Masonite
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Masonite, also called Quartboard or pressboard,<ref>Masonite: insulation, presdwood, quartboard, lath, tempered presdwood, tempritile, cushioned flooring. (1935)</ref> is a type of engineered wood made of steam-cooked and pressure-molded wood or paper fibers. The fibers form a stiff, dense material in a range of weights.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The process was formulated and patented by American inventor William H. Mason.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Masonite has been widely used in traditional school and office products such as spiral-bound notebooks and three-ring binders, but its unique physical characteristics lend themselves readily to a variety of end-uses, including (but not limited to) document storage, filing supplies (classification and file folders), report covers, folding cartons, tags, labels, and industrial applications.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
History
In 1898, a product resembling Masonite (hardboard) was first made in England by hot-pressing waste paper.<ref name="Akers, 1966, p. x">Akers, 1966, p. x</ref>
In 1924, Masonite was patented in Laurel, Mississippi,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> by William H. Mason, who was a friend and protégé of Thomas Edison.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 1929, the company initiated mass production of its product.Template:Fact
In the 1930s and 1940s, Masonite was used for applications including doors, roofing, walls, desktops, guitars (e.g., Danelectro), and canoes. It was sometimes used for house siding. Similar "tempered hardboard" is now a generic product made by many forest product companies.Template:Fact
In 1972, the Masonite Corporation entered the door business as a supplier of facings.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 1982, the Masonite Corporation spun off its timber property. In 1984, USG acquired Masonite.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1988, USG sold Masonite to International Paper.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In 2001, the Masonite Corporation was purchased by Premdor Corporation, a door maker, from its former parent International Paper. It no longer supplies generic hardboard.Template:Fact
Production
Masonite is formed using the Mason method,<ref>Template:US patent and Template:US patent.</ref> in which wood chips are disintegrated by saturating them with Template:Convert steam, then increasing the steam or air pressure to Template:Convert and suddenly releasing them through an orifice to atmospheric pressure. Forming the fibers into boards on a screen, the boards are then pressed and heated to form the finished product with a smooth burnished finish. (Later a dry process with two burnished surfaces was also used.) The original lignin in the wood serves to bond the fibers without any added adhesive. The long fibers give Masonite a high bending strength, tensile strength, density, and stability. Unlike other composite wood panels, no formaldehyde-based resins are used to bind the fibers in Masonite.Template:Fact
Materials
Masonite may contain recycled fiber content (including post-consumer waste), and is typically itself recyclable and biodegradable, making it an environmentally-sound choice for those seeking an alternative to petroleum-derived substrates.
Masonite has also been made from cornstalks.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Use
Artists have often used it as a support for painting,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Christie's, Louis Valtat, "Child on the Carpet", 1910</ref> and in artistic media such as linocut printing. Masonite's smooth surface makes it a suitable material for table tennis tables and skateboard ramps.Template:Fact
Masonite is used by moving companies. Among other things, they use it to protect the walls of buildings where they work, and lay on floors to enable smooth rolling of dollies loaded with goods.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Masonite was used as rear cover in many consumer electronics, from the 1930s up until the early 1980s. It was more heat resistant than contemporary plastic materials which was especially important for vacuum tube TVs and radios which generated high levels of heat in extended use, and also had a lower weight. It also has some electrical insulation properties which were considered particularly useful for safety. It was durable in home electronics, easy to shape and print, various inscriptions regarding to the connections or warnings were easily legible. Later, it was displaced in these applications, as more suitable plastics were developed and new designs evolved, making masonite obsolete in this application. However, some retro style radios developed recently, also have a masonite back cover, though not containing tubes or even built in power supply .
Deterioration
Masonite swells and rots over time when exposed to the elements, and may prematurely deteriorate when it is used as exterior siding. In 1996, International Paper (IP) lost a class action suit brought by homeowners whose Masonite siding had deteriorated. The jury found that IP's Masonite siding was defective.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
See also
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- Paintings on Masonite – Series of paintings by Joan Miró
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References
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