avenue, Shaw Boulevard, Libertad-Sierra Madre area, Kalentong, San Francisco, part of Felix Martinez Lorenzo or F. Martinez Ave, Sgt. Bumatay towards Barangka Drive and Pinatubo towards EDSA. Mandaluyong's central business district is concentrated on the EDSA-Shaw-Pioneer area; it includes the Greenfield District development.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Industrial activities

File:TV5 Media Center - reliance side (Reliance cor. Sheridan, Mandaluyong; 2017-01-06).jpg
TV5 Media Center

Industrial activities are mostly concentrated within the Shaw Boulevard-Pioneer area and along the Pasig River. Although prominent in the manufacture of foods, medicines and laboratory equipment, these industries are gradually declining in number, opting to relocate in newly developed industrial zones outside Metropolitan Manila. In the Pasig River area, particularly in Barangays Namayan and Mabini–J. Rizal, areas formerly industrial are now the sites for residential subdivisions and townhouses. In the EDSA-Shaw-Pioneer area, the transformation is toward a more economically profitable and globally competitive commercial activity. And since December 2013, Mandaluyong is the home of one of the largest television networks in the country TV5 and one of the largest pay TV operator Cignal TV (both owned by the PLDT-backed firm MediaQuest Holdings located at the TV5 Media Center which also serving as the master playout facility of CNN Philippines' successor RPTV), along with both the master playout facility of Solar Entertainment Corporation and the relay playout facility of RPTV (located at the Worldwide Corporate Center which also housed the main offices of companies owned by real estate magnate, former Senator, and All TV's owner Manny Villar and formerly the Nine Media Corporation-owned news channel CNN Philippines), and several radio stations associated to the Vera Group (Mellow 94.7, Magic 89.9, 99.5 Play FM, All Radio 103.5, DWBL and the now-defunct DWSS, all are located at the Paragon Plaza).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Shopping centers

File:04009jfGeneral Kalentong Street MarketPlace Landmarks Mandaluyong Cityfvf 19.jpg
Marketplace Shopping Mall

These super-regional supermalls each have over a hundred local and international stores and are anchored by at least one department store and supermarket or hypermarket. They are the largest malls in Metro Manila which feature not just stores but also such attractions as movie theaters, rides, skating rinks, bowling alleys and other recreational facilities. Each provides thousands of automobile parking spaces and are located mostly near rail stations and established business districts within the metropolis. These malls serve not only the Metro Manila and Greater Manila Area residents, but also local and foreign tourists. Among the malls in the city are Shangri-La Plaza, SM Megamall, The Podium, St. Francis Square, Starmall EDSA-Shaw, SM Cherry Shaw, The Marketplace Shopping Mall (the site of the Mandaluyong Public Market), Shaw Center Mall, four strip malls at the Greenfield District, and pocket malls at residential condominiums.Template:Citation needed

The city is also home to Puregold Shaw, the supermarket chain's inaugural branch that opened in 1998.<ref name="LucioAndSusanCo">Template:Cite news</ref>

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Government

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File:Mandaluyong City Hall (Maysilo, Mandaluyong; 06-20-2021).jpg
Mandaluyong City Hall
File:0204jfBarangays Maysilo Circle Monuments Plainview Mandaluyong Hallsfvf 18.jpg
Mandaluyong Hall of Justice

Incumbent city officials

Position Candidate Party
Representative
Template:Small 		Alexandria P. Gonzales Template:Party name with colour
Mayor Carmelita Abalos Template:Party name with colour
Vice Mayor Antonio D. Suva Jr. Template:Party name with colour
City Councilors
Template:Small
Charisse Marie A. Abalos-Vargas Template:Party name with colour
Anjelo Elton P. Yap Template:Party name with colour
Danilo L. De Guzman Template:Party name with colour
Carissa Mariz S. Manalo Template:Party name with colour
Grace Marie V. Antonio Template:Party name with colour
Estanislao V. Alim III Template:Party name with colour
Template:Small
Benjamin A. Abalos III Template:Party name with colour
Alexander C. Sta. Maria Template:Party name with colour
Michael Eric G. Cuejilo Template:Party name with colour
Fernando S. Ocampo Template:Party name with colour
Reginald S. Antiojo Template:Party name with colour
Leslie F. Cruz Template:Party name with colour
ABC President Darwin Fernandez
SK President Aeron Sedrick Mangaliag

Mayors of Mandaluyong

Listed below are persons who have served as mayors (previously municipal president) of Mandaluyong.

# Mayor Dates in Office Notes
1 Buenaventura Domingo 1901 First municipal president of San Felipe Neri
2 Dr. Antonio Fernando 1902
3 Januario Coronado 1902
4 Miguel Vergara 1902
5 Pantaleón Blas 1903 First Municipal president since the annexation of San Juan del Monte<ref name="glimpses-history-san-juan">Template:Cite book</ref>
6 Claro Castañeda 1905 Last Municipal president while San Juan de Monte was part of San Felipe Neri<ref name="glimpses-history-san-juan" />
7 Apolinar Coronado 1907–1909
* Januario Coronado 1909–1912
8 Marcelo Lerma 1912–1916
9 Mariano Castañeda 1916–1922
10 Clemente Fernando 1922–1925
11 Gregorio Pedro 1925–1928
* Clemente Fernando 1928–1934 First municipal mayor of the renamed Mandaluyong
12 Isaac López 1935–1939
13 Ponciano Enriquez 1940
14 Pedro Cruz 1941–1944; 1946 District Chief of Mandaluyong under the City of Greater Manila (1941–1944)<ref name=citygazette>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
15 Primo Guzman 1945
16 Bonifacio Javier 1946–1955
* Pedro Cruz 1956–1959
* Bonifacio Javier 1960–1962
17 Amado T. Reyes 1963
18 Melchor T. Arcangel 1963 Acting Mayor
19 Macario Trinidad 1963 Acting Mayor
20 Filemòn Javier 1964–1971
21 Renato Lòpez 1972–1980
22 Ernesto Domingo 1980–1986
* Benjamin Abalos Sr. 1986–1987 Acting (Officer in Charge) mayor
* Román de los Santos 1987–1988 Acting (Officer in Charge) mayor
23 Benjamin Abalos Sr. 1988–1998 First city mayor
24 Benjamin Abalos Jr. 1998–2004
25 Neptali Gonzales II 2004–2007
* Benjamin Abalos Jr. 2007–2016
26 Carmelita Abalos 2016–2022 First female mayor
* Benjamin Abalos Sr. 2022–2025
* Carmelita Abalos 2025–present

History of the Seal of Mandaluyong

Transportation

File:Mandaluyong City 2.JPG
Shaw Boulevard, one of the major thoroughfares in the city

The city is provided with good access roads to and from adjacent cities in Metro Manila through main roads such as the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA), Ortigas Avenue and Shaw Boulevard.<ref name="Transportation">Template:Cite web</ref>

Land

File:02381jfBarangays EDSA Barangka Ilaya Boni Avenue Tunnel Mandaluyong Cityfvf 02.jpg
Boni-Pioneer Underpass

Mandaluyong is primarily served by a public road network consisting of Template:Convert concrete and asphalt roads. With a total road density of Template:Convert per Template:Convert of land, the city is considered to be over-served with roads.<ref name="Transportation"/>

The city is mainly served by EDSA, Metro Manila's main thoroughfare. Considered as the heart of the metropolis, main roads such as Ortigas Avenue and Shaw Boulevard provide inter-city linkages, while Boni Avenue and F. Martinez Street serve as alternate routes in the city.<ref name="Transportation"/> Other major roads in Mandaluyong include the Boni-Pioneer Underpass, a Template:Convert tunnel underneath EDSA connecting Boni Avenue on its western-end and Pioneer Street on the east. and Julia Vargas Avenue in Ortigas Center. Jeepneys are one of the most common modes of public transportation for commuters in the city. Aside from jeepneys, tricycles and pedicabs are also one of the important modes of public transportation in Mandaluyong, especially on alleys around the city.

Water

The presence of the Pasig River stretching along the south border of Mandaluyong provides an alternative route and mode of public transportation mainly for cargo freight of industries along the river, and for commuters seeking for a faster and more direct route to and from the cities of Pasig and Manila.<ref name="Transportation"/> The Pasig River Ferry Service has one station in the city.

Railway

File:MRT-3 Train Shaw Boulevard 1.jpg
MRT Line 3 train leaving Shaw Boulevard station

The city is also served by rail via the Manila Metro Rail Transit System Line 3 (MRT-3), located along EDSA. The city is served by the three MRT-3 stations of Ortigas, Shaw Boulevard, and Boni.

Philippine National Railways once served Mandaluyong through its defunct Santa Mesa–Antipolo branch until the bridge that carried it across the San Juan River collapsed in 1982.

Healthcare

Template:See also

File:05732jfNational Center for Mental Health Mauway Pleasant Hills Mandaluyong Cityfvf 12.jpg
The National Center for Mental Health

Mandaluyong has several private and public hospitals & health center, namely the privately owned Dr. Victor R. Potenciano Medical Center along EDSA and Unciano General Hospital, and the government hospital Mandaluyong City Medical Center. The city is also home to the National Center for Mental Health. Many residents, specifically the middle-to-upper class medical clientele, visit the nearby The Medical City in Ortigas Center, Pasig.

In 2007, the Mandaluyong city government, together with non-governmental organization Rehabilitation and Empowerment of Adults and Children (REACH) Foundation, established a community-based rehabilitation program called Project Therapy, Education, and Assimilation of Children with Handicap (TEACH), that caters to children with special needs coming from indigent families. Services given by Project TEACH include free occupational therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy and special education classes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Education

File:LSGHcampus.jpg
St. Benilde Gymnasium in La Salle Green Hills

Four well-known educational institutions in the city are the Arellano University – Plaridel Campus, Don Bosco Technical College, José Rizal University and Rizal Technological University.

A good number of city officials of Mandaluyong are alumni of Don Bosco,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> including incumbent Mayor, Benjamin Abalos Jr. (HS '79);<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> former Vice Mayor, Renato Santa Maria (HS '65);<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> City Councilors Edward Bartolome (HS '96),<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Noel Bernardo (HS '79),<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and Jonathan Abalos (HS '85).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Other notable alumni include rapper Francis Magalona (HS '81);<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and actor Ricky Davao (HS '78).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Meanwhile, the alumni of JRU that includes President Ramon Magsaysay, Roderick Paulate, and Armand Fabella. Other colleges in the city include the Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges (specializing in Medicine and Nursing), STI and AMA (both specializing in Computer Technology education, both located on Shaw Boulevard), NAMEI Polytechnic Institute (specializing in Marine Sciences), and the International Baptist College.

The city is also home to Lourdes School of Mandaluyong (est. 1911), a Franciscan-Marian all-boys school, located in the Ortigas Center district managed by the OFM Capuchins; La Salle Green Hills (est. 1959), a private co-educational school, managed by the De La Salle Brothers, located along Ortigas Avenue; and Saint Pedro Poveda College (est. 1960), another all-girls institution, offering pre-school, grade school, high school, and college education. Although the official school address is Quezon City, part of the lot Poveda's campus stands on is under Mandaluyong.

Mandaluyong High School (est. 1977) is the oldest public high school in the city. City of Mandaluyong Science High School (est. 1996) is a public science high school on E. Pantaleon Street. The city has 18 public schools, including primary and secondary schools, all under the supervision of Department of Education's Schools Division Office (SDO) of Mandaluyong. The Mataas Na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales, named after Mandaluyong native and former Senator Neptali Gonzales, is the largest school in Mandaluyong and the only school in the city with the STEM high school program.

International relations

Diplomatic missions

Countries that have set up permanent missions or embassies in the city include:

Sister cities

National

Notable personalities

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See also

Notes

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References

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