Manfreda

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Template:Italic title Manfreda was a genus of flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Along with Polianthes, members are commonly called tuberoses. The generic name honours 14th-century Italian writer Manfredus de Monte Imperiale.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Manfreda species, like those in related genera Agave and Polianthes, have rosettes of leaves branching from a very short stem, and flowers at the end of a long stalk. The flowers are tubular and whitish, yellow, green, or brownish, with lengthy stamens.

Taxonomy

Manfreda and close relatives have long presented significant taxonomic difficulty. With the advent of DNA sequencing, new karyologic and evolutionary phylogenetic studies showed that Manfreda, along with Polianthes and Prochnyanthes, were genetically nested within the traditional circumscription of Agave, rendering that genus paraphyletic.<ref name="Thiede"/> Early in the 21st century, these new phylogenetic results led to a reclassification of to include Manfreda, Polianthes and Prochnyanthes together as Agave subgenus Manfreda.<ref name="Thiede"/>

There was reaction against the changes from those who noted that the large morphological differences between the genera in this new Agave s.l. making them "counter-intuitive from a horticultural point of view".<ref name="PBSPolianthes"/> Manfreda morphologically differs from the classic Agave description in being herbaceous and bulbous.<ref name="PBSManfreda"/> Thus, based on a wider consideration of previously established genetic, morphological, and estimated genetic divergence times, Vázquez-García et al. proposed a narrower circumscription of Agave,<ref name="Vazquez3"/><ref name="Avent"/> paving the way for a reconsideration of Manfreda as a genus.<ref name="Vazquez3"/><ref name="Avent"/>

Species

Plants of the World Online currently accepts 38 species in genus Manfreda,<ref name = powo/> listed here with their Agave synonyms.<ref name=WCSP_Manfreda>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Div col

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References

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