Marathon world record progression
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World records in the marathon are ratified by World Athletics, the international governing body for the sport of athletics.Template:Citation needed
Kenyan athlete Kelvin Kiptum set a men's world record time of 2:00:35 on October 8, 2023, at the 2023 Chicago Marathon, a mixed-sex race.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Kenyan athlete Ruth Chepng'etich broke the women's world record with a time of 2:09:56 on October 13, 2024, at the 2024 Chicago Marathon, a mixed-sex race.<ref >Template:Cite news</ref>
In addition to the standard women's marathon world record, World Athletics also recognizes a second world record for women in the "Women Only" category, meaning that the marathon was run on a course without any male athletes in the competition. The current "Women Only" record of 2:15:50 was set by Tigst Assefa on April 27, 2025, at the London Marathon in the elite women's race.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
History
Marathon races were first held in 1896, but the distance was not standardized by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF, now World Athletics) until 1921.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The actual distance for pre-1921 races frequently varied from the 1921 standard of 42.195 km (26 miles 385 yards). In qualifying races for the 1896 Summer Olympics, Greek runners Charilaos Vasilakos (3:18:00) and Ioannis Lavrentis (3:11:27) won the first two modern marathons.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> On April 10, 1896, Spiridon Louis of Greece won the first Olympic marathon in Athens, Greece, in a time of 2:58:50.<ref name="IOC1896">Template:Cite web</ref> However, the distance for the event was 40,000 meters.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Refn Three months later, British runner Len Hurst won the inaugural Paris to Conflans Marathon (also around 40 km) in a time of 2:31:30.<ref name="The origins of the marathon">Template:Cite web</ref> In 1900, Hurst would better his time on the same course with a 2:26:28 performance.Template:Refn
Later, Shizo Kanakuri of Japan was reported to have set a world record of 2:32:45 in a November 1911 domestic qualification race for the 1912 Summer Olympics, but this performance was also run over a distance of approximately 40 km.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Refn
The first marathon over the official distance was won by American Johnny Hayes at the 1908 Summer Olympics, with a time of 2:55:18.4.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
It is possible that Stamata Revithi, who ran the 1896 Olympic course a day after Louis, is the first woman to run the modern marathon; she is said to have finished in Template:Frac hours.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> World Athletics credits Violet Piercy's 1926 performance as the first woman to race the standard marathon distance; however, other sources report that the 1918 performance of Marie-Louise Ledru in the Tour de Paris set the initial mark for women.Template:Sfn<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Fast Tracks: The History of Distance Running Since 884 B.C. by Raymond Krise, Bill Squires. (1982).</ref><ref>Endurance by Albert C. Gross. (1986)</ref> Other "unofficial" performances have also been reported to be world bests or world records over time: although her performance is not recognized by World Athletics, Adrienne Beames from Australia is frequently credited as the first woman to break the three-hour barrier in the marathon.<ref name="timeline">Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Refn
In the 1953 Boston Marathon, the top three male finishers were thought to have broken the standing world record,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> but Keizo Yamada's mark of 2:18:51 is considered to have been set on a short course of 25.54 miles (41.1 km).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Boston Athletic Association also does not report Yamada's performance as a world best for this reason.<ref name="BAA">114th B.A.A Boston Marathon Official Program. April 19, 2010.</ref>
On October 25, 1981, American Alberto Salazar and New Zealander Allison Roe set apparent world bests at the New York City Marathon (2:08:13 and 2:25:29), however, these marks were invalidated when the course was later found to have been 151 meters short.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="NYC1">Template:Cite web</ref> Although World Athletics' progression notes three performances set on the same course in 1978, 1979, and 1980 by Norwegian Grete Waitz, the Association of Road Racing Statisticians considers the New York City course suspect for those performances, too.<ref name="NYC2">Template:Cite web</ref>
On April 18, 2011, the Boston Marathon produced what were at that time the two fastest marathon performances in history. Winner Geoffrey Mutai of Kenya recorded a time of 2:03:02,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> followed by countryman Moses Mosop in 2:03:06. However, since the Boston course does not meet the criteria for record attempts (the starting line is too high relative to the finish), these times were not ratified by the IAAF.Template:Citation needed
Eight IAAF world records were set at the Polytechnic Marathon (1909, 1913, 1952–1954, 1963–1965).<ref name="ianridpath1">Template:Cite web</ref> WA-recognized world records have been broken at all of the original five World Marathon Majors on numerous occasions (updated 09/2022); twelve times at the Berlin Marathon, three times at the Boston Marathon, five times at the Chicago Marathon, six times at the London Marathon, and five times at the New York City Marathon. However, the records established in the Boston event have been disputed on grounds of a downhill point-to-point course, while four of the five New York records have been disputed on grounds of a short course.Template:Citation needed
Criteria for record eligibility
Template:See also For a performance to be ratified as a world record by World Athletics, the marathon course on which the performance occurred must be Template:Convert long,<ref name="iaaf_rules" /> measured in a defined manner using the calibrated bicycle method<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> (the distance in kilometers being the official distance; the distance in miles is an approximation) and meet other criteria that rule out artificially fast times produced on courses aided by downhill slope or tailwind.<ref name="Boston Herald">Template:Cite news</ref> The criteria include:
- "The start and finish points of a course, measured along a theoretical straight line between them, shall not be further apart than 50% of the race distance."<ref name="iaaf_rules">Template:Cite web</ref>
- "The decrease in elevation between the start and finish shall not exceed an average of one in a thousand (i.e., 1m per km)."<ref name="iaaf_rules" />
In recognizing Kenyan Geoffrey Mutai's mark of 2:03:02 at the 2011 Boston Marathon as (at the time) "the fastest Marathon ever run", the IAAF said: "Due to the elevation drop and point-to-point measurements of the Boston course, performances [on that course] are not eligible for World record consideration."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="iaaf_rules" /><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The Association of Road Racing Statisticians, an independent organization that compiles data from road running events, also maintains an alternate marathon world best progression but with standards they consider to be more stringent.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Women's world record changes
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The IAAF Congress, at the 2011 World Championships, passed a motion changing the record eligibility criteria effective October 6, 2007, so that women's world records must be set in all-women competitions.<ref name="Baldwin">Template:Cite news</ref> The result of the change was that Radcliffe's 2:17:42 performance at the 2005 London Marathon supplanted her own existing women's mark as the "world record"; the earlier performance is to be referred to as a "world best".<ref name="Baldwin" />
Per the 2021 IAAF Competition Rules, "a World Record for performance achieved in mixed sex ("Mixed") races and a World Record for performance achieved in single sex ("Women only") races" are tracked separately.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Unofficial record attempts
In December 2016, Nike, Inc., announced that three top distance runners — Eliud Kipchoge, Zersenay Tadese, and Lelisa Desisa — had agreed to forgo the spring marathon season to work with the company in an effort to run a sub-two-hour marathon.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The Breaking2 event took place in the early morning of May 6, 2017; Kipchoge crossed the finish line with a time of 2:00:25.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> This time was more than two minutes faster than the world record.<ref>Eliud Kipchoge falls 26 seconds short of first sub two-hour marathon Template:Webarchive, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 7-May-2017</ref>
Kipchoge took part in a similar attempt to break the two-hour barrier in Vienna on October 12, 2019, as part of the Ineos 1:59 Challenge. He successfully ran the first sub two-hour marathon distance, with a time of 1:59:40.2.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The effort did not count as a new world record under IAAF rules due to the setup of the challenge. Specifically, it was not an open event, Kipchoge was handed fluids by his support team throughout, the run featured a pace car, and included rotating teams of other runners pacing Kipchoge in a formation designed to reduce wind resistance and maximize efficiency.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The achievement was recognized by Guinness World Records with the titles 'Fastest marathon distance (male)' and 'First marathon distance run under two hours' instead of an official world record.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Men
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</timeline>
Table key:
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The edition of the marathon is linked on some of the dates.
| Time | Name | Nationality | Date | Event/Place | Source | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2:55:18.4 | Johnny Hayes | Template:Flagu | July 24, 1908 | London Olympics, England | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Time was officially recorded as 2:55:18 2/5.<ref name=IOC1908>Template:Cite web</ref> Italian Dorando Pietri finished in 2:54:46.4, but was disqualified for receiving assistance from race officials near the finish.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Note.<ref name="marathonguide1">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:52:45.4 | Robert Fowler | Template:Flagu | January 1, 1909 | Yonkers,Template:Refn United States | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide1"/> |
| 2:46:52.8 | James Clark | Template:Flagu | February 12, 1909 | New York City, United States | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide1"/> |
| 2:46:04.6 | Albert Raines | Template:Flagu | May 8, 1909 | New York City, United States | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide1"/> |
| 2:42:31.0 | Henry Barrett | Template:Flagu | May 8, 1909Template:Refn | Polytechnic Marathon, London, England | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide1"/> |
| 2:40:34.2 | Thure Johansson | Template:Flagu | August 31, 1909 | Stockholm, Sweden | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide1"/> |
| 2:38:16.2 | Harry Green | Template:Flagu | May 12, 1913 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide2">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:36:06.6 | Alexis Ahlgren | Template:Flagu | May 31, 1913 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Report in The Times claiming world record.<ref name="ianridpath3">Template:Cite web</ref> Note.<ref name="marathonguide2"/> |
| 2:38:00.8 | Umberto Blasi | Template:Flagu | November 29, 1914 | Legnano, Italy | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:32:35.8 | Hannes Kolehmainen | Template:Flagu | August 22, 1920 | Antwerp Olympics, Belgium | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | The course distance was officially reported to be 42,750 meters/26.56 miles,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> however, the Association of Road Racing Statisticians estimated the course to be 40 km.<ref name="arrs.run"/> |
| 2:29:01.8 | Albert Michelsen | Template:Flagu | October 12, 1925 | Port Chester Marathon, United States | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:30:57.6 | Harry Payne | Template:Flagu | July 5, 1929 | AAA Championships, London, England | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:26:14 | Sohn Kee-chung | Japanese Korea | March 21, 1935 | Tokyo, Japan | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | Also romanized as Kitei Son. |
| 2:27:49.0 | Fusashige Suzuki | Template:Flagu | March 31, 1935 | Tokyo, Japan | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | According to the Association of Road Racing Statisticians, Suzuki's 2:27:49 performance occurred in Tokyo on March 21, 1935, during a race in which he finished second to Sohn Kee-chung (sometimes referred to as Kee-Jung Sohn or Son Kitei) who ran a 2:26:14.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:26:44.0 | Yasuo Ikenaka | Template:Flagu | April 3, 1935 | Tokyo, Japan | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Note.<ref name="marathonguide3"/> |
| 2:26:42 | Sohn Kee-chung | Japanese Korea | November 3, 1935 | Meiji Shrine Games, Tokyo, Japan | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Also romanized as Kitei Son. Note.<ref name="marathonguide3">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:25:39 | Suh Yun-bok | Template:Flagdeco Korea | April 19, 1947 | Boston Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Disputed (short course).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Disputed (point-to-point).<ref name="Boston">The Association of Road Racing Statisticians does not consider performances on the Boston Marathon course to qualify for world record status due to the possibility that they could be aided by slope and/or tailwinds. (See [1] Template:Webarchive.) This mirrors the IAAF's current criteria regarding record eligible courses.</ref> Note.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:20:42.2 | Jim Peters | Template:Flagu | June 14, 1952 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | MarathonGuide.com states the course was slightly long.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Report in The Times claiming world record.<ref name="ianridpath2">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:18:40.4 | Jim Peters | Template:Flagu | June 13, 1953 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | Report in The Times claiming world record.<ref name="ianridpath2"/> |
| 2:18:34.8 | Jim Peters | Template:Flagu | October 4, 1953 | Turku Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:17:39.4 | Jim Peters | Template:GBR | June 26, 1954 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Point-to-point course.Template:Citation needed Report in The Times claiming world record.<ref name="ianridpath4">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:18:04.8 | Paavo Kotila | Template:Flagu | August 12, 1956 | Finnish Athletics Championships, Pieksämäki, Finland | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:15:17.0 | Sergei Popov | Template:Flagu | August 24, 1958 | European Athletics Championships, Stockholm, Sweden | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | The ARRS notes Popov's extended time as 2:15:17.6Template:Sfn |
| 2:15:16.2 | Abebe Bikila | Template:Flagu | September 10, 1960 | Rome Olympics, Italy | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | World record fastest marathon run in bare feet.<ref name="guinnessworldrecords1">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:15:15.8 | Toru Terasawa | Template:Flagu | February 17, 1963 | Beppu-Ōita Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:14:28 | Leonard Edelen | Template:Flagu | June 15, 1963 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Point-to-point course.Template:Citation needed Report in The Times claiming world record and stating that the course may have been long.<ref name="ianridpath5">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:14:43 | Brian Kilby | Template:Flagu | July 6, 1963 | Port Talbot, Wales | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:13:55 | Basil Heatley | Template:Flagu | June 13, 1964 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Point-to-point course.Template:Citation needed Report in The Times claiming world record.<ref name="ianridpath6">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:12:11.2 | Abebe Bikila | Template:Flagu | October 21, 1964 | Tokyo Olympics, Japan | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:12:00 | Morio Shigematsu | Template:JPN | June 12, 1965 | Polytechnic Marathon | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Point-to-point course.Template:Citation needed Report in The Times claiming world record.<ref name="ianridpath7">Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:09:36.4 | Derek Clayton | Template:Flagu | December 3, 1967 | Fukuoka Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:08:33.6 | Derek Clayton | Template:AUS | May 30, 1969 | Antwerp, Belgium | IAAFTemplate:Sfn | Disputed (short course).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:09:28.8 | Ron Hill | Template:Flagu | July 23, 1970 | Edinburgh Commonwealth Games, Scotland | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:09:12 | Ian Thompson | Template:Flagu | January 31, 1974 | Christchurch Commonwealth Games, New Zealand | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:09:05.6 | Shigeru So | Template:Flagu | February 5, 1978 | Beppu-Ōita Marathon | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:09:01 | Gerard Nijboer | Template:Flagu | April 26, 1980 | Amsterdam Marathon | ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:08:18 | Robert De Castella | Template:Flagu | December 6, 1981 | Fukuoka Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:08:05 | Steve Jones | Template:Flagu | October 21, 1984 | Chicago Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:07:12 | Carlos Lopes | Template:Flagu | April 20, 1985 | Rotterdam Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:06:50 | Belayneh Dinsamo | Template:Flagu | April 17, 1988 | Rotterdam Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:06:05 | Ronaldo da Costa | Template:Flagu | September 20, 1998 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | First time the 40K mark was passed under two hours (1:59:55).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:05:42 | Khalid Khannouchi | Template:Flagu | October 24, 1999 | Chicago Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:05:38 | Khalid Khannouchi | Template:Flagu | April 14, 2002 | London Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | First "World's Best" recognized by the International Association of Athletics Federations.<ref name="Stat Corner 2003, Page 50">"Stat Corner: First World Road Records," Track and Field News, Volume 56, No. 2, February 2003, Page 50</ref> The ARRS notes Khannouchi's extended time as 2:05:37.8Template:Sfn |
| 2:04:55 | Paul Tergat | Template:Flagu | September 28, 2003 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | First world record for the men's marathon ratified by the International Association of Athletics Federations.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> |
| 2:04:26 | Haile Gebrselassie | Template:Flagu | September 30, 2007 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | |
| 2:03:59 | Haile Gebrselassie | Template:Flagu | September 28, 2008 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF,Template:Sfn ARRSTemplate:Sfn | The ARRS notes Gebrselassie's extended time as 2:03:58.2.Template:Sfn Template:YouTube |
| 2:03:38 | Patrick Makau | Template:Flagu | September 25, 2011 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> ARRS<ref name="ARRS road progression 2016">Template:Cite web</ref> | |
| 2:03:23 | Wilson Kipsang | Template:Flagu | September 29, 2013 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> ARRS<ref name="ARRS road progression 2016"/> | The ARRS notes Kipsang's extended time as 2:03:22.2<ref name="ARRS road progression 2016"/> |
| 2:02:57 | Dennis Kimetto | Template:Flagu | September 28, 2014 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> ARRS<ref name="ARRS road progression 2016"/> | The ARRS notes Kimetto's extended time as 2:02:56.4<ref name="ARRS road progression 2016"/> |
| 2:01:39 | Eliud Kipchoge | Template:Flagu | September 16, 2018 | Berlin Marathon | IAAF<ref name="Kipchoge Berlin">Template:Cite web</ref> | |
| 2:01:09 | Eliud Kipchoge | Template:Flagu | September 25, 2022 | Berlin Marathon | World Athletics<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | |
| 2:00:35 | Kelvin Kiptum | Template:Flagu | October 8, 2023 | Chicago Marathon | World Athletics<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> | First man to break 2:01:00 in a record-eligible marathon. |
Women
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The chart is clipped at 2 hours 0 minutes (120 minutes, or 7200 seconds), and magnified by .05 (one pixel height equals 20 seconds) <# ImageSize = width:750 height:370 # The width can be changed without much harm (remember to change the PlotArea below too) PlotArea = width:700 height:150 left:40 bottom:20
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</timeline>
Table key:
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Gallery of world record holders
_Marathon_1936_Summer_Olympics.jpg){kind=link}
_2023.jpg){kind=link}
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See also
Men's Masters Records
- Masters M35 marathon world record progression
- Masters M40 marathon world record progression
- Masters M45 marathon world record progression
- Masters M50 marathon world record progression
- Masters M55 marathon world record progression
- Masters M60 marathon world record progression
- Masters M65 marathon world record progression
- Masters M70 marathon world record progression
- Masters M75 marathon world record progression
- Masters M80 marathon world record progression
- Masters M85 marathon world record progression
- Masters M90 marathon world record progression
Women's Masters Records
- Masters W35 marathon world record progression
- Masters W40 marathon world record progression
- Masters W45 marathon world record progression
- Masters W50 marathon world record progression
- Masters W55 marathon world record progression
- Masters W60 marathon world record progression
- Masters W65 marathon world record progression
- Masters W70 marathon world record progression
- Masters W75 marathon world record progression
- Masters W80 marathon world record progression
- Masters W85 marathon world record progression
- Masters W90 marathon world record progression
Notes
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References
Sources
External links
- 13th IAAF World Championships in Athletics – IAAF Statistics Handbook – Daegu 2011 (all 5 parts)
- Runner's World | What Will It Take to Run A 2-Hour Marathon?
- BBC – "Could a marathon ever be run in under two hours?"
- Interactive graph of men's and women's marathon times with race descriptions (outdated)