Massimo Introvigne

Massimo Introvigne (born June 14, 1955) is an Italian sociologist of religion,<ref name="Horowitz2019">Template:Cite news</ref> author, and intellectual property attorney. He is a co-founder and the managing director of the Center for Studies on New Religions (CESNUR), a Turin-based nonprofit organization which has been described as "the highest profile lobbying and information group for controversial religions".<ref name="Kent2001">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Early life and career

Introvigne was born in Rome, Italy on June 14, 1955.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Introvigne earned a B.A. in Philosophy from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome in 1975, and a J.D. from the University of Turin in 1979.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="WIPO"/> He worked for the law firm Jacobacci e Associati as an intellectual property attorney, specialized in domain names.<ref name="WIPO">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Olivero2003">Template:Cite news</ref>

He joined Alleanza Cattolica in 1972, a conservative lay Catholic association, for which he has received much criticism. From 2008 to 2016, he was the vice-president of the association.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Chryssides20122">Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> Beginning in 2012, Introvigne was listed as an "invited professor of sociology of religious movements" at the Salesian Pontifical University in Turin.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Introvigne is a proponent of the theory of religious economy developed by Rodney Stark.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2012, Introvigne was appointed chairperson of the newly-formed Observatory of Religious Liberty of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

New religious movements

In 1988, Introvigne co-founded the Center for Studies on New Religions (CESNUR), a nonprofit organization based in Turin that studies new religious movements and opposes the anti-cult movement.<ref name="Chryssides2012">Template:Cite book</ref> Introvigne is the group director of CESNUR.<ref name="Stausberg2009">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="Arweck2006">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="Garde2001">Template:Cite news</ref> Beginning in 2018, Introvigne was editor-in-chief of the daily magazine on religious issues and human rights in China and elsewhere, Bitter Winter, which is published by CESNUR.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Swedish academic Template:Ill, writing for Reading Religion, described Introvigne as "one of the major names in the study of new religions."<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In their 2023 book Satanism: A Reader, Faxneld and Johan Nilsson characterized Introvigne as one of the "founding fathers" of Satanist studies.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Sociologist Roberto Cipriani has called Introvigne "one of the Italian sociologists of religion most well-known abroad, and among the world's leading scholars of new religious movements".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In George D. Chryssides's Historical Dictionary of New Religious Movements, Introvigne is noted to be "regarded as a cult apologist" by members of the anticult movement.<ref name="Chryssides20122" />

In 2001, sociologist Stephen A. Kent described Introvigne as a "persistent critic of any national attempts to identify or curtail so-called 'cults'",<ref name="Kent2001"/> arguing that "he advocates doctrinaire positions that favour groups like Scientology" and that "on [CESNUR's] web page Introvigne intermingles ideological positions within solid research and information".<ref name="Kent2001" /> In the mid-1990s, Introvigne testified on behalf of Scientologists in a criminal trial in Lyon.<ref name="Kent2001" /> After Introvigne was critical of the publication of the 1995 report on cults by the French government, investigative journalist Template:Ill described Introvigne as a "cult apologist", saying he was tied to the Alleanza Cattolica and Silvio Berlusconi's then ruling party.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Introvigne responded that his scholarly and political activities were not connected.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Introvigne has written on the concept of brainwashing, which he does not believe is real and has described it as a myth. In a 1997 interview with the Journal de Genève et Gazette de Lausanne, he said that some groups do practice "dishonest and deceptive techniques or to denigrating propaganda regarding other religious experiences", and that some groups should be monitored but that this must not risk religious freedom.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> CESNUR published the Encyclopedia of Religion in Italy in 2001, of which Introvigne was the main author.<ref name="Stausberg2009"/><ref name="Chryssides20122" /> Introvigne is Editor-in-Chief of the The Journal of CESNUR. It has been described by religious scholar Donald Westbrook as having "contributed heavily to the study of new religions and Scientology,"<ref name="evals">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and critical Scientology scholar Stephen A. Kent has also contributed to the journal, while journalist and Scientology-critic Tony Ortega penned a series of 2018/19 articles criticizing The Journal of CESNUR as an unreliable "apologist journal".<ref name="evals"/>

Personal life

Introvigne is a Roman Catholic.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Introvigne is also director of CESPOC, the Center for the Study of Popular Culture.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Chryssides20122" /> He was the Italian director of the Transylvanian Society of Dracula, which included the leading academic scholars in the field of the literary and historical study of vampire myth.<ref name="Bidwell1997">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1997, J. Gordon Melton and Introvigne organized an event at the Westin Hotel in Los Angeles where 1,500 attendees came dressed as vampires for a "creative writing contest, Gothic rock music and theatrical performances".<ref name="Bidwell1997" />

Introvigne has been married twice and has four children.<ref name="bolino">Template:Cite news</ref>

Bibliography

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External links

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