Maquoketa Caves State Park

Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox park Maquoketa Caves State Park is a state park of Iowa, United States, located in Jackson County. It stands northwest of the city of Maquoketa. In 1991, Template:Convert on the east side of the park were listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.

Description

The park contains more caves than any other state park in Iowa.<ref name=parksARCHIVED/> A trail system links the caves, formations, and overlooks while providing a scenic hiking experience. Many areas on these trails have seen new construction, making the journey to the caves safer.Template:Citation needed Most of the caves may be entered by persons of average physical ability, but some are more advanced. However the park's caves were closed to humans between 2010 and April 2012 in the hopes of protecting the resident bats from white nose syndrome.Template:Citation needed

The park is in the Driftless Area of Iowa. This region escaped being glaciated in the last ice age, while regions to the east and west were not spared. The park has been subjected to hundreds of thousands of years of natural non-glacial erosion.Template:Citation needed

The park's caves, limestone formations and rugged bluffs represent a step back in geological time of thousands of years. Stalactites once hung from the ceilings and stalagmites rose from the floor. Souvenir hunters have robbed the caves of this rare beauty, but many formations remain. The park's limestone caves, arches and chimneys including Dancehall Cave, Hernado's Hideaway, Shinbone Cave, Wye Cave, and an unmarked cave within the Dancehall Cavern locally known as Steelgate Cave.

The park's interpretive center, formerly known as Sager’s Museum, has displays on the geology of cave formations and park history.<ref name=parks/>

History

Artifacts such as pottery, as well as tools and projectile points made of stone have been found in the caves and surrounding area. These discoveries indicate that the Maquoketa Caves area has been of interest to humans for hundreds, perhaps thousands, of years. Early recorded history tells that the Native Americans in the area were likely visitors to the Raccoon Creek valleys. The first Euro-American explorers first visited the caves as late as the mid-1830s. The area was originally known as Morehead Caves or Burt's Cave.<ref name=Conard>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} with Template:NRHP url</ref> It had become a popular place for exploration, picnics, parties, and dances by the 1860s.<ref name="Lovell-1918">Template:Citation</ref> A dance floor was constructed north of Natural Bridge in 1868, and a pavilion, which was used until the 1920s, was built sometime later. By the turn of the 20th century the area had become seriously degraded, and its popularity declined.

The first park land was purchased in 1921 by the Maquoketa Women's Club for the purposes of establishing a state park. Originally called Morehead Caves State Park, its name was changed to Maquoketa Caves in 1928.<ref name=Conard/> Additional land was acquired in 1931. Template:Citation needed The majority of the park facilities were constructed from 1932 to 1939 by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Both programs resulted from the federal government effort to make work for Americans during the Great Depression. Their work makes up the contributing properties of the historic district. They include three CCC overlook shelters, the entrance portals, the custodian's residence, the shelter house/concession building, the stone picnic circle, and two stone latrines. The noncontributing structures in the park include the CCC/WPA cave improvements, the CCC/WPA trail system, the park ranger's residence, a picnic shelter, and two wood-frame latrines.<ref name=Conard/> State Landscape Architect John Fitzsimmons designed the custodian's residence. It and the other historic structures designed by the Central Design Office in Ames, Iowa were built in the Rustic style, which was promulgated by the National Park Service in the 1930s as being appropriate for parks.<ref name=Conard/>

In 1944, the Maquoketa River flooded with a historic discharge of 48,000 cubic feet per second.<ref name="Notes-Iowa-Ep36">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Citation</ref> Several of the caves were inundated with the water carving holes up to eight feet deep and damaging the lighting system. Repairs were conducted over several years and completed in 1949.<ref name="Notes-Iowa-Ep36"/>

The State of Iowa purchased an additional Template:Convert on the west side of the park between 1961 and 1981. This section was dedicated as a nature preserve.<ref name=Conard/>

In popular culture

The park was once featured on an episode of Rescue 911 when a story was done on a hiker who had fallen and was seriously injured while at the park. The hiker was saved by paramedics and the Maquoketa volunteer fire department.

In the news

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} In the early morning of July 22, 2022, an assailant killed three members of a family at the campground. The assailant, identified as 23-year-old Anthony Sherwin of Nebraska, later committed suicide.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

See also

• List of Iowa state parks

External links

• Maquoketa Caves State Park Iowa Department of Natural Resources
• Maquoketa Caves State Park Map Iowa Department of Natural Resources

Template:IA Parks Template:NRHP in Jackson County, Iowa