Marion County, Missouri

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Marion County is a county located in the northeastern portion of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,525.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Its county seat is Palmyra.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref> Unique from most third-class counties in the state, Marion has two county courthouses, the second located in Hannibal.<ref name="coweb">Template:Cite web</ref> The county was organized on December 23, 1826,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and named for General Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox," who was from South Carolina and served in the American Revolutionary War.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The area was known as the "Two Rivers Country" before organization. Marion County is part of the Hannibal, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Quincy-Hannibal, IL-MO Combined Statistical Area.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land, and Template:Convert (1.7%) is water.<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref>

Adjacent counties

Major roadways

Transit

Railroads

History

Marion County was created by the state legislature in 1845 from parts of Ralls and Shelby Counties. It was settled from Virginia and Kentucky by farmers looking for cheap farmland; some owned slaves. It was named after Francis Marion, a general in the Revolutionary War. The county seat is Palmyra, which was established in 1833. Hannibal became a locally important river port on the Mississippi. By the late 1800s, the county was the center of a thriving agricultural community. Tobacco was the main crop, though cotton, wheat, barley, oats, and hay were also grown. Livestock included horses, mules, and cattle.<ref>Thomas C. Hines, The History of Marion County, Missouri: A Narrative Account of Its Historical Progress, Its People and Its Principal Interests (1912).</ref>

The best known native son is Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens) born in 1835, in the village of Florida. His youthful experiences in Hannibal became the setting for the adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.<ref>Paul A. Shackel, "America’s home town: fiction, Mark Twain, and the re‐creation of Hannibal, Missouri." International Journal of Heritage Studies 17.3 (2011): 197-213. online</ref> Other prominent locals included Governor John S. Phelps, and Confederate General A.P. Morehead. The region was bitterly divided in the Civil War but Unionist elements prevailed. Palmyra was the site of a skirmish in 1862, and the county was the site of several other battles and raids. Today, Marion County continues to be primarily an agricultural county. It is home to a number of historic sites and buildings, with a major tourist industry focused on Mark Twain characters and settings.<ref>Robert L. Allen and F. Charles Petrillo, eds., History of Marion County, Missouri (1999).</ref>

Demographics

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2020 census

Marion County, Missouri – Racial and ethnic composition
Template:Nobold
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980<ref name=1980Census>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 1990<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 26,968 26,131 26,236 26,202 24,930 94.17% 94.40% 92.74% 91.04% 87.40%
Black or African American alone (NH) 1,334 1,239 1,303 1,400 1,363 4.66% 4.48% 4.61% 4.86% 4.78%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 40 68 66 46 67 0.14% 0.25% 0.23% 0.16% 0.23%
Asian alone (NH) 73 106 78 153 165 0.25% 0.38% 0.28% 0.53% 0.58%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x <ref>included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census</ref> x <ref>included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census</ref> 15 20 16 x x 0.05% 0.07% 0.06%
Other race alone (NH) 37 20 11 24 96 0.13% 0.07% 0.04% 0.08% 0.34%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x <ref>not an option in the 1980 Census</ref> x <ref>not an option in the 1990 Census</ref> 328 545 1,372 x x 1.16% 1.89% 4.81%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 186 118 252 391 516 0.65% 0.43% 0.89% 1.36% 1.81%
Total 28,638 27,682 28,289 28,781 28,525 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the census<ref name="GR2">Template:Cite web</ref> of 2010, there were 28,781 people, 11,066 households, and 7,524 families residing in the county. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 12,443 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 93.26% White, 4.62% Black or African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 1.32% from two or more races. Approximately 0.89% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 28.5% were German, 25.6% American, 11.0% Irish, and 10.3% English ancestry.

There were 11,066 households, out of which 33.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.50% were married couples living together, 11.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.00% were non-families. 28.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44, and the average family size was 2.98.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.70% under the age of 18, 9.50% from 18 to 24, 26.40% from 25 to 44, 21.70% from 45 to 64, and 16.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,774, and the median income for a family was $41,290. Males had a median income of $30,935 versus $20,591 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,964. About 9.30% of families and 12.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.30% of those under age 18 and 10.50% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Public schools

Private schools

Post-secondary

Public libraries

Hannibal Free Public Library<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Communities

Cities and towns

Census-designated place

Unincorporated communities

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Former communities

Politics

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State

Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2024 76.43% 9,887 21.54% 2,786 2.03% 263
2020 75.91% 10,082 22.70% 3,015 1.39% 185
2016 65.84% 8,484 31.86% 4,105 2.30% 297
2012 53.03% 6,380 44.83% 5,394 2.14% 257
2008 58.82% 7,341 39.77% 4,964 1.41% 176
2004 67.03% 8,292 31.77% 3,930 1.20% 148
2000 50.05% 5,832 48.88% 5,696 1.07% 125
1996 31.55% 3,388 66.68% 7,161 1.78% 191

Marion County is in Missouri's 5th district in the Missouri House of Representatives, represented by Lindell F. Shumake (R-Hannibal). Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end

All of Marion County is a part of Missouri's 18th District in the Missouri Senate; it is represented by Brian Munzlinger (R-Williamstown). Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end

Federal

Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end Marion County is included in Missouri's 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves (R-Tarkio) in the U.S. House of Representatives. Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end Template:Election box begin Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box candidate with party link Template:Election box end

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Historically a Democratic county in the 20th century, with the exception of Republican landslides in 1972 and 1984, Marion County has been reliably Republican since 2000. The last Democrat to receive 40% or more of the vote was Al Gore that same year.

Missouri presidential preference primary (2008)

Template:Main Former U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton (D-New York) received more votes, a total of 1,587, than any candidate from either party in Marion County during the 2008 presidential primary.

See also

References

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Further reading

  • History of Marion County, Missouri: written and compiled from the most authentic official and private sources (1884) full text

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