Martin Hannett

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English Template:Infobox musical artist James Martin Hannett (31 May 1948 – 18 April 1991), also known as Martin Zero, was an English record producer, musician, and an original partner and director at Tony Wilson's Factory Records. He was also a co-founder of the musicians' collective Music Force, and the record label Rabid in the late 1970s. He became especially associated with Joy Division. and also produced music by artists including the Durutti Column, A Certain Ratio, Magazine, John Cooper Clarke, New Order, Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, Basement 5, and Happy Mondays. His distinctive production style embraced atmospheric sounds and electronics.

Early life and education

James Martin Hannett<ref name="lawsuit">Template:Cite web</ref> was born in Manchester, England,<ref name="ltmrecordings">Template:Cite web</ref> on 31 May 1948.Template:Cn He grew up in a working-class, Catholic<ref name=interv>Template:Cite web</ref> family in Miles Platting, Manchester.<ref name="ltmrecordings"/>

He attended Corpus Christi school<ref name="jonsavage.com">Template:Cite web</ref> and Xaverian College in Rusholme.<ref name="jonsavage.com"/>

Hannett's uncle was a bass player and gave his nephew a bass guitar when he was 14.<ref name="jonsavage.com"/><ref name="Simmonds, Jeremy 2008"/>

In 1967,<ref name="jonsavage.com"/> he went to the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), where he earned a degree in chemistry but did not pursue the profession.<ref name=interv />

Career

In the early 1970s, Hannett co-founded a musicians' collective, Music Force, along with Tosh Ryan, Bruce Mitchell and others, and during this time organised gigs.<ref name=smbio/>

He played bass with Spider Mike King and as a member in a band called Paradox, in 1973, alongside Paul Young, later of Sad Café and Mike + The Mechanics.<ref name="jonsavage.com"/><ref name="Simmonds, Jeremy 2008">Template:Cite book</ref>

Hannett's production work began with the soundtrack for the animated film All Kinds of Heroes, written by future collaborator Steve Hopkins. By this time, he also began to mix live sound at pub gigs. Other early production works included Greasy Bear, Belt & Braces Road Show Band's eponymous album in 1975 and five songs from Pete Farrow's repertoire recorded at Pennine Studios, Oldham, later included on the compilation album Who Says There's No Beach in Stockport. Hannett attracted more musical attention in 1977, when, as Martin Zero, he produced the first independent punk rock record.<ref name="MojoMag">Template:Cite journal</ref> Buzzcocks' Spiral Scratch EP.<ref name="Larkinindie">Template:Cite book</ref> Under the same moniker he produced early records by punk poet John Cooper Clarke, whose Salford monotone was complemented by drum machines, simple synthesiser motifs and Hannett's bass playing. Jilted John's eponymous debut single was Hannett's first hit single as a producer.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=smbio>Template:Cite web</ref>

Having made some money running Music Force, Hannett and Ryan set up the independent record label Rabid Records, which released the debut single by Slaughter and the Dogs (also produced byh Hannett).<ref name=smbio/> It was also responsible for producing and releasing Clarke's first EP, Innocents EP (1977), and his first album, Où est la maison de fromage?, in 1978.<ref name=nme1978>Template:Cite web</ref>

Hannett then became closely associated with Joy Division, he drew influence from German krautrock producer Conny Plank who treated the recording studio as an instrument.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hannett's production of Joy Division albums and singles incorporated looping technology to treat musical notes with filters, echoes and delays.<ref name="Larkinindie"/> The Cargo Recording Studios in Rochdale were used for the recording of the Joy Division songs "Digital", "Glass", "Atmosphere", "Dead Souls" and "Ice Age". Hannett's unorthodox production methods resulted in drum sounds mixed with synthesisers that were complex and highly distinctive. According to Hannett: "There was a lot of space in [Joy Division's] sound. They were a gift to a producer, because they didn't have a clue. They didn't argue. A Factory Sample was the first thing I did with them. I think I'd had the new AMS delay line for about two weeks. It was called 'Digital'. It was heaven sent."<ref name =Mojo>Template:Cite journal</ref> He went on to produce all of Joy Division's studio recorded output, including their two albums Unknown Pleasures and Closer and single "Love Will Tear Us Apart",<ref name="Larkinindie"/> which became a hit following the suicide of lead singer Ian Curtis.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Hannett produced U2's first international single, "11 O'Clock Tick Tock", which was released in May 1980.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He was set to produce their debut album, Boy, but after the suicide of Curtis, Hannett was too distraught to work and backed out.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> A rift developed with Factory, leading Hannett to sue the label in 1982 over various financial matters. The dispute was settled out of court, and the lawsuit is listed as part of the Factory Records catalogue as FAC61.<ref name=lawsuit />

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Personal life and death

Martin Hannett's grave in Southern Cemetery, Manchester

After leaving Factory, Hannett's career declined due to his heavy use of alcohol and heroin.<ref name="Larkinindie"/> He later married his new partner Wendy. Hannett died on 18 April 1991 at the age of 42 in Manchester, as a result of heart failure. His headstone at Southern Cemetery, Manchester pays him tribute as being the creator of "The Manchester Sound". His children are listed on the headstone as James and Tania.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Legacy

Several weeks after his death, Factory Records released the compilation album Martin: The Work of Martin Hannett (FACT325) as a tribute, collecting his work as a producer.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2007, Colin Sharp published Who Killed Martin Hannett?,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a memoir based on interviews with Hannett's friends and collaborators. Sharp had previously been a member of The Durutti Column and was friends with Hannett during his time in the Manchester scene.

Hannett was portrayed by Andy Serkis in the 2002 film 24 Hour Party People, a fictionalised depiction of Tony Wilson's career as the co-founder of Factory Records and The Haçienda nightclub. In the DVD commentary for the film, Wilson notes a review that described Hannett as Serkis's "strangest role" and points out that the actor is best known for his portrayal of Gollum in Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings trilogy. Wilson concludes that the reviewer's implication is correct, that indeed, Hannett was far stranger than the Lord of the Rings character. Hannett was portrayed by Ben Naylor in Anton Corbijn's 2007 film Control, a biopic of Ian Curtis.

A film documentary about Hannett's life was released on DVD on the 23rd anniversary of his death on 10 April 2014. A book was released on the same day, Martin Hannett – Pleasures of the Unknown by Chris Hewitt.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Another book by Hewitt, Martin Hannett, His Equipment and Strawberry Studios, was published on 26 January 2016 to coincide with the 50th anniversary of Strawberry Recording Studios, where Hannett recorded with Joy Division.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Selected discography

Albums produced

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Singles and EPs produced

Compilations

  • Martin: The Work of Martin Hannett (Factory Records, 1991)
  • And Here is the Young Man (Debutante, 1998)
  • Zero: A Martin Hannett Story 1977–1991' (Big Beat, 2006)
  • Martin Hannett: Maverick Producer, Genius and Musician (Ozit Morpheus Records Sept 2011)

References

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